| 词条 | John Forbes (Portuguese general) |
| 释义 |
| name =John Forbes | image =John Forbes Skellater.jpg | caption =John Forbes in Portuguese Army uniform | birth_date ={{birth-date|1733}} | death_date ={{death-date and age|df=yes|8 April 1808|1733}} | birth_place =Aberdeenshire, Kingdom of Great Britain | death_place =Rio de Janeiro, Portuguese colony of Brazil | allegiance ={{flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}} {{flagicon image|Flag Portugal (1750).svg}} Kingdom of Portugal | branch = | serviceyears =1748–1808 | rank =General | battles =Seven Years' War War of the Pyrenees | awards = | laterwork = }} John Forbes, also known in Portuguese as João Forbes (1733–1808), of Skelater, usually known as Forbes-Skelater, was a Scottish general in the Portuguese service. LifeForbes was the only son of Patrick Forbes of Skelater in Aberdeenshire, a branch of the Forbes of Corse. He entered the army when a boy of fifteen as a volunteer at the siege of Maestricht, and was successful in winning a commission. He was essentially a soldier of fortune, and when Portugal applied to Britain for officers to reorganise her army under the Count of Lippe Buckeburg, he was one of the first to volunteer. He took part in the defense of Portugal during the failed Franco-Spanish invasions of Portugal in 1762. Forbes remained in Portugal after the termination of the Seven Years' War; as a Roman Catholic who had married a Portuguese lady, he had no difficulty in getting employment. He acted for many years as adjutant-general of the Portuguese army, but at last, in 1789, he was asked to resign, the object of some jealousy of the Portuguese officers, and was made a knight of the order of Aviz, and promoted to the rank of general. When Portugal decided to join the French Revolutionary Wars, a corps was sent to assist the Spanish army in the War of the Pyrenees, under the command of Forbes. The Portuguese soldiers behaved well, but the commanders of the Spanish army were always at variance, and Forbes himself had much trouble with his adjutant-general, Gomes Freire de Andrade.[1] The French republicans defeated the combined Spanish-Portuguese army, and Forbes returned to Portugal with his corps. He was too old to seek further active service, so he went to Brazil with Queen Mary I, the prince regent, and the court when they fled from the forces led by Jean-Andoche Junot, and on arrival there he was appointed governor of Rio de Janeiro. He died there on 8 April 1808. References1. ^{{cite book|author=Teófilo Braga|title=Gomes Freire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZ4fAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA100|year=1907|publisher=Lello & irmão|page=100}} {{DNB|wstitle=Forbes, John (1733–1808)}}{{one source|date=January 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Forbes, John}} 17 : Recipients of the Order of Aviz|18th-century Scottish people|18th-century Portuguese people|19th-century Scottish people|19th-century Portuguese people|Scottish Roman Catholics|18th-century Roman Catholics|19th-century Roman Catholics|Scottish soldiers|British mercenaries|1733 births|1808 deaths|People from Aberdeenshire|Scottish expatriates in Portugal|Portuguese people of Scottish descent|18th-century Portuguese military personnel|19th-century Portuguese military personnel |
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