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词条 Kaipara (New Zealand electorate)
释义

  1. Population centres

  2. History

     Members of Parliament 

  3. Election results

     1943 election  1938 election  1935 election  1931 election  1928 election  1925 election  1922 election  1919 election  1914 election  1911 election 

  4. Notes

  5. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2015}}

Kaipara is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate north of Auckland that existed from 1902 to 1946, and from 1978 to 1996.

Population centres

The Representation Act 1900 had increased the membership of the House of Representatives from general electorates 70 to 76, and this was implemented through the 1902 electoral redistribution. In 1902, changes to the country quota affected the three-member electorates in the four main centres. The tolerance between electorates was increased to ±1,250 so that the Representation Commissions (since 1896, there had been separate commissions for the North and South Islands) could take greater account of communities of interest. These changes proved very disruptive to existing boundaries, and six electorates were established for the first time, including Kaipara, and two electorates that previously existed were re-established.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=67f}}

The electorate was rural and located north of Auckland city, in the North Auckland region.

History

The electorate was created for the {{NZ election link|1902}}, and abolished in 1946.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=265}} The first representative was the independent conservative Alfred Harding.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=202}} In the {{NZ election link|1905}}, Harding stood for the breakaway New Liberal Party, but was beaten by John Stallworthy of the Liberal Party.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|pp=202, 236}}

In the {{NZ election link|1911}}, Stallworthy was beaten by Gordon Coates, who was Prime Minister from 1925 to 1928, and who held the electorate until he died in May 1943.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=189}} As a (belated) wartime general election was to be held shortly, a by-election was postponed through the By-elections Postponement Act 1943,[1] and Clifton Webb succeeded Coates at the general election in September 1943.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=244}} When the Kaipara electorate was abolished in 1946, Webb successfully stood in the {{NZ electorate link|Rodney}} electorate.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|pp=244, 265}}

Kaipara was recreated in 1978,{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=265}} and again replaced by Rodney in 1996. Lockwood Smith then transferred to Rodney, and later became the Speaker of the House.

Members of Parliament

Key
Conservative (New Zealand)}}New Zealand Liberal Party}}Reform Party (New Zealand)}}
New Zealand National Party}}  Ind. National
ElectionWinner
1902}} Alfred Harding
1905}}John Stallworthy
1908}}
1911}}Gordon Coates
1914}}
1919}}
1922}}
1925}}
1928}}
1931}}
{{NZ election link|1935}}
New Zealand National Party}}
1938}}
1943}} Clifton Webb
(electorate abolished 1946–1978, see {{NZ electorate link|Rodney}})
1978}}Peter Wilkinson
1981}}
1984}}Lockwood Smith
1987}}
1990}}
1993}}
(electorate abolished 1996, see {{NZ electorate link|Rodney}})

Election results

1943 election

{{Election box begin | title=1943 general election: Kaipara[2][3]
}}
|color = #DDEEFF
|party = Independent National
|candidate = Clifton Webb
|votes = 4,950
|percentage = 56.77
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = John Stewart
|votes = 2,171
|percentage = 24.90
|change =
 }}  {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Percy MacGregor Stewart
|votes = 1,597
|percentage = 18.31
|change = -21.33
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 45
|percentage = 0.51
|change = -0.18
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 2,779
|percentage = 31.87
|change =
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 8,718
|percentage =
|change ={{Election box end}}

1938 election

{{Election box begin | title=1938 general election: Kaipara[4][5]
}}
|party = New Zealand National Party
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 5,414
|percentage = 57.62
|change = +8.78
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = Percy MacGregor Stewart
|votes = 3,725
|percentage = 39.64
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Country Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = James Scott-Davidson
|votes = 257
|percentage = 2.74
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 65
|percentage = 0.69
|change = -0.74
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 1,689
|percentage = 17.98
|change = +14.87{{Election box turnout
|votes = 9,461
|percentage = 92.85
|change = +3.17
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 10,190{{Election box end}}

1935 election

{{Election box begin | title=1935 general election: Kaipara[6]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 4,738
|percentage = 48.84
|change = -14.30
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Independent politician
|candidate = William Grounds
|votes = 4,436
|percentage = 45.72
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Democrat Party (1934)
|candidate = John Caughley
|votes = 528
|percentage = 5.44
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 141
|percentage = 1.45
|change = +1.06
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 302
|percentage = 3.11
|change = -23.16
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 9,702
|percentage = 89.68
|change = +5.21
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 10,818{{Election box end}}

1931 election

{{Election box begin | title=1931 general election: Kaipara[7]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 5,008
|percentage = 63.14
|change = -2.52
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Country Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Albert Edward Robinson[8]
|votes = 2,924
|percentage = 36.86
|change =
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 2,084
|percentage = 26.27
|change = -5.04
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 23
|percentage = 0.29
|change = -1.10{{Election box turnout
|votes = 7,955
|percentage = 84.47
|change = -3.38
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 9,418{{Election box end}}

1928 election

{{Election box begin | title=1928 general election: Kaipara[9]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 5,190
|percentage = 65.65
|change = -14.22
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = James Gillespie Barclay
|votes = 2,715
|percentage = 34.35
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 111
|percentage = 1.38
|change = -0.10
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 2,475
|percentage = 31.31
|change = -29.92{{Election box turnout
|votes = 8,016
|percentage = 87.85
|change = -1.07
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 9,125{{Election box end}}

1925 election

{{Election box begin | title=1925 general election: Kaipara[10]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 6,307
|percentage = 79.87
|change = +14.42
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = Bill Barnard
|votes = 1,472
|percentage = 18.64
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 117
|percentage = 1.48
|change = +0.15
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 4,835
|percentage = 61.23
|change = +28.98
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 7,896
|percentage = 89.82
|change = +0.04
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 8,790{{Election box end}}

1922 election

{{Election box begin | title=1922 general election: Kaipara[11]{{sfn|McRobie |1989 |pp=83f}}{{sfn|Hislop|1923|pp=1–6}}
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 5,001
|percentage = 65.45
|change = -13.53
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = Robert Hornblow
|votes = 2,537
|percentage = 33.20
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 102
|percentage = 1.33
|change = -2.38
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 2,464
|percentage = 32.25
|change = -29.43
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 7,640
|percentage = 88.88
|change = +11.24
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 8,595{{Election box end}}

1919 election

{{Election box begin | title=1919 general election: Kaipara[12]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 4,214
|percentage = 78.98
|change = +19.77
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Labour Party
|candidate = Alfred Gregory
|votes = 923
|percentage = 17.30
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 198
|percentage = 3.71
|change = +2.20
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 3,291
|percentage = 61.68
|change = +43.28
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 5,335
|percentage = 77.64
|change = -8.19
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 6,871{{Election box end}}

1914 election

{{Election box begin | title=1914 general election: Kaipara[13]
}}
|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 3,596
|percentage = 59.21
|change = +3.52
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = Richard Hoe
|votes = 2,478
|percentage = 40.79
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 92
|percentage = 1.51
|change = 1.29
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 1,118
|percentage = 18.40
|change = +6.80
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 6,074
|percentage = 85.83
|change = +7.63
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 7,076{{Election box end}}

1911 election

{{Election box begin | title=1911 general election: Kaipara, Second ballot[14]
}}
|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 2,744
|percentage = 55.69
|change = +19.32
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = John Stallworthy
|votes = 2,172
|percentage = 44.08
|change = -1.33
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 11
|percentage = 0.22
|change = -1.26
 }} {{Election box majority

|votes = 572
|percentage = 11.60
|change =
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 4,927
|percentage = 78.20
|change = -2.22{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=1911 general election: Kaipara, First ballot[14]
}}
|party = New Zealand Liberal Party
|candidate = John Stallworthy
|votes = 2,301
|percentage = 45.41
|change =
 }} {{Election box winning candidate with party link

|party = Independent politician
|candidate = Gordon Coates
|votes = 1,843
|percentage = 36.37
|change =
 }} {{Election box candidate with party link

|party = Reform Party (New Zealand)
|candidate = Edward Thurlow Field
|votes = 848
|percentage = 16.73
|change =
 }} {{Election box informal

|votes = 75
|percentage = 1.48
|change =
 }} {{Election box turnout

|votes = 5,067
|percentage = 80.42
|change =
 }} {{Election box Registered electors

|reg. electors = 6,300{{Election box end}}

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|title=By-elections Postponement Act 1943 (7 GEO VI 1943 No 7) |url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/legis/hist_act/bpa19437gv1943n7379/ |publisher=Parliamentary Counsel Office |accessdate=16 May 2017}}
2. ^{{cite web |title = The General Election, 1943 |url = http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1944-I.2.2.5.37 |publisher = National Library |accessdate = 28 March 2014 |page = |year = 1944}}
3. ^{{cite news | title=Electoral | url= https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19431013.2.49.6 | accessdate=15 May 2017 | work=The New Zealand Herald | volume=80 | issue=24713 | date=13 October 1943 | page=5}}
4. ^{{cite web |title = The General Election, 1938 |url = http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1939-I.2.3.2.36 |publisher = National Library |accessdate = 30 November 2014 |page = 3 |year = 1939}}
5. ^{{cite news |title=Electoral |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19381029.2.218.6 |accessdate=30 November 2014 |work=The New Zealand Herald