| 词条 | Jim Ostendarp |
| 释义 |
| name = Jim Ostendarp | image = Jim Ostendarp Plaque.jpg | alt = | caption = | sport = Football, wrestling | birth_date = {{Birth date|1923|2|15}} | birth_place = Baltimore, Maryland | death_date = {{Death date and age|2005|12|15|1923|2|15}} | death_place = Holyoke, Massachusetts | alma_mater = | player_sport1 = Football | player_years2 = 1946–1947 | player_team2 = Drexel | player_years3 = 1948–1949 | player_team3 = Bucknell | player_years4 = 1950–1951 | player_team4 = New York Giants | player_years5 = 1952 | player_team5 = Montreal Alouettes | player_positions = Halfback
Early yearsOstendarp was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1923. He began playing football at age eight and later recalled his early years playing the game as follows: I grew up in Baltimore and all the kids play football in that city. On a Sunday afternoon there must be 50 kids' games going on there. They're all neighborhood teams. I started playing first for a team that was formed by the kids on the street I lived on. We played against kids from the nearby streets. When I was 10 I played for a club team. I mean we just got together and formed a club and gave it a name. We sold fruit and held raffles to get the money to buy uniforms.[2] Ostendarp later attended Baltimore Polytechnic Institute,[3][4] where coaches told him he was too small to play high school football. Refusing to accept their decision, Ostendarp established his ability by playing semi-professional football on Sundays. He made the Polytechnic high school football team as a senior and earned All-State honors.[5] He received a scholarship to the University of Maryland and played one year of football there.[6] With the outbreak of World War II, he joined the U.S. Army and served as a paratrooper in the 82nd Airborne Division.[5] He fought in the European Theater of Operations and played football with the 7th Army team.[6] After the war, in 1946, Ostendarp enrolled and participated in football, baseball, basketball, and track at Drexel University.[5] Ostendarp transferred to Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania in 1948, where he set the football team's rushing record in 1949 with an average of 6.9 yards per carry.[1] Professional footballIn July 1950, Osetendarp signed with the New York Giants of the National Football League.[6] He played as a halfback for the Giants during the 1950 and 1951 NFL seasons.[7] The Giants were 19–4–1 in 1950 and 1951, with Ostendarp serving as a backup to the team's leading rushers Eddie Price and Choo Choo Roberts.[8][9] Ostendarp appeared in seven games for the 1950 Giants and scored two touchdowns, including one against his hometown Baltimore Colts on November 19, 1951.[7][10] He also rushed for 144 yards in 1950, including a career-long 55-yard run against the New York Yankees on December 3, 1950.[7][11] Ostendarp also returned nine punts for 117 yards and four kickoffs for 83 yards.[7] During the 1952 season, Ostendarp played halfback for the Montreal Alouettes in the Canadian Football League.[12][13] In an interview with The Montreal Gazette, Ostendarp discussed the process of adjusting to Canadian rules: When I first came up here and learned that you only had three downs in which to make 10 yards. I wondered if a team ever moved the sticks. All I could think of is how difficult it is in American football where there are four downs. But I soon saw that it could be done. In fact, I think three downs makes it a better game for the crowd.[2] Ostendarp made the adjustment to Canadian rules, led the Big Four in rushing yards, and received the Lord Calvert Trophy as the Most Valuable Player on the 1952 Alouettes team.[2][14] Following the 1952 season, Ostendarp was reported to have had a contract disagreement with Montreal's team management.[15] In early June 1953, The Montreal Gazette reported that Ostendarp had agreed to salary terms with the Alouettes,[16] but Ostendarp announced a short time later that he had accepted a coaching position at Bucknell University and would not be returning to the Alouettes.[14] Early coaching careerOstendarp began an informal coaching career in 1952 while playing for the Montreal Alouettes. While walking near the campus of McGill University, he was approached by a group of ten- to twelve-year-olds who were playing football. He recalled his introduction to coaching as follows: I showed them a few fundamental things like how to carry the ball and how to hold it for a kick or a pass. A few days later I was up there again and they said they were going to form a team and would I coach them. I taught them one formation and gave them a few plays -- a smash off tackle, an end sweep and a couple of pass patterns. A couple of Sundays later they waited for me after the game at the stadium to tell me they'd won their first game.[2] He began his formal coaching career as an assistant football coach at Bucknell from 1953 to 1954. He later served as an assistant coach at Williams College (1955–57) and Cornell University (1958).[5][17] Amherst CollegeCoaching and awardsIn March 1959, Ostendarp was hired as the head football coach at Amherst College.[18][19] He held that position for 33 years from 1959 to 1991. He led the Amherst Lord Jeffs to undefeated, untied seasons in 1960 and 1984. He also led his teams to 13 Little Three (Amherst, Williams and Wesleyan) championships and nine one-loss seasons.[20] In his 33 years as head coach, Ostendarp compiled an overall record of 168–91–5 and a .646 winning percentage.[21] Four of Ostendarp's Amherst players went on to play in the NFL: Sean Clancy '78, Doug Swift '70, Jean Fugett '72 and Freddie Scott '74.