| 词条 | January 2018 lunar eclipse | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| type = total | image = File:Lunar eclipse January 31 2018 California Alfredo Garcia Jr mideclipse.jpg | caption = Totality from California | date = 31 January 2018 | gamma = -0.3014 | magnitude = 1.3155 | saros_ser = 124 | saros_no = 49 of 74 | totality = 76 minutes, 4 seconds | partiality = 202 minutes, 44 seconds | penumbral = 317 minutes, 12 seconds | p1 = 10:51:15 | u1 = 11:48:27 | u2 = 12:51:47 | greatest = 13:29:50 | u3 = 14:07:51 | u4 = 15:11:11 | p4 = 16:08:27 | previous = August 2017 | next = July 2018 }} A total lunar eclipse occurred on January 31, 2018. The Moon was near its perigee on January 30 and as such may be described as a "supermoon". The previous supermoon lunar eclipse was in September 2015.[1] As this supermoon was also a blue moon (the second full moon in a calendar month), it was referred to as a "super blue blood moon"; "blood" refers to the typical red color of the Moon during a total lunar eclipse.[1] This coincidence last occurred on December 30, 1982 for the eastern hemisphere,[2] and otherwise before that on March 31, 1866.[3][4] The next occurrence will be on January 31, 2037, one metonic cycle (19 years) later. Background{{main|Lunar eclipse}}A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes within Earth's umbra (shadow). As the eclipse begins, Earth's shadow first darkens the Moon slightly. Then, the shadow begins to "cover" part of the Moon, turning it a dark red-brown color (typically – the color can vary based on atmospheric conditions). The Moon appears to be reddish because of Rayleigh scattering (the same effect that causes sunsets to appear reddish) and the refraction of that light by Earth's atmosphere into its umbra.[5] The following simulation shows the approximate appearance of the Moon passing through Earth's shadow. The northern portion of the Moon is closest to the center of the shadow, making it darkest and reddest in appearance. "Super blue blood moon"This was a "supermoon", as the Moon was near to its closest distance to earth in its elliptical orbit, making it 7% larger in apparent diameter or 14% larger in area, than an average full moon. The previous supermoon lunar eclipse was the September 2015 lunar eclipse.[6] The full moon of 31 January 2018 was the second full moon that calendar month (in most time zones), making it, under one definition of the term, a "blue moon". Additionally referencing the orange or red "blood" colors that occur during a lunar eclipse, media sources described the event as a "super blue blood Moon".[7] CharacteristicsVisibilityThe Pacific Ocean was turned toward the Moon at the time of the eclipse. Central and eastern Asia (including most of Siberia), Philippines, Indonesia, New Zealand and most of Australia got a good view of this moon show in the evening sky. For Western Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East and Eastern Europe, the eclipse was underway as the moon rose.[8] Along the U.S. West Coast, the total phase began at 4:51 a.m. PST. The further east, the closer the start of the partial phases coincided with moonset. Along the U.S. Atlantic Seaboard, for instance, the Moon had only just begun to enter the darkest part of Earth's shadow, the umbra, at 6:48 a.m. EST when it disappeared from view below the west-northwest horizon. The duration of the total phase was 77 minutes, with the Moon tracking through the southern part of the Earth's shadow. During totality, the Moon's lower limb appeared brighter than the dark upper limb.[8]
Timing
GalleryNorth AmericaAsia and Middle EastOceaniaRelated eclipsesThe January 2018 lunar eclipse is the first ascending node eclipse of the lunar eclipse series sets from 2016–2020. It is also part of Saros cycle 124. {{Lunar eclipse set 2016-2020}}A similar eclipse occurs on January 31, 2037, one metonic cycle of 19 years in the future. Half-Saros cycleA lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[9] This lunar eclipse is related to two annular solar eclipses of Solar Saros 131.
See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/super-blue-blood-moon-coming-jan-31 |title='Super Blue Blood Moon' Coming Jan. 31, 2018 |date=January 18, 2018 |publisher=NASA |accessdate=February 1, 2018}} 2. ^Blue moon, based on the previous full moon, was either on November 30 or December 1, 1982 based on time zones. 3. ^[https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/01/super-blue-blood-moon-explained-space-astronomy-science/ Rare 'Super Blue Blood Moon' Coming—First in 35 Years], National Geographic, January 29, 2018 4. ^{{cite web |last=Mathewson |first=Samantha |url=https://www.space.com/39532-super-blue-blood-moon-occurs-wednesday.html |title=The Super Blue Blood Moon Wednesday Is Something the US Hasn't Seen Since 1866 |website=Space.com |date=January 30, 2018 |accessdate=February 1, 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web |title=Visual Appearance of Lunar Eclipses |work=NASA |author=Fred Espenak |author2=Jean Meeus|last-author-amp=yes |url=http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEcat5/appearance.html |accessdate=April 13, 2014}} 6. ^1 Super Blue Moon eclipse on January 31, Earthsky.org, January 30 2018 7. ^{{cite news |last1=Gill |first1=Victoria |title=Skywatchers see 'super blue blood Moon' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-42817785 |accessdate=1 February 2018 |work=BBC News |date=31 January 2018}} 8. ^1 {{Cite news |last=Rao |first=Joe |url=https://www.space.com/39241-first-blue-moon-total-eclipse-150-years.html |title=First Blue Moon Total Lunar Eclipse in 150 Years Coming This Month |website=Space.com |access-date=2018-01-02}} 9. ^Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros External links{{Commons category|Lunar eclipse of 2018 January 31}}
5 : 21st-century lunar eclipses|2018 in science|January 2018 events in Asia|January 2018 events in Oceania|January 2018 events in the United States |
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