| 词条 | John P. Charlton |
| 释义 |
History of Charlton's postal cardThe first postal cards have been used by William Henry Jackson, an artist and photographer, who painted Civil War battlefields in the beginning of the 1860s and used them to write to his family.[3] Charlton invented the private postal card around the same time in 1861 in Philadelphia. He copyrighted and patented[4] the idea in the same year.[5] He later transferred the rights to the idea to his friend and fellow printer Hymen Lipman who was also credited for the invention and who printed the postal cards with a decorative border and a small print reading "Lipman's Postal Card. Patent Applied For." (see picture). Lipman's cards were also the ones that were first known as "post cards".[6] DesignCharlton's invention was a plain card (except the decorative border), the face of which was completely reserved for the message. The reverse side was for the destination address and the 1¢ stamp. Neither side bore a picture or similar decoration, as modern picture postcards do.[7] The well-known postcard format of a divided back (for text and address) with an image on the whole front was not used in the US until 1907,[8] although they were used earlier in other countries.[9] End of productionCharlton and Lipman stopped production of their postal cards in 1873.[1][3] The United States had previously allowed non-government issued post cards to be circulated as long as proper postage was affixed to it and they confined to the government's regulations. Starting in 1873 however, the government began to issue their own post cards measuring 130 x 75 mm. This lasted until May 19, 1898, when Congress passed the Private Mailing Card Act. See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book|author=The Historical Commission of Redondo Beach|title=Redondo Beach|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mkfQKSRQcnsC&printsec=frontcover|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|date=February 15, 2006|pages=7|isbn=0-7385-3077-8}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Charlton, John P.}}2. ^{{cite news|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=BG&p_theme=bg&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EADED7C34A71CDD&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|title=Ask The Globe|date=May 4, 1986|publisher=Boston Globe|accessdate=2009-07-20}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Patterson|first=Dorothy W.|author2=DeVries, Janet M.|title=Delray Beach (Postcard History: Florida)|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IwtzNY1VLLsC&printsec=frontcover|date=April 7, 2008|pages=10|isbn=0-7385-5330-1}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Paclík|first=Jirí|year=2008|title=The expansion of urban areas on the maps|publisher=Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Rep.|url=http://geo.ujep.cz/gu_pdf/geoscape_3_issue_08.pdf#page=48|issue=1|pages=50}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Hook|first=Sara Anne|title=You’ve got mail: hospital postcards as a reflection of health care in the early twentieth century|publisher=Journal of the Medical Library Association|date=July 2005|pages=387|url=http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1175805&blobtype=pdf}} 6. ^{{cite book|title=A history of postcards: A pictorial record from the turn of the century to the present day|last=Willoughby|first=Martin|publisher=Studio Editions|year=1992|pages=31|isbn=1-85170-422-1}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Boorstin|first=Daniel J.|title=The Americans: The Democratic Experience|publisher=Random House|date=May 12, 1973|isbn=0-394-48724-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I011AAAAMAAJ&q=%22john+p+charlton%22+postcard&dq=%22john+p+charlton%22+postcard}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Bennett|first=William E.|title=Elgin, Illinois: Wish You Were Here|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|date=October 1, 2001|pages=8|isbn=0-7385-1894-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6rZY4uS2zfoC&printsec=frontcover}} 9. ^{{cite web|author1=Holder, Judith|author2=Holder, Stephen|url=http://www.rpsl.org.uk/pictures_in_the_post/index.html|title=Pictures in the Post - a brief history of the picture postcard|publisher=Royal Philatelic Society London|date=23 March 2006|accessdate=2009-07-31|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209223353/http://rpsl.org.uk/pictures_in_the_post/index.html|archivedate=9 February 2009|df=}} 5 : Postcards|Postal history|Year of birth missing|Year of death missing|American printers |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。