| 词条 | Javorova Kosa Tunnel | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
ConstructionJavorova Kosa Tunnel was designed by Inženjersko projektni zavod and its construction was started by Spie Batignolles and Mediteran Union Tunel. The construction works contract was cancelled in 2001, with {{convert|232|m}} of the tunnel left to excavate. The works were resumed by Konstruktor and STRABAG AG in 2002 after a new contract was awarded to them.[2] Konstruktor completed the construction by June 2003.[3][4] The tunnel was excavated using the New Austrian Tunneling method.[5] Construction of the tunnel was hindered by low air temperatures, dropping to {{convert|-32|C}}. This was especially problematic as the concrete plant used for the works was {{convert|18|km}} away. Later, during execution of the secondary tunnel tube lining, the tunnel caved in due to a hydraulic failure of surrounding soil, caused by considerable inflow of meltwater. The failure affected a {{convert|6|m|adj=on}} section of the tunnel, and {{convert|400|m3}} of rock and soil had to be removed to remedy the situation. The incident, however, caused no delay of completion schedule.[6] Portal coverJavorova Kosa Tunnel is separated from Podvugleš Tunnel by {{convert|30|m}} of motorway.[7] In order to avoid occurrence of rapidly changing pavement conditions for traffic transiting from one of the tunnels to the other, a translucent cover was executed to protect the route between the tunnels. The cover is {{convert|66.18|m}} long by {{convert|45|m}} wide. It is supported by three rows of {{convert|11|m}} tall concrete columns. The cover is designed to permit ventilation of the tunnels and use of emergency exits.[8] Traffic volumeTraffic is regularly counted and reported by Autocesta Rijeka–Zagreb, operator of the A6 motorway and the tunnel, and published by Hrvatske ceste. Substantial variations between annual (AADT) and summer (ASDT) traffic volumes are attributed to the fact that the motorway carries substantial tourist traffic to Istria and Kvarner Gulf resorts. The traffic count is performed using analysis of toll ticket sales.[9]
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|publisher=Konstruktor |language=Croatian |url=http://www.konstruktor-split.hr/reference/tabid/905/agentType/View/PropertyID/40/sortBy/cf6/PropertyTypeID/2/Default.aspx |title=Cestovni tunel Javorova kosa |trans-title=Javorova Kosa road tunnel |accessdate=October 8, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721101759/http://www.konstruktor-split.hr/reference/tabid/905/agentType/View/PropertyID/40/sortBy/cf6/PropertyTypeID/2/Default.aspx |archivedate=July 21, 2011 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite news | newspaper= Vjesnik | language= Croatian | url= http://www.vjesnik.hr/Pdf/2002%5C09%5C21%5C02A2.PDF | format= PDF | title= Račan: Tunelom Javorova Kosa provozat ćemo se za Božić |trans-title=Račan: We shall drive through Javorova Kosa Tunnel for Christmas | author= Mladen Jambrović | date= September 21, 2002 | accessdate= October 9, 2010}} 3. ^{{cite web | publisher= Croatian Radiotelevision | language= Croatian | url= http://www.hrt.hr/arhiv/2002/01/29/HRT0030.html | title= Postignut dogovor o gradilištima triju tunela na autocesti Zagreb - Rijeka | trans-title= Agreement on construction sites of three Zagreb - Rijeka motorway tunnels | date= January 29, 2002 | accessdate= October 8, 2010 | deadurl= yes | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114339/http://www.hrt.hr/arhiv/2002/01/29/HRT0030.html | archivedate= March 4, 2016 | df= }} 4. ^{{cite web | publisher= Croatian Radiotelevision | language= Croatian | url= http://www.hrt.hr/arhiv/2003/01/22/GOS.html | title= Predstavnici Uprave Mediteran Union Tunela (MUT) ocijenili su da je uzrok nedavnog urušavanja tunela Javorova kosa na autocesti Rijeka-Zagreb neodgovarajući način gradnje sadašnjih izvođača radova |trans-title=Management of Mediteran Union Tunel (MUT) think recent caving-in of Javorova Kosa Tunnel on Rijeka-Zagreb motorway is caused by inappropriate construction methods employed by the current contractor | date= January 21, 2003 | accessdate= October 8, 2010}} 5. ^{{cite web | publisher= University of Zagreb, Faculty of mining, geology and petroleum engineering | language= Croatian | url= http://zbornik.rgn.hr/Rad.aspx?idz=4&idr=53 | title= Primjena cijevnog štita na tunelima Javorova Kosa i Pod Vugleš |trans-title=Use of pipe roofing in Javorova Kosa and Podvugleš tunnels | author= Pavle Jureta, Zvonimir Deković | accessdate= October 9, 2010}} 6. ^{{cite web | publisher= Nova TV | language= Croatian | url= http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/urusavanje-tunela-javorova-kosa-nece-utjecati-na-rok-dovrsetka.html | title= 'Urušavanje tunela Javorova kosa neće utjecati na rok dovršetka' |trans-title='Caving in of the tunnel shall not affect completion schedule' | date= November 21, 2007 | accessdate= October 8, 2010}} 7. ^{{cite news | newspaper= Vjesnik | language= Croatian | url= http://www.vjesnik.hr/pdf/2000%5C12%5C02%5C02A2.PDF | title= Probijen tunel Pod Vugleš, jedan od 13 tunela na auto cesti Zagreb-Rijeka |trans-title=Podvugleš Tunnel excavated as one of 13 tunnels located on Zagreb-Rijeka motorway | format= PDF | author= Damir Herceg | date= December 2, 2000 | accessdate= October 9, 2010}} 8. ^{{cite web | publisher= Konstruktor | language= Croatian | url= http://www.konstruktor-split.hr/reference/tabid/905/agentType/View/PropertyID/44/sortBy/cf6/PropertyTypeID/2/Default.aspx | title= Nadstrešnica između tunela Javorova kosa i Pod Vugleš |trans-title=Cover between Javorova Kosa and Podvugleš tunnels | accessdate= October 8, 2010}} 9. ^{{cite news|newspaper=Hrvatske Ceste |format=PDF |url=http://www.hrvatske-ceste.hr/WEB%20-%20Legislativa/brojenje-prometa/CroDig2009.pdf |title=Traffic counting on the roadways of Croatia in 2009 - digest |date=May 1, 2010 |accessdate=October 5, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100545/http://www.hrvatske-ceste.hr/WEB%20-%20Legislativa/brojenje-prometa/CroDig2009.pdf |archivedate=July 21, 2011 |df= }} External links
3 : Road tunnels in Croatia|Buildings and structures in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County|Tunnels completed in 2003 |
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