| 词条 | Kazys Grinius |
| 释义 |
|name = Kazys Grinius |image = Kazys Grinius.jpg |order = 3rd President of Lithuania |term_start = 7 June 1926 |term_end = 17 December 1926 |predecessor = Aleksandras Stulginskis |successor = Jonas Staugaitis (Acting) |birth_date = {{birth date|1866|12|17|df=y}} |birth_place = Selema, Augustów Governorate, Russian Empire |death_date = {{death date and age|1950|6|4|1866|12|17|df=y}} |death_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |party = Lithuanian Popular Peasants' Union |spouse = Joana Pavalkytė-Griniuvienė Kristina Arsaitė-Grinienė |children = Liūtas Grinius (died 1989) |alma_mater = {{Moscow University|1893}} }}Kazys Grinius ({{IPA-lt|kɐˈzʲiːs ˈɡʲrʲɪnʲʊs||Kazys Grinius.ogg}}, 17 December 1866{{spaced ndash}}4 June 1950) was the third President of Lithuania, and held that office from 7 June 1926 to 17 December 1926.[1] Grinius was born in Selema, near Marijampolė, in the Augustów Governorate of Congress Poland, a part of the Russian Empire (present-day Lithuania). He studied medicine at the University of Moscow and became a physician. As a young man, he became involved in Lithuanian political activities, and was persecuted by the Tsarist authorities. In 1896, he was one of the founders of the Social Democratic Party of Lithuania (LSDP). That same year he married Joana Pavalkytė. For some time they lived in Virbalis. In 1899, their son Kazys was born, and in 1902, their daughter Gražina was born. During World War I they lived in Kislovodsk. In 1918, during a Red Army attack his wife and daughter were killed. They were buried in Kislovodsk cemetery. When Lithuania regained its independence in 1918, Grinius became a member of the National Assembly as a member of the Peasant Populist Party. He served as Prime Minister from 1920 until 1922, and signed a treaty with the Soviet Union. He was elected President by the Third Seimas, but served for only six months, as he was deposed in a coup led by Antanas Smetona, under the pretext that there was an imminent communist plot to take over Lithuania. (Smetona took the Presidency after two others held the office for less than a day each.) When Nazi Germany invaded Lithuania in 1941, Grinius refused to collaborate with the Germans because of his opposition to the occupation of Lithuania by any foreign power. He fled to the West, when the Soviet army reoccupied Lithuania in 1944, and emigrated to the United States in 1947.[1] He died in Chicago, Illinois in 1950.[1] After Lithuania regained its independence in 1990, his remains were returned and buried there. See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Kazys Grinius|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/246334/Kazys-Grinius|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=2009-10-17}} External links
}}{{succession box | before = Aleksandras Stulginskis | title = President of Lithuania | years = 7 June 1926 – 17 December 1926 | after = Jonas Staugaitis (acting)}}{{s-end}}{{Prime Ministers of Lithuania}}{{Leaders of Lithuania since 1919}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Grinius, Kazys}} 8 : 1866 births|1950 deaths|Lithuanian emigrants to the United States|Lithuanian physicians|Lithuanian socialists|People from Kazlų Rūda Municipality|Presidents of Lithuania|Prime Ministers of Lithuania |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。