| 词条 | Kay Starr | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Kay Starr |image = Kay Starr Billboard.jpg |caption = Kay Starr in a Billboard advertisement in 1945 |background = solo_singer |birth_name = Katherine Laverne Starks |birth_date = {{birth date|1922|7|21}} |birth_place = Dougherty, Oklahoma, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|2016|11|3|1922|7|21}} |death_place = Los Angeles, California |genre = Traditional pop, jazz, country |occupation = Singer |years_active = 1939–2016 |label = Capitol, RCA Victor }} Katherine Laverne Starks (July 21, 1922{{snd}}November 3, 2016), known professionally as Kay Starr, was an American pop and jazz singer who enjoyed considerable success in the late 1940s and 1950s. She is best remembered for introducing two songs that became No. 1 hits "Wheel of Fortune" in 1951 and "(The) Rock and Roll Waltz" in 1955. Starr was successful in every field of music she tried, such as jazz, pop, and country; but her roots were in jazz. Billie Holiday called her "the only white woman who could sing the blues."[1] Life and careerKay Starr was born Katherine Laverne Starks on a reservation in Dougherty, Oklahoma.[2] Her father, Harry, was an Iroquois native American; her mother, Annie, was of mixed Irish and Native American heritage.[2] When her father got a job installing water sprinkler systems for the Automatic Sprinkler Company, the family moved to Dallas. Her mother raised chickens, whom Starr serenaded in the coop. Her aunt Nora was impressed by her 7-year-old niece's singing and arranged for her to sing on a Dallas radio station, WRR. Starr finishing 3rd one week in a talent contest and placed first every week thereafter. She was given a 15-minute radio show. She sang pop and country songs with a piano accompaniment. By age 10 she was making $3 a night, which was quite a salary during the Great Depression. When Starr's father changed jobs, the family moved to Memphis, where she continued performing on the radio. She sang Western swing music, still mostly a mix of country and pop. While working for Memphis radio station WMPS, misspellings in her fan mail inspired her and her parents to change her name to "Kay Starr". At 15, she was chosen to sing with the Joe Venuti orchestra. Venuti had a contract to play in the Peabody Hotel in Memphis which called for his band to feature a girl singer, a performer he did not have at the time. Venuti's road manager heard Starr on the radio and recommended her although she was young and her parents insisted on a midnight curfew. In 1939, she worked with Bob Crosby and Glenn Miller, who hired her to replace the ill Marion Hutton. With Miller she recorded "Baby Me" and "Love with a Capital You". They were not a great success, in part because the band played in a key that, while appropriate for Hutton, did not suit Kay's vocal range.[3] After finishing high school, she moved to Los Angeles and signed with Wingy Manone's band. From 1943 to 1945 she sang with Charlie Barnet's ensemble, retiring for a year after contracting pneumonia and later developing nodes on her vocal cords as a result of fatigue and overwork. In 1946 Starr became a soloist and a year later signed a contract with Capitol Records. The label had a number of female singers signed up, including Peggy Lee, Ella Mae Morse, Jo Stafford, and Margaret Whiting, so it was hard to find her a niche of her own. In 1948 when the American Federation of Musicians was threatening a strike, Capitol wanted to have each of its singers record a back list for future release. Being junior to all these other artists meant that every song Starr wanted to sing was taken by her rivals on the label, leaving her a list of old songs which nobody else wanted to record. In 1950 she returned home to Dougherty and heard a fiddle recording of "Bonaparte's Retreat" by Pee Wee King. She liked it so much that she wanted to record it. She contacted Roy Acuff's publishing house in Nashville and spoke to Acuff directly. He was happy to let her record it, but it took a while for her to make clear that she was a singer, not a fiddler, and therefore needed to have some lyrics written. Acuff came up with a new lyric, and "Bonaparte's Retreat" became her biggest hit up to that point, with close to a million sales. In 1955, she signed with RCA Victor