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John Gutch (10 January 1746 – 1 July 1831) was an Anglican clergyman and official of the University of Oxford. He was also an antiquarian, with a particular interest in the history of the university.

Life

John Gutch's father, also called John, was town clerk of Wells, Somerset; Gutch was born there on 10 January 1746 and proceeded to study at the University of Oxford, matriculating as a member of All Souls College in 1765, graduating in 1767. He was ordained in the following year and was initially a curate in Wellow and Foxcote near Bath, Somerset. In 1770, he was appointed chaplain of All Souls College (a post that he would hold until his death over sixty years later), also becoming college librarian in 1771 and chaplain of Corpus Christi College in 1778. He was appointed Registrar of the university in 1797, retiring from this position in 1824 with an annuity of £200 from the university. From 1795, he was rector of St Clement's Church, Oxford, where from 1824 his curate was John Henry Newman.

Scholarship

Gutch's main act of scholarship was his edition of Anthony Wood's History of Oxford University, which had an involved publication history. By around 1668 Wood had finished a large manuscript, written in English,{{sfn|Wood|1786|p=i}} of the university's history. It was divided into two parts: the first dealt with the general history of the University up to 1648, and the second with the Schools, Lectureships, the Colleges and Halls, Libraries, and the chief Magistrates (Fasti) - Chancellors, Provosts etc.

Wood's MS was purchased by the Officers of the University Press for £100, on condition that it be published in a Latin translation. It was duly translated, and edited by Dr. John Fell who wilfully made his own additions, emendations and deletions: “He would correct, alter, dash out what he pleased[...]He was a great man and carried all things at his pleasure." In particular, Fell struck out all the passages which Wood had inserted in praise of Thomas Hobbes, and substituted some disparaging epithets.^[1] The Latin edition was printed in the basement of Wren's recently completed Sheldonian Theatre (which had been constructed through Fell's efforts), and published in two volumes in 1674.^[2]

Wood, it appears, was greatly displeased at the manner in which this translation was conducted. He complained that it was by no means either exact or faithful: and that his English text was in many places grossly misrepresented, not only by the mistakes of the translators, but by their frequent omissions and interpolations.{{sfn|Wood|1786|p=ii}} Bishop Barlow told a correspondent that "not only the Latine but the history itself is in many things ridiculously false".^[3] Thomas Warton, in his Life and Literary Remains of Ralph Bathurst (1761), was even more forthright: "I cannot omit this opportunity of lamenting, that Dr. Fell ever proposed a translation of Wood's English work, which would have been infinitely more pleasing in the plain natural dress of its artless, but accurate, author. The translation in general, it is allowed, is full of mistakes; it is also stiff and unpleasing, perpetually disgusting the reader with the affectation of phraseology. Dr. Fell's reason for procuring it to be translated, was, that a complete account of the University might be circulated abroad."{{sfn|Wood|1786|p=iv}}

After a careful and deliberate revision, Wood therefore began in August 1676 to fairly re-transcribe^[4] the whole of his English copy; with a continuation of the general History, or First Part, to the year 1660, and other new insertions and improvements. The History of the Colleges and Halls in the Second Part was also enlarged, and continued down to almost the year of the author's death, in 1695.{{sfn|Wood|1786|p=ii}} He certainly entertained hopes that this manuscript, which he left with every preparation for the press, would one day see the light. He bequeathed it on his death-bed to the University of Oxford, and it was deposited in the Bodleian library. It consists of two very ample volumes in folio.{{sfn|Wood|1786|p=ii}}

Gutch edited this second manuscript copy and published it in five volumes from 1786 to 1796. The publication history is again somewhat convoluted, He began with the second half of vol. 2 of the 1674 Latin edition, the history of the Colleges and Halls (1786), followed by the Fasti Oxoniensis (1790), the latter part of vol. 1 of 1674. These were followed by the general history of the University (the Annals) in three volumes, the first of which (1792) contained Lives of the author, partially adapted by Gutch from Wood's autobiography.{{refn|{{harvp|Tedder|1911}} states that the most minute particulars of Wood's life can be obtained from his Diaries (1657–1695) and autobiography; all earlier editions were superseded by the elaborate work of Andrew Clark, The Life and Times of Anthony Wood, Antiquary, of Oxford, 1632–1695, described by himself (Oxford Historical Society, 1891–1900, 5 vols. 8vo).}} Gutch's last volume of the general history (1796) also contained (from p. 709) the first half of vol. 2 of the Latin edition, namely, the history of the Schools, Lectureships, Officers, Libraries etc.

Gutch's other publications included two volumes of miscellaneous historical material about the university. He died on 1 July 1831 and was buried at St Peter-in-the-East, Oxford.^[5]

Publications

References

1. ^{{Cite EB1911|title=Fell, John |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Fell,_John|first=Philip Chesney|last=Yorke|volume=10|pages=240-241}}
2. ^{{cite book|ref=harv |last=Wood |first=Anthony |author-link=Anthony à Wood |title=Historia et Antiquitates Universitatis Oxoniensis / Duobus Voluminis Comprehensae |editor=Fell, John |editor-link=John Fell (bishop) |translator=Richard Peers and Richard Reeve |language=Latin |series=(2 vols.)|year=1674 |place=Oxford |publisher=E Teatro Sheldoniano}} ([https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TT0HVmHTkMMC Vol. 1]) ([https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f0sfbgvflCwC Vol. 2])
3. ^{{harvp|Tedder|1911}} cites Genuine Remains, 1693, p. 183.
4. ^Some sources say re-translate.
5. ^{{cite web|first=Alan |last=Crossley|title=Gutch, John (1746–1831)|work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|date= September 2004 |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/11779|accessdate=4 August 2010}} {{ODNBsub}}
6. ^With addenda/corrigenda, and Index to the first 2 vols.
7. ^Annals from earliest times to 1509.
8. ^Annals, 1510-1646.
9. ^Annals, 1647-1648, including Visitation after the Civil Wars; History of the Ancient and Present Schools (p. 709); Theatre; Lectureships, inc. Shagglyng lectures (p. 901); Offices of Orator and Archives (p. 904); Public Libraries (p. 910); Bodleian Picture Gallery (p. 954); Addenda & Corrigenda (p. 985): Index (p. 1000, unpaginated.