| 词条 | John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway |
| 释义 |
| name = John Stewart 7th Earl of Galloway KT | image = Mengs, John Viscount Garlies.jpg | alt = | caption = Stewart as Master of Garlies by Anton Raphael Mengs, 1758 | office = Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright | term_start = 1803 | term_end = 1806 | predecessor = Viscount Garlies | successor = The Earl of Selkirk | office1 = Lord Lieutenant of Wigtown | term_start1 = 1794 | term_end1 = 1806 | predecessor1 = Office created | successor1 = Earl of Galloway | constituency_MP2 = Ludgershall | parliament2 = United Kingdom | term_start2 = 1768 | term_end2 = 1773 | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | constituency_MP3 = Haslemere | parliament3 = United Kingdom | term_start3 = 1761 | term_end3 = 1768 | predecessor3 = | successor3 = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1736|3|13|df=yes}} | birth_place = | death_date = {{Death date and age|1806|11|13|1736|3|13|df=yes}} | death_place = | restingplace = | citizenship = | nationality = | party = Tory | parents = Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway Lady Catherine Cochrane | spouse = {{marriage|Lady Charlotte Greville |1762|1763|reason=her death}} {{marriage|Anne Dashwood |1764|1806|reason=his death}} | relations = Susannah Stewart (sister) Granville Leveson-Gower (brother-in-law) Keith Stewart (brother) John Murray (brother-in-law) Archibald Hamilton (brother-in-law) | children = 18, including George, William, Charles, Edward, James | residence = | alma_mater = }} John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway KT (13 March 1736 – 13 November 1806) was a Scottish peer, styled Viscount Garlies from 1747 until 1773, who became the 7th Earl of Galloway in 1773 and who served as a Member of Parliament from 1761 to 1773. Early lifeJohn Stewart was the eldest son and second child of Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway (c. 1694–1773) and Lady Catherine Cochrane, the youngest daughter of the John Cochrane, 4th Earl of Dundonald. His older sister, Lady Susanna Stewart (d. 1805), married Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford. His other siblings included Admiral the Honourable Keith Stewart of Glasserton (1739–1795), Lady Margaret Stewart (d. 1762), Lady Charlotte Stewart (d. 1818) who married John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, Lady Catherine Stewart (b. ca. 1750), and Lady Harriet Stewart (d. 1788) who married Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton.[1] PeerageHe succeeded his father Alexander in 1773.[1][1] CareerHe was elected one of the representative peers, representing the Peerage of Scotland in the House of Lords, in 1774 and sat there until the 1790s.[2] From 1783 until his death he was a Lord of the Bedchamber to King George III. The Earl, a Tory, was the target of two hostile poems by Robert Burns, John Bushby's Lamentation and On the Earl of Galloway.[3][4] Galloway, a frequent opera-goer, was caricatured by James Gillray in An Old Encore at the Opera! of 1803.[2] In 1762, James Boswell wrote of him that he had "a petulant forwardness that cannot fail to disgust people of sense and delicacy".[5] Besides being a Member of Parliament, Lord Galloway was a Lord of Police from 1768 to 1782, a Representative Peer for Scotland from 1774 to 1790, a Knight of the Thistle (1775), and a Lord of the Bedchamber from 1784 to 1806.[1] Personal lifeOn 14 August 1762, he married Lady Charlotte Greville (d. 1763), the daughter of Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick (1719–1773).[2] They had two sons, both of whom died in infancy.[6] After Charlotte's death, he married Anne Dashwood (1743–1830), daughter of Sir James Dashwood, 2nd Baronet (1715–1779), on 13 June 1764. They had sixteen children:[6]
DescendantsHis grandson, George Spencer-Churchill (1793–1857), was the 6th Duke of Marlborough, and his brother was Lord Charles Spencer-Churchill (1794–1840). Through his grandson, he was the 3x great grandfather of Winston Churchill.[6] His grandson, Randolph Stewart (1800–1873), was the 9th Earl of Galloway and served as Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright from 1828 to 1845 and was MP for Cockermouth from 1826 to 1831. He married Lady Harriet Blanche Somerset, daughter of Henry Somerset, 6th Duke of Beaufort.[6] His grandson, George Rushout (1811–1887), was the 3rd Baron Northwick and served as MP for Evesham from 1837 to 1841 and MP for Worcestershire East from 1847 to 1859. He married the Hon. Elizabeth Augusta, daughter of William Bateman-Hanbury, 1st Baron Bateman and widow of George Drought Warburton, in 1869.[6] His granddaughter, Sophia Bligh, married to Henry William Parnell (1809-1896) in 1835, the son of Henry Parnell, 1st Baron Congleton, who was a great uncle of Charles Stewart Parnell. Henry W. Parnell's sister, Emma Jane Parnell, was married to Edward Bligh, 5th Earl of Darnley.[6] Art patronageThe Earl of Galloway was painted in a miniature by Nathaniel Hone the Elder,[10] as well as a full portrait by Anton Raphael Mengs in 1758 when he was Viscount Garlies, which is currently located at The Los Angeles County Museum of Art.[11] His second wife, Anne Dashwood, had a portrait painter of her by Sir Joshua Reynolds in 1764, which is currently located at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.