“Kaunan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Kaunan

释义

References

{{infobox rune
| lang1 = pg | lang2 = oe | lang3 = on
| name1 = *Kaunan^?
| name2 = Cēn
| name3 = Kaun
| meaning1 = ?
| meaning2 = "torch"
| meaning3 = "ulcer"
| shape1 =
| shape2 =
| shape3 =
| unicode hex1 =16B2
| unicode hex2 =16B3
| unicode hex3 =16B4
| transliteration1 =k
| transliteration2 =c
| transliteration3 =k
| transcription1 =k
| transcription2 =c
| transcription3 =k, g
| IPA1 = {{IPA|[k]}}
| IPA2 = {{IPA|[k], [c], [tʃ]}}
| IPA3 = {{IPA|[k], [g]}}
| position13 = 6
}}{{Contains Runic text|width=30em}}

The k-rune {{runic|ᚲ}} (Younger Futhark {{runic|ᚴ}}, Anglo-Saxon futhorc {{runic|ᚳ}}) is called Kaun in both the Norwegian and Icelandic rune poems, meaning "ulcer". The reconstructed Proto-Germanic name is *Kaunan. It is also known as Kenaz ("torch"), based on its Anglo-Saxon name.

The Elder Futhark shape is likely directly based on Old Italic c (, 𐌂) and on Latin C. The Younger Futhark and Anglo-Saxon Futhorc shapes have parallels in Old Italic shapes of k (, 𐌊) and Latin K (compare the Negau helmet inscription). The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌺 k, called kusma.

The shape of the Younger Futhark kaun rune ({{runic|ᚴ}}) is identical to that of the "bookhand" s rune in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc.

The {{runic|ᚴ}} rune also occurs in some continental runic inscriptions. It has been suggested that in these instances, it represents the ch /χ/ sound resulting from the Old High German sound shift (e.g. {{Runic|ᛖᛚᚴ}} elch in Nordendorf II).^[1]

Old Norwegian

{{runic|ᚴ}} Kaun er barna bǫlvan;

bǫl gørver nán fǫlvan.

Ulcer is fatal to children;

death makes a corpse pale.

Old Icelandic

{{runic|ᚴ}} Kaun er barna böl

ok bardaga [för]

ok holdfúa hús.

flagella konungr.

Disease fatal to children

and painful spot

and abode of mortification.

Anglo-Saxon

{{runic|ᚳ}} Cen byþ cƿicera gehƿam, cuþ on fyre

blac ond beorhtlic, byrneþ oftust

ðær hi æþelingas inne restaþ.

The torch is known to every living man

by its pale, bright flame; it always burns

where princes sit within.

Rune Poem:^[2]	English Translation:
Notes: The Icelandic poem is glossed with Latin flagella "whip". The Anglo-Saxon poem gives the name cen "torch".

References

1. ^Tineke Looijenga, Texts & contexts of the oldest Runic inscriptions, BRILL, 2003, {{ISBN|978-90-04-12396-0}}, p. 129.
2. ^Original poems and translation from the [https://web.archive.org/web/19990501094729/http://www.ragweedforge.com/poems.html Rune Poem Page].

1 : Runes

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