| 词条 | Kawanishi H6K | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Kawanishi H6K was an Imperial Japanese Navy flying boat produced by the Kawanishi Aircraft Company and used during World War II for maritime patrol duties. The Allied reporting name for the type was Mavis; the Navy designation was {{nihongo|"Type 97 Large Flying Boat"|九七式大型飛行艇}}. Design and developmentThe aircraft was designed in response to a Navy requirement of 1934 for a long range flying boat and incorporated knowledge gleaned by a Kawanishi team that visited the Short Brothers factory in the UK, at that time one of the world's leading producers of flying boats, and from building the Kawanishi H3K, a license-built, enlarged version of the Short Rangoon.[2] The "Type S", as Kawanishi called it, was a large, four-engine monoplane with twin tails, and a hull suspended beneath the parasol wing by a network of struts. Three prototypes were constructed, each one making gradual refinements to the machine's handling both in the water and in the air, and finally fitting more powerful engines. The first of these flew on 14 July 1936 and was originally designated Navy Type 97 Flying Boat, later H6K. Eventually, 217 would be built.[3] Operational historyH6Ks were deployed from 1938 onwards, first seeing service in the Sino-Japanese War and were in widespread use by the time the full-scale Pacific War erupted, in 1942. At that time of the war, four Kōkūtai (air groups) operated a total of 66 H6K4s.[4] The type had some success over South East Asia and the South West Pacific. H6Ks had excellent endurance, being able to undertake 24-hour patrols, and were often used for long-range reconnaissance and bombing missions. From bases in the Dutch East Indies, they were able to undertake missions over a large portion of Australia. However, the H6K became vulnerable to a newer generation of heavier armed and faster fighters.[4] It continued in service throughout the war, in areas where the risk of interception was low. In front-line service, it was replaced by the Kawanishi H8K. Variants
Evaluation prototypes with four Nakajima Hikari 2 engines, four built.
Prototypes with 746 kW 1,000 hp Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 engines, three converted from the original H6K1 prototypes
First production model. Includes two H6K2-L officer transport modification, 10 built.
Unarmed transport version of H6K2 powered by Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 engines, 16 built
Modified transport version of H6K2 for VIPs and high-ranking officers, 2 built
Major production version, modified H6K2 with revised weapons, some with 694 kW (930 hp) Mitsubishi Kinsei 46 engines. Fuel capacity increased from 7,764 L (1,708 Imp gal) to 13,410 L (2,950 Imp gal). Includes two H6K4-L transport versions, 100 to 127 (if other numbers are all correct) built.
Transport version of H6K4, similar to H6K2-L, but with Mitsubishi Kinsei 46 engines, 20 built and another two converted from the H6K4
Fitted with 969 kW (1,300 hp) Mitsubishi Kinsei 51 or 53 engines and new upper turret replacing the open position, 36 built Operators
Used on the routes Yokohama-Saipan-Koror (Palau)-Timor, Saigon-Bangkok and Saipan-Truk-Ponape-Jaluit[6] Specifications (H6K4){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?= plane |jet or prop?= prop |ref= Warplanes of the Second World War, Volume Five: Flying Boats;[3] Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War[7] |crew= 9 |capacity= |payload main= |payload alt= |length main= 25.63 m |length alt= 84 ft 3 in |span main= 40.00 m |span alt= 131 ft 2 in |height main= 6.27 m |height alt= 20 ft 6 in |area main= 170 m2 |area alt= 1,830 ft2 |airfoil= |empty weight main= 11,707 kg |empty weight alt= 25,755 lb |loaded weight main= 17,000 kg |loaded weight alt= 37,400 lb |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= 21,500 kg |max takeoff weight alt= 47,300 lb |more general= |engine (prop)= Mitsubishi Kinsei 43 or 46 |type of prop= 14-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engines |number of props= 4 |power main= 746 kW |power alt= 1,000 hp |power original= |max speed main= 331 km/h |max speed alt= 211 mph |cruise speed main= 216 km/h |cruise speed alt= 138 mph |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main= 6,580 km |range alt= 4,112 mi |ceiling main= 9,610 m |ceiling alt= 31,520 ft |climb rate main= 370 m/min |climb rate alt= 1,213 ft/min |loading main= 100 kg/m2 |loading alt= 20 lb/ft2 |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= 0.17 kW/kg |power/mass alt= 0.11 hp/lb |more performance= |armament=
|avionics= }} See also{{aircontent||related=*Short Rangoon
|similar aircraft=
|lists=
|see also= }} References
1. ^{{harvnb|Francillon|1979|p=307.}} 2. ^{{Harvnb|Air International|December 1985|p=294.}} 3. ^1 {{Harvnb|Green|1972|p=129.}} 4. ^1 {{Harvnb|Green|1972|p=128.}} 5. ^Air Enthusiast Quarterley 1976, p. 156. 6. ^{{harvnb|Francillon|1979|p=306.}} 7. ^{{harvnb|Francillon|1979|pp=306–307.}}
External links{{commons category|Kawanishi H6K}}
8 : Kawanishi aircraft|Japanese patrol aircraft 1930–1939|Flying boats|Four-engined tractor aircraft|Parasol-wing aircraft|World War II Japanese patrol aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1936|Four-engined piston aircraft |
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