| 词条 | Jawbone Canyon | ||||||
| 释义 |
Jawbone Canyon is a geographic feature in the Mojave Desert and a Bureau of Land Management area located in Kern County, California, {{Convert|20|mile|}} north of Mojave on CA 14. The area is a popular destination for hiker HistoryEuropeans first settled in the canyon around 1860—naming it Jawbone because its shape resembled a mandible[1]—and the trail was used as a trade route from Keyesville into the Piute Mountains. During the Kern River gold rush, several gold mines operated in the canyon; the most successful of these, the St. John mine, yielded nearly $700,000 worth of gold between 1860 and 1875. The Gwynn mine, on the Geringer Grade, ran six claims yielding a total of $770,000 worth of gold and quartz before ceasing operations in 1942. Mining continued throughout the 1940s, mainly focused on rhyolite and antimony.[2] The area has been used for recreation since the early 20th century. A scientific study, published in 1983, shows that extensive environmental damage had been caused by off road vehicles operating in Jawbone Canyon.[3] Although off-roading is still permitted in the recreation area, as the Jawbone-Butterbredt Area of Critical Environmental Concern riders are restricted to established trails.[4] Features
See alsoArticles
Index
References1. ^{{cite book|title=California Place Names|author1=Gudde, Erwin G. |author2=Bright, William |page=183|isbn=0-520-24217-3|publisher=University of California Press|year=2004}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Backcountry Adventures Southern California|page=187|year=2006|author1=Massey, Peter |author2=Wilson, Jeanne |publisher=Adler Publishing|isbn=1-930193-26-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HjMozd3dBjoC&pg=PT187&dq=#v=onepage&q=&f=false}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=Environmental effects of off-road vehicles: impacts and management in arid regions|author1=Webb, Robert H. |author2=Wilshire, Howard G. |year=1983|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=0-387-90737-8}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Exploring the Southern Sierra|author1=Jenkins, Jim C. |author2=Jenkins, Ruby J. |year=1992|page=28|isbn=0-89997-128-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iLCoCjfNnq4C&pg=PA28&dq=#v=onepage&q=&f=false}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clui.org/clui_4_1/ludb/sites/CA4933.html |title=CA4933: Los Angeles Aqueduct Jawbone Canyon Siphon |publisher=Center for Land Use Interpretation |accessdate=January 2, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121142101/http://www.clui.org/clui_4_1/ludb/sites/CA4933.html |archivedate=November 21, 2008 }} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Sierra Nevada Byways: Backcountry Drives for the Whole Family|author=Huegel, Tony|page=52|isbn=0-89997-273-X|year=2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuruHIpyRSwC&pg=PA52&dq=#v=onepage&q=&f=false}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=California Trails Central Mountains Region|author=Massey, Peter|page=104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d5IdAYVc3nkC&pg=PA104&dq=#v=onepage&q=&f=false|year=2006|isbn=1-930193-19-X|publisher=Adler Publishing}} External links{{Commons}}
4 : Mojave Desert|Bureau of Land Management areas in California|Protected areas of Kern County, California|Protected areas of the Mojave Desert |
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