| 词条 | John Hamilton Roberts |
| 释义 |
|name= John Hamilton Roberts |image=Ham-Roberts-PA-153531lrg.jpg |caption=John Hamilton Roberts |rank=Major General |branch={{army|Canada}} |commands= 2nd Canadian Infantry Division |battles=World War I World War II
|family= |nickname="Ham" |allegiance={{Flag|Canada|1921}} |birth_date= December 21, 1891 |death_date=December 17, 1962 (aged 70) |birth_place= Pipestone, Manitoba, Canada |death_place= Jersey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom |placeofburial= |serviceyears=1914–1945 |laterwork= |awards=Companion of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order Military Cross }} John Hamilton "Ham" Roberts CB, DSO, MC (December 21, 1891 – December 17, 1962) was a Canadian artillery officer and major general. Roberts was born in Pipestone, Manitoba. He studied in Upper Canada College and graduated from the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario in 1914, student #891. From 1939, he commanded the 1st Regiment, Royal Canadian Horse Artillery in Northern France, and was serving in that position when the Germans began the Battle of France in May 1940. Roberts managed to save his regiment's guns while evacuating from Brest in Brittany during the unsuccessful attempt to establish a second British Expeditionary Force in France after the evacuation at Dunkirk. He was later promoted to Major General and appointed General Officer Commanding the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division in 1941. Roberts was put in charge of the ground troops for the raid against Dieppe, on August 19, 1942. His command post was aboard {{HMS|Calpe|L71|6}} and due to poor communications he had no idea how his troops were managing, until they called for landing craft for immediate evacuation. Roberts was criticized for unnecessarily committing his reserve troops (Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal) and inadvertently increasing the casualties. He was relieved of his command six months later.[1] It was Roberts's inept performance during a war-game codenamed Operation Spartan in March 1943 rather than the Dieppe raid, which ended Roberts's career.[2] General Harry Crerar reprimanded Roberts for the poor co-ordination between the 2nd Division's artillery and infantry during Operation Spartan war-games, and that Roberts failed to have forces dig in after seizing a bridgehead despite having ample time to do so.[2] After Operation Spartan, Roberts was judged unfit to hold a combat command. He was sent to command reinforcement units in the United Kingdom and received no further operational commands. He later retired to the Channel Islands where he died in 1962.[3] External links
Endnotes{{Commons}}1. ^Neillands, Robin The Dieppe Raid 2. ^1 English, John The Canadian Army and the Normandy Campaign: A Study of Failure in High Command, New York: Praeger, 1991 page 147. 3. ^CBC interview, Dieppe 2 h Anniversary, Dieppe miniseries DVD References
9 : Canadian generals|Companions of the Order of the Bath|Canadian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|Canadian recipients of the Military Cross|Canadian military personnel of World War II|People from Westman Region, Manitoba|1881 births|1962 deaths|Royal Military College of Canada alumni |
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