| 词条 | Józef Zawadzki (chemist) |
| 释义 |
Józef Zawadzki (July 14, 1886 in Warsaw – February 22, 1951 in Zalesie, near Warsaw) was a Polish physical chemist and technologist. Father of Tadeusz (Zośka) and Anna Zawadzka. Zawadzki was a co-founder, President and Vice-President of the Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne. He was a professor (from 1923) and rector (1936–1939) of Warsaw University of Technology, and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning (since 1947). The oldest and largest traditional lecture hall at the Warsaw University of Technology is named Prof. Józef Zawadzki Auditorium.[1] ResearchHis main field of research was physicochemical fundamentals of chemical technology. He was researching contact oxidation of ammonia, naphthalene and anthracene, mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperatures, reduction of iron dioxide by a methane, methods of obtaining aluminium oxide from Polish kaolinite and aluminosilicate, use of Polish anhydrite and gypsum deposit to production sulfuric acid and cementum, kinematics of thermal dissociation. Under the German occupation of Poland during World War II, he was involved in the clandestine operation of the Warsaw University of Technology. Together with Marceli Struszyński, Zawadzki analyzed captured German V-2 rocket for its fuel composition. In 1947, he was recognized with a Doctor Honoris Causa.[2] Mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperaturesThe mechanism of ammonia oxidation on platinum at low temperature was postulated by F. Rachsig (1927) and later adapted by Zawadzki (1948, 1950) to proceed via formation on imide (NH). In this proposal formation of nitroxyl and hydrazine (N2H4) is involved:[3] NH3 + O(a) → NH(a) + H2O NH(a) + O(a) → HNO(a) + * NH(a) + NH3 → N2H4(a) HNO(a) + NH3 → N2H4(a) + ½O2 N2H4(a) + O2 → N2 + 2H2O + * Later, Y. M. Fogel (1964) disproved the Zawadzki theory that NH is formed via the oxidation of ammonia. In his proposal, NO is an important intermediate of the reaction. The formation of N2O is not detected, therefore the mechanism does not involve its production.[3] Works
Notes1. ^The Faculty of Chemistry - Official Page, Warsaw University of Technology, retrieved 2008-05-28. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430145124/http://www.ch.pw.edu.pl/en/ |date=April 30, 2008 }} 2. ^Technikum Chemiczne nr 3 in Warsaw, Poland, retrieved 2008-05-28. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516102358/http://www.technikumchemiczne.edu.pl/patron.html |date=May 16, 2008 }} 3. ^1 Sobczyk (2003), p. 6. References
|last=Broek |first=Arnoldus Cornelis Maria van den |title=Low temperature oxidation of ammonia over platinum and iridium catalysts |year=1998 |isbn=90-386-0628-1 |url=http://alexandria.tue.nl/extra3/proefschrift/boeken/9803814.pdf |format=PDF }}
|last=Sobczyk |first=Dariusz Piotr |title=Positron emission profiling study of ammonia oxidation on platinum |year=2003 |isbn=90-386-3034-4 |url=http://alexandria.tue.nl/extra2/200311957.pdf |format=PDF }}
|title=Zawadzki Józef |work=Internetowa encyklopedia PWN |url=http://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo.php?id=4000649 |accessdate=2007-12-01 |language=Polish |publisher=Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN}}
|title=Zawadzki Józef |work=WIEM Encyklopedia |url=http://portalwiedzy.onet.pl/73590,,,,zawadzki_jozef,haslo.html |language=Polish |accessdate=2007-12-01}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zawadzki, Jozef}} 7 : 1886 births|1951 deaths|People from Warsaw|Warsaw University of Technology alumni|Warsaw University of Technology faculty|Polish physical chemists|Burials at Powązki Cemetery |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。