Records. However, at this time, rock-and-roll was displacing the existing forms of pop music and Kay had only two hits, the aforementioned, which is sometimes considered her attempt to sing rock and roll, and sometimes as a song poking fun at it, "The Rock and Roll Waltz". She stayed at RCA Victor until 1959, hitting the top ten with "My Heart Reminds Me", then returned to Capitol. Most of Starr's songs had jazz influences. Like those of Frankie Laine and Johnnie Ray, they were sung in a style that anticipated rock and roll songs. These included her hits "Wheel of Fortune" (her biggest hit, No. 1 for 10 weeks), "Side by Side",[4] "The Man Upstairs", and "Rock and Roll Waltz". One of her biggest hits was her version of "(Everybody's Waitin' For) The Man with the Bag", a Christmas song that became a holiday favorite.[5][6] After rock-and-roll swept older performers from the charts, Starr appeared in the television series Club Oasis, mostly associated with the bandleader Spike Jones. She recorded several albums, including Movin' (1959), Losers, Weepers… (1960), I Cry By Night (1962), and Just Plain Country (1962). After leaving Capitol for a second time in 1966, Starr continued touring in the US and the UK. She recorded several jazz and country albums on small independent labels, including How About This, a 1968 album with Count Basie. In the late 1980s she performed in the revue 3 Girls with Helen O'Connell and Margaret Whiting, and in 1993 she toured the United Kingdom as part of Pat Boone's April Love Tour. Her first live album, Live at Freddy's, was released in 1997. She sang with Tony Bennett on his album Bennett Sings the Blues (2001). Two of her songs, Powder Your Face with Sunshine and It's a Good Day, appeared in the 2007 movie Fido. Starr died on November 3, 2016 in Los Angeles at the age of 94 from complications of Alzheimer's disease.[7] DiscographyAlbums
Singles
References1. ^Clarke, Donald, Wishing on the Moon, The Life and Times of Billie Holiday (Viking, 1994), p. 429; Kunz, Mary, "A Mellower But Still Twinkling Kay Starr," Buffalo News, September 26, 2000. 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.members.tripod.com/~Kay_Starr/biography.html |title=Kay Starr biography |publisher=Members.tripod.com|accessdate=2011-08-03}} 3. ^The songs Starr sang were in Hutton's key and Starr said she sounded like "a jazzed up Alfalfa" since they weren't in her range. "'They would ask me, 'is that in your range? and I didn't know so I just said yes because I only knew two kinds of ranges-one of them you cooked on and the other was where the cows were.[...] I just loved music and I thought as long as I start and end with the band I've done my job." Kay Starr to Will Friedwald, A Biographical Guide to the Great Jazz and Pop Singers, 2010, New York, Pantheon Books, p. 443. 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19746/m1/ |title=Show 2 - Play a Simple Melody: American pop music in the early fifties. Part 2 |publisher=Digital.library.unt.edu|accessdate=2011-08-03}} 5. ^Order Christmas Records Now, The Billboard, December 9, 1950, page 17 6. ^There's Christmas in the Air, The Billboard, November 29, 1952, page 29. 7. ^{{cite web |last1=Belcher |first1=David |title=Kay Starr, Hillbilly Singer With Crossover Appeal, Dies at 94 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/arts/music/kay-starr-hillbilly-singer-with-crossover-appeal-dies-at-94.html |website=The New York Times |accessdate=21 July 2018 |language=en |date=3 November 2016}} 8. ^{{cite book| first= David| last= Roberts| year= 2006| title= British Hit Singles & Albums| edition= 19th| publisher= Guinness World Records Limited| location= London| isbn= 1-904994-10-5| page= 525}} Sylvester, B. (2003, May 16). Jazz sides: 10 questions for ... Kay Starr. Goldmine, 29, 26. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1499165 External links{{Commons}}{{Wikipedia books}}
15 : 1922 births|2016 deaths|American female jazz singers|American jazz singers|Big band singers|Capitol Records artists|RCA Victor artists|Deaths from Alzheimer's disease|Disease-related deaths in California|Native American singers|People from Murray County, Oklahoma|Singers from Oklahoma|Torch singers|Traditional pop music singers|Jazz musicians from Oklahoma |
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