“Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site (also known as the Jefferson Davis Capture Site) is a {{convert|12.668|acre|m2|adj=on}} state historic site located in Irwin County, Georgia that marks the spot where Confederate States President Jefferson Davis was captured by United States Cavalry on Wednesday, May 10, 1865. The historic site features a granite monument with a bust of Jefferson Davis that is located at the place of capture.^[3] The memorial museum, built in 1939 by the Works Progress Administration, features Civil War era weapons, uniforms, artifacts and an exhibit about the president's 1865 flight from Richmond, Virginia to Irwin County, Georgia.

History

Confederate States President Jefferson Davis fled the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, on April 2.^[4] From April 3 through 10, Danville, Virginia served as the capital of the rapidly collapsing Confederacy.^[5] Accompanied by several members of his Cabinet (John H. Reagan, Judah P. Benjamin, and John C. Breckinridge), and his aide Burton Harrison, along with a military escort,^[6] the remnants of the Confederate government fled further south, passing through Greensboro and Charlotte in North Carolina and

Davis and his remaining members of his party crossed the Savannah River into Georgia on May 3, 1865,^[10] headed for the Western and Trans-Mississippi theaters, where Davis hoped to regroup the Confederate military and continue the war.^[11]^[12] Davis arrived in Washington in Wilkes County on the same day,^[6] and dissolved the Confederate government there.^[13] By May 6, Davis reached Sandersville, and on May 7 he met his wife, Varina, and their children. With Union troops in close pursuit, Davis and his family fled through Wilcox County.^[6]

On the evening of May 9, Davis and his party reached Irwinville, in Irwin County, and camped in a pine forest (present-day Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site), unaware that Union soldiers were nearby.^[6]^[10] At dawn the next day, they were surrounded by the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry and the 4th Michigan Cavalry.^[6] The two Union regiments were unaware of each other's presence and engaged in a brief firefight (in which two cavalrymen died) before the forces realized that they had been shooting at one another.^[10]^[14] Davis attempted to flee to a nearby creek before being arrested by a Michigan cavalryman.^[6] Captured along with Davis and his wife were his private secretary Harrison, Postmaster General John Henninger Reagan, several other aides, and supply weapons and ambulances.^[15]

Davis was held in Fort Monroe, Virginia for two years until he was released. Today, the 13-acre Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site marks the location where he was captured.^[10] The United Daughters of the Confederacy erected a monument on the exact spot where Davis was captured, and the monument still exists today.^[16] The historic site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.^[2]

Facilities

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.jeffdavispark.com/get-updates/776-meeting-recap-2-2-2017 |title=Meeting Recap - 2/2/2017 |publisher=Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site |access-date=June 22, 2017}}
2. ^¹{{NRISref|version=2010a}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gpb.org/sitestobehold/jefferson-davis |title=Jefferson Davis Memorial State Historic Site |publisher=Georgia Public Broadcasting |access-date=June 5, 2017}}
4. ^Robert M. Dunkerly, To the Bitter End: Appomattox, Bennett Place, and the Surrenders of the Confederacy (Savas Beatie, 2015), p. 63-64.
5. ^Dunkerly, p. 63.
6. ^¹²³⁴⁵[https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/capture-jefferson-davis Capture of Jefferson Davis], Georgia Encyclopedia (last updated June 6, 2017).
7. ^Dunkerly, pp. 63-69.
8. ^Michael B. Ballard, A Long Shadow: Jefferson Davis and the Final Days of the Confederacy (University of Georgia Press, 1985) (published in 1997 by Brown Thrasher), p. 115-19.
9. ^Dunkerly, p. 66.
10. ^¹²³{{cite web |url=http://gastateparks.org/JeffersonDavisMemorial |title=Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site |publisher=Georgia Department of Natural Resources}}
11. ^Dunkerly, p. 68.
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://gastateparks.org/JeffersonDavisMemorial |title=Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site |publisher=Georgia Department of Natural Resources}}
13. ^Ballard, p. 116.
14. ^Dunkerly, p. 68.
15. ^[https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/GetAsset/e5a550b3-0a9b-4548-900e-def0ca908dc0?branding=NRHP National Register of Historic Places Nomination Form], Jefferson Davis Capture Site.
16. ^Dunkerly, p. 70.

External links

13 : 1920 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)|American Civil War museums in Georgia (U.S. state)|American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places|American Civil War sites in Georgia (U.S. state)|Confederate States of America monuments and memorials in Georgia|Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Georgia (U.S. state)|Monuments and memorials to Jefferson Davis|Museums in Irwin County, Georgia|National Register of Historic Places in Irwin County, Georgia|Protected areas established in 1920|Protected areas of Irwin County, Georgia|State parks of Georgia (U.S. state)|Works Progress Administration in Georgia (U.S. state)