| 词条 | John P. Merrill | ||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = John P. Merrill |box_width = |image = Herrick kidney transplant.jpg |image_width = |alt = |caption = Dr. John P. Merrill (left) explains the workings of a then-new machine called an artificial kidney to Richard Herrick (middle) and his brother Ronald (right). The Herrick twin brothers were the subjects of the world's first successful kidney transplant, Ronald being the donor. |birth_date = {{birth date|1917|03|10}} |birth_place = Hartford, Connecticut |death_date = {{death date and age|1984|04|14|1917|03|10}} |death_place = Hope Town, Bahamas |profession = physician medical researcher |specialism = |research_field = nephrology |known_for = nephrology kidney transplant |years_active = |education = |work_institutions = Peter Bent Brigham Hospital Harvard Medical School |prizes = |relations = |signature = }}John Putnam Merrill (March 10, 1917 – April 14, 1984) was an American physician and medical researcher. He led the team which performed the world's first successful kidney transplant.[1] He generally credited as the "father of nephrology"[2] or "the founder of nephrology," which is the scientific study of the kidney and its diseases.[1] Early lifeMerrill was born in 1917 in Hartford, Connecticut. After graduating from Dartmouth College in 1938, he attended the Harvard Medical School. He graduated in 1942; and he was an intern at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital.[2] During World War II, he served for four years in the Army. Two years were spent on Kwajalein Island in the Pacific with "Operation Crossroads."[2] CareerMerrill's entire career was spent in Boston at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, now known as Brigham and Women's Hospital. His work as a medical researcher began in 1947. As a resident in medicine, he was assigned to head the team which developed an artificial kidney (the Brigham-Kolff dialyzers) for use in the treatment of acute and chronic renal failure.[2] {{cquote|With our tradition of kidney disease research, we felt we should sponsor the so-called artificial kidney. But who could take on this complex—and risky—research project? My choice was John P. Merrill. With his excellent medical background ... four years as a flight surgeon ... interest in cardiorenal disease ... and the intellectual curiosity that characterizes a born researcher ... he was ideally suited.|author=Dr. George W. Thorn, Physician in chief, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, 1942–1972.[3]}}In 1950, Merrill began teaching at Harvard Medical School.[1] In 1954, Merrill headed the multidisciplinary team that performed the first successful transplant of a kidney between identical twin brothers.[2] Merrill was made a full professor at Harvard Medical School in 1970.[1] His legacy is found in his students and in those doctors he mentored.[4] Chronology
Merrill's career was cut short when he died on April 14, 1984, in a boating accident while vacationing in the Bahamas.[1] Selected worksIn a statistical overview derived from writings by and about John Merrill, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 20+ works in 30+ publications in 3 languages and 400+ library holdings .[6] {{dynamic list}}
Honors
Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 Altman, Lawrence K. [https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/10/obituaries/dr-john-merrill-transplant-pioneer-dies-in-boating-mishap.html?scp=3&sq=john%20p%20merrill&st=cse "Dr. John Merrill, Transplant Pioneer, Dies in Boating Mishap,"] New York Times. April 10, 1984. 2. ^1 2 3 4 Epstein, Murray. "John P. Merrill: The Father of Nephrology as a Specialty," Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Vol. 4, pp. 2-8. January 7, 2009. 3. ^Epstein, citing Thorn (1973). Essays in Medicine: Topics in Nephrology. 4. ^Friedman, Eli A. (1978). The John P. Merrill Festschrift. 5. ^Fenster, Julie M. (2003). {{Google books|ySc4jUV5t_8C|Mavericks, Miracles, and Medicine, p. 273|page=273}} 6. ^WorldCat Identities {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230150412/http://www.oclc.org/research/activities/identities/default.htm |date=2010-12-30 }}: Merrill, John P. 7. ^Merrill, J.P. "Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Investigation," Presidential address," Journal of Clinical Investigation. Vol. 42, pp. 906–911. April 1963. References
9 : Dartmouth College alumni|Harvard Medical School alumni|American medical researchers|Harvard Medical School faculty|American nephrologists|1917 births|1984 deaths|Howard Hughes Medical Investigators|20th-century American physicians |
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