[12] Lady Galloway, along with their daughter Susan Stewart, later Duchess of Marlborough, was also painted by Angelica Kauffmann.[13] References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Galloway, Earl of (S, 1623)|url=http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/galloway1623.htm|website=www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk|publisher=Heraldic Media Limited|accessdate=14 February 2017}} {{s-start}}{{s-par|gb}}{{succession box | before=Thomas Duncombe2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Robert Burns Country: The Burns Encyclopedia: Stewart, John, seventh Earl of Galloway (1736-1806)|url=http://www.robertburns.org/encyclopedia/StewartJohnseventhEarlofGalloway1736-1806.821.shtml|website=www.robertburns.org|publisher=The Burns Encyclopedia|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway ('An old encore, at the opera')|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw62670/John-Stewart-7th-Earl-of-Galloway-An-old-encore-at-the-opera?LinkID=mp61920&role=sit&rNo=0|website=npg.org.uk|publisher=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway ('A Scotch poney, - commonly call'd a Galloway')|url=http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw62679/John-Stewart-7th-Earl-of-Galloway-A-Scotch-poney---commonly-calld-a-Galloway?LinkID=mp61920&role=sit&rNo=1|website=npg.org.uk|publisher=National Portrait Gallery|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 5. ^Jamesboswell.info. Retrieved 12 July 2011. 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|last1=Mosley, ed.|first1=Charles|title=John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway|url=http://www.thepeerage.com/p10592.htm#i105918|website=www.thepeerage.com|publisher=Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes|accessdate=14 February 2017|location=Wilmington, Delaware|date=2003}} 7. ^G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume II, page 15. 8. ^L. G. Pine, The New Extinct Peerage 1884-1971: Containing Extinct, Abeyant, Dormant and Suspended Peerages With Genealogies and Arms (London, U.K.: Heraldry Today, 1972), page 208 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Dodd|first1=Charles R.|title=THE PEERAGE, BARONETAGE, AND KNIGHTAGE, OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, INCLUDING ALL THE TITLED CLASSES|date=1846|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VdkNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA527&lpg=PA527&dq=7th+Earl+of+Galloway&source=bl&ots=suZVCmHcEt&sig=gkttKRECY3w8ehxrpW3HNyF1ZDU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjy_6-Y0pDSAhXJlVQKHfHLBlg4FBDoAQghMAI#v=onepage&q=7th%20Earl%20of%20Galloway&f=false|accessdate=14 February 2017|language=en}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=A gentleman John 7th Earl of Galloway in a twisted gold bordered white coat and waistcoat lace cravat and black stock powdered hair en queue by NathanielHone the Elder|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/nathaniel-hone-the-elder/a-gentleman-john-7th-earl-of-galloway-in-aa-rnaRuoS8gMaUl95rsKLBSQ2|website=www.artnet.com|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Portrait of John Viscount Garlies, Later 7th Earl of Galloway, as Master of Garlies {{!}} LACMA Collections|url=https://collections.lacma.org/node/202501|website=collections.lacma.org|publisher=The Los Angeles County Museum of Art|accessdate=14 February 2017|language=en}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Anne Dashwood (1743–1830), Later Countess of Galloway {{!}} Joshua Reynolds {{!}} 50.238.2 {{!}} Work of Art {{!}} Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History {{!}} The Metropolitan Museum of Art|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/50.238.2/|website=metmuseum.org|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|accessdate=14 February 2017}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Portrait of Anne Stewart née Dashwood Countess of Galloway 1743-1830 by Angelika Kauffmann|url=http://www.artnet.com/artists/angelika-kauffmann/portrait-of-anne-stewart-n%C3%A9e-dashwood-countess-of-9WVHYiLVyXynMKeFGeaQg2|website=www.artnet.com|accessdate=14 February 2017}} Sir Matthew Fetherstonhaugh | title=Member of Parliament for Morpeth |with = Thomas Duncombe | years=1761–1768 | after=Peter Beckford Sir Matthew Ridley}}{{succession box | before=Thomas Whately John Paterson | title=Member of Parliament for Ludgershall |with = Sir Peniston Lamb | years=1768–1773 | after=Sir Peniston Lamb Whitshed Keene}}{{s-hon}}{{s-new | office}}{{s-ttl | title=Lord Lieutenant of Wigtown | years=1794–1806}}{{s-aft | after=The Earl of Galloway}}{{succession box | before=Viscount Garlies | title=Lord Lieutenant of Kirkcudbright | years=1803–1806 | after=The Earl of Selkirk}}{{s-reg|sct}}{{succession box | title=Earl of Galloway | before=Alexander Stewart | after=George Stewart | years=1773–1806}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Galloway, John Stewart, 7th Earl of}} 11 : 1736 births|1806 deaths|British MPs 1761–68|British MPs 1768–74|Earls of Galloway|Knights of the Thistle|Lord-Lieutenants of Kirkcudbright|Lord-Lieutenants of Wigtown|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies|Scottish representative peers|Peers of Great Britain created by George III |
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