[20] Ostendarp received the Kodak AFCA New England Coach of the Year award in 1961 and 1964; the UPI Small College Coach of the Year award in 1964; the New England Football Writers' Division II and III Coach of the Year award in 1984; and the Gridiron Club of Boston's New England Division II and III Coach of the Year award in 1984.[22] Ostendarp was also one of the first football coaches to use computerized statistics to develop his game strategy for opposing teams. In the early 1960s, some of Ostendarp's players used a computer at the University of Massachusetts to compile opponents' statistics to help their coach plan for upcoming games.[6] Ostendarp announced his resignation as Amherst's head coach in March 1992 at age 68.[23] Influence on playersOstendarp also served on Amherst's faculty as a professor of physical education. He became known for the influence he had on players beyond the football field.[39] Asked by a reporter whether he was interested in coaching at a bigger school, Ostendarp replied, "Where would you go after Amherst?"[20] His players referred to him affectionately as "the Darp" and considered him "one part football coach and one part professor."[6] According to a tribute published by Amherst College following Ostendarp's death, his attire at football games was legendary: "It was easy to spot him on the sidelines. Regardless of the weather, Jim always wore his dark three-piece suit and Fedora."[24] One of Ostendarp's former players noted, "He was a professor who happened to teach football."[24] He emphasized balance and making time for family. One of his former players recalled that Coach Ostendarp "made a point of introducing his players to classical music and art, sometimes taking them to the Mead Art Museum during afternoon practice time."[20] The Boston Globe cited the following incident as an example of Ostendarp's balanced approach to athletics: During a practice session one afternoon in the 1980s, Amherst College football coach James E. Ostendarp stopped his players' drills so they could pause and appreciate the beauty of a sunset over the Berkshires. The moment was indicative of Mr. Ostendarp's approach to the game, his former players said, as he instructed them to appreciate more than just football in their lives."[25] Joe Schell, who played for Ostendarp in the late 1960s, recalled that Ostendarp made sure his players were good students and good citizens. Schell, who went on to become an investment banker, recalled, "For me, next to my father, he was the most influential man in my life."[25] ESPN controversyWhen ESPN sought to televise the 100th annual game between Amherst and Williams College, Ostendarp refused to accommodate the network's demand to change the kickoff.[25] The national broadcast would have generated substantial revenue for the school, but Ostendarp held firm, telling The Wall Street Journal, "We're in education. We aren't in the entertainment business. ... We don't have the stadiums, the crowds, the bands, the cheerleaders or the teams to play on television. We're No. 1 in the country in small academics. To put us on TV and say, 'This is Amherst,' well, it just doesn't measure up."[26] When some Amherst alumni protested his decision, Ostendarp said he couldn't care less, adding, "I've got tenure. I'm a full professor."[27] Ostendarp's decision drew national media coverage.[28][29] The Boston Globe called it "A Glorious Blackout" and added: "When the Man-of-the-Year and Coach-of-the-Year awards are considered, every list should contain the name of Jim Ostendarp. The football coach of Amherst College represents values that have almost disappeared."[30] FamilyOstendarp married Shirley Reidinger in 1953. They lived in Sunderland, Massachusetts, and had three sons, Jim, Jan, and Carl, and four daughters, Teresa, Anne, Beth, and Heidi.[1] In 1981, Ostendarp's son, Jan Ostendarp, returned a punt 92 yards for a touchdown against Williams to lead Amherst to its first Little Three championship since 1968.[31] In December 2005, Ostendarp died at the Soldier's Home in Holyoke, Massachusetts, of complications from Alzheimer's disease.[1] On October 20, 2007, at Amherst's homecoming football game, Amherst President Anthony W. Marx and former Amherst players spoke about Ostendarp and unveiled a bronze plaque (pictured above) dedicated in his honor.[32] Head coaching recordFootball{{CFB Yearly Record Start | type = coach | team = | conf = | bowl = | poll = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Subhead| name = Amherst Lord Jeffs | conf = Little Three | startyear = 1959 | endyear = 1991 }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1959 | name = Amherst | overall = 4–3–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1960 | name = Amherst | overall = 5–3 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1961 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1962 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1963 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1964 | name = Amherst | overall = 8–0 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1965 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1966 | name = Amherst | overall = 6–2 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1967 | name = Amherst | overall = 3–4–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1968 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1969 | name = Amherst | overall = 6–2 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1970 | name = Amherst | overall = 3–5 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1971 | name = Amherst | overall = 6–2 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1972 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1973 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1974 | name = Amherst | overall = 5–3 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1975 | name = Amherst | overall = 4–4 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1976 | name = Amherst | overall = 3–5 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1977 | name = Amherst | overall = 5–2 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1978 | name = Amherst | overall = 3–5 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1979 | name = Amherst | overall = 3–5 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1980 | name = Amherst | overall = 2–6 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1981 | name = Amherst | overall = 5–3 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1982 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1983 | name = Amherst | overall = 5–2–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1984 | name = Amherst | overall = 8–0 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1985 | name = Amherst | overall = 7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = conference | year = 1986 | name = Amherst | overall = 6–3 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1987 | name = Amherst | overall = 6–2 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1988 | name = Amherst | overall = 4–4 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1989 | name = Amherst | overall = 4–4 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1990 | name = Amherst | overall = 1–7 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Entry | championship = | year = 1991 | name = Amherst | overall = 0–7–1 | conference = | confstanding = | bowlname = | bowloutcome = | ranking = no | ranking2 = no }}{{CFB Yearly Record Subtotal | name = Amherst | overall = 168–91–5 | confrecord = }}{{CFB Yearly Record End | overall = 168–91–5 | bowls = no | poll = no | polltype = | legend = }} References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|author=Frank Litsky|title=Jim Ostendarp, Coach at Amherst, Dies at 82|newspaper=The New York Times|date=2005-12-22|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/22/sports/ncaafootball/22ostendarp.html}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|author=Dick Carroll|title=Playing the Field|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=1952-11-07|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=c4MtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dZkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=7268,1051965&dq=ostendarp&hl=en}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Jim Ostendarp |publisher=databasefootball.com |url=http://www.databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=OSTENJIM01 |accessdate=2010-06-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100220110704/http://databasefootball.com/players/playerpage.htm?ilkid=OSTENJIM01 |archivedate=2010-02-20 |df= }} 4. ^{{cite news|title=Other Notable Deaths|newspaper=Baltimore Sun|date=2005-12-17|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2005-12-17/news/0512170424_1_lippincott-messner-peyton-place}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=ATHLETE of the Week|url=https://services.library.drexel.edu/static_files/triangle/Drexel-Triangle_1946-10-18.pdf|publisher=The Triangle|accessdate=26 January 2018|page=6|date=18 October 1946}} 6. ^{{cite news|title=Ostendarp in Pro Giants' Fold|newspaper=The New York Times|date=1950-07-14|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/07/14/archives/ostendarp-in-pro-giants-fold.html}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=Jim Ostendarp profile|publisher=pro-football-reference.com|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/O/OsteJi20.htm|accessdate=2010-06-11}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=1950 New York Giants|publisher=pro-football-reference.com|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/nyg/1950.htm|accessdate=2010-06-11}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=1951 New York Giants|publisher=pro-football-reference.com|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/teams/nyg/1951.htm|accessdate=2010-06-11}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=Giants Overcome Colt Lead to Win|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=1950-11-20}} 11. ^{{cite news|author=Louis Effrat|title=Giants Rout Yanks, Stay Tied for Division Lead as Browns Triumph|newspaper=The New York Times|date=1950-12-04|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/12/04/archives/giants-rout-yanks-stay-tied-for-division-lead-as-browns-triumph-one.html}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Montreal Alouettes All-Time Lineup |publisher=Montreal Alouettes |url=http://fr.montrealalouettes.com/uploads/assets/MTLFR/History/AT_Roster_1946-2007_Univ.pdf |accessdate=2010-06-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714113524/http://fr.montrealalouettes.com/uploads/assets/MTLFR/History/AT_Roster_1946-2007_Univ.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-14 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Als Sign Ostendarp|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|date=1952-07-29|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7o0kAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qt8FAAAAIBAJ&pg=4305,5316659&dq=ostendarp&hl=en}} 14. ^1 {{cite news|title=Ostendarp Agrees To Job At Bucknell|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=1953-06-09|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Gn8tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DpkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3827,1690251&dq=ostendarp&hl=en}} 15. ^{{cite news|author=Jack Koffman|title=Along Sport Row: Salary Trouble For the Big Four?|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|date=1953-05-06|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rEw0AAAAIBAJ&sjid=GisJAAAAIBAJ&pg=7055,1079718&dq=ostendarp&hl=en}} 16. ^{{cite news|author=Dink Carroll|title=Playing the Field|newspaper=The Montreal Gazette|date=1953-06-08|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GX8tAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DpkFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6771,1473438&dq=ostendarp&hl=en}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=James Ostendarp Joins Cornell Football Staff|newspaper=The Hartford Courant|date=1958-02-06|page=17A|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/901801172.html?dids=901801172:901801172&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Feb+06,+1958&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=James+Ostendarp+Joins+Cornell+Football+Staff&pqatl=google}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=Jeffs Name Ostendarp Grid Coach|newspaper=The Hartford Courant|date=1959-03-03|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/courant/access/910422852.html?dids=910422852:910422852&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Mar+03,+1959&author=&pub=Hartford+Courant&desc=Jeffs+Name+Ostendarp+Grid+Coach&pqatl=google}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Jim Ostendarp New Amherst Grid Pilot|newspaper=Christian Science Monitor|date=1959-03-02|page=13|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/csmonitor_historic/access/271572082.html?dids=271572082:271572082&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&date=Mar+02,+1959&author=&pub=Christian+Science+Monitor&desc=Jim+Ostendarp+New+Amherst+Grid+Pilot&pqatl=google}} 20. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|title=James E. Ostendarp|publisher=Amherst Magazine|date=Winter 2006|url=https://www3.amherst.edu/magazine/issues/06winter/college_row/ostendarp.html}} 21. ^{{cite news|title=James E. "Jim" Ostendarp Records by Year|publisher=College Football Data Warehouse|url=http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/coaching/alltime_coach_year_by_year.php?coachid=4322|accessdate=2010-06-12}} 22. ^{{cite news|title=Obituary; James Ostendarp, at 82, Amherst football coach|newspaper=Boston Herald|date=2005-12-18|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/bostonherald/access/943236461.html?dids=943236461:943236461&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+18,+2005&author=&pub=Boston+Herald&desc=Obituary;+James+Ostendarp,+at+82,+Amherst+football+coach&pqatl=google}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=For the Record|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=1992-03-15|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73997318.html?dids=73997318:73997318&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Mar+15,+1992&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=FOR+THE+RECORD&pqatl=google}} 24. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Memorial Minutes: JAMES E. OSTENDARP (1923-2005)|publisher=Amherst College|url=https://www.amherst.edu/academiclife/dean_faculty/facmeetings/memorialminutes#Ostendarp|accessdate=2010-06-11}} 25. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|author=Benjamin R. Freed|title=James Ostendarp; coached football at Amherst College|newspaper=Boston Globe|date=2005-12-18|url=http://www.boston.com/news/globe/obituaries/articles/2005/12/18/james_ostendarp_coached_football_at_amherst_college/}} 26. ^{{cite news|author=Eugene Carlson|title=Little 3 Football Is Blocked From TV -- By a Little 3 Coach --- Chance for National Spotlight Is Rejected by Amherst, To Dismay of Williams|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|page=1|date=1985-10-28|url=http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=27221298&sid=5&Fmt=3&clientId=13322&RQT=309&VName=PQD}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=Morning Briefing|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=1985-11-15}} 28. ^{{cite news|title=A man-bites-dog story: Amherst turns down cable TV game|newspaper=The Atlanta Journal and The Atlanta Constitution|page=E2|date=1985-10-29|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AT&p_theme=at&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB7C1C757763019&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM}}("We're in the education business, not the entertainment business.") 29. ^{{cite news|title=The Non-TV Side of Football|newspaper=Omaha World-Herald|page=1|date=1985-11-09}} 30. ^{{cite news|title=A GLORIOUS BLACKOUT|newspaper=Boston Globe|date=1985-11-02|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/662213641.html?dids=662213641:662213641&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Nov+02,+1985&author=&pub=Boston+Globe+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=A+GLORIOUS+BLACKOUT&pqatl=google}} 31. ^{{cite news|title=Amherst Wins Little 3 Title|newspaper=The New York Times|date=1981-11-15|page=A.6}} 32. ^{{cite web|author=Alexander J. Kantor|title=The Darp for All Time|publisher=Amherst College|url=https://www.amherst.edu/athletics/teams/fall/football/articles/2007/1009_darp_rock_feature}} External links
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