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词条 Kafra
释义

  1. History

     Ottoman era  British mandate era 

  2. References

  3. Bibliography

  4. External links

{{about|the former Palestinian village in Palestine|the Syrian town|Kafra, Syria}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kafra
| native_name = كفرة
| native_name_lang = ar
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = Kafra1920.jpg
| image_caption = Kafra well, ca 1920
| etymology = "The village"[1]
| pushpin_map = Mandatory Palestine
| pushpin_mapsize = 200
| coordinates = {{coord|32|35|35|N|35|29|27|E|type:city_region:IL|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name = Palestine grid
| grid_position = 196/222
| subdivision_type = Geopolitical entity
| subdivision_name = Mandatory Palestine
| subdivision_type1 = Subdistrict
| subdivision_name1 = Baysan
| established_title1 = Date of depopulation
| established_date1 = May 16, 1948[2]
| established_title2 = Repopulated dates
| area_footnotes = [3]
| unit_pref = dunam
| area_total_dunam = 9,172
| population_as_of = 1945
| population_total = 430[3][4]
| blank_name_sec1 = Cause(s) of depopulation
| blank_info_sec1 = Influence of nearby town's fall
}}Kafra ({{lang-ar|كفرة}}), was a Palestinian Arab village located 10.5 kilometres north of Baysan. Built along both sides of the Wadi Kafra, the village had been known by this name since at least the time of the Crusades.[5] It was depopulated by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Palestine War on May 16, 1948.[2]

History

Adolf Neubauer connected it with a place mentioned in the Talmud, called Kefra.[6][7]

The Crusaders spelled it Cafra.[5]

Ottoman era

In 1875, Victor Guérin visited and found many basalt ruins, but the village itself was deserted.[8]

In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described the village as being "a ruined village with traces of antiquity. Dr. Tristram mentions it as inhabited in 1866, and containing drafted masonry, but the ruins do not appear important."[9]

British mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the Mandatory Palestine authorities, Kafra had a population of 273; all Muslims,[10] increasing slightly in the 1931 census to 298; all Muslims except 1 Christian, in a total of 81 houses.[11]

In the 1945 statistics, the population was 430 Muslims,[3] with a total of 9,172 dunams of land.[4] Of this, 36 dunams were for plantations and irrigated land, 7,284 for cereals,[12] while 18 were built-up land.[13]

References

1. ^Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/162/mode/1up 162]
2. ^1 Morris, 2004, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C&pg=PR17 xvii], village #118. Also gives cause of depopulation
3. ^1 Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 6
4. ^1 2 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 43
5. ^1 Khalidi, 1992, p. 52
6. ^Neubauer, 1868, p. [https://archive.org/stream/lagographiedutal00neub#page/277/mode/1up 277]
7. ^Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/100/mode/1up 100]
8. ^Guérin, 1880, p. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptiongogr01unkngoog#page/n141/mode/1up 128]
9. ^Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/119/mode/1up 119]
10. ^Barron, 1923, Table IX, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n33/mode/1up 31]
11. ^Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 79]
12. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 85
13. ^Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 134

Bibliography

{{ref begin}}
  • {{cite book | editor =Barron, J. B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|volume=2}}
  • {{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}}
  • {{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|authorlink=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptiongogr01unkngoog|volume=3: Galilee, pt. 1|year=1880|publisher= L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}}
  • {{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
  • {{cite book|title=All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first=W.|last=Khalidi|authorlink=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies|isbn=0-88728-224-5}}
  • {{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas |url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
  • {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uM_kFX6edX8C |first=B.|last=Morris |authorlink=Benny Morris |year=2004 |title=The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited|isbn=978-0-521-00967-6 |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
  • {{cite book|last= Neubauer|first=A.|authorlink=Adolf Neubauer |title=La géographie du Talmud : mémoire couronné par l'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres |url=https://archive.org/details/lagographiedutal00neub|year=1868|publisher=Lévy|location= Paris|language=French }}
  • {{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
{{refend}}

External links

  • Welcome To Kafra
  • Kafra, Zochrot
  • Survey of Western Palestine, Map 9: IAA, Wikimedia commons
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War}}

1 : Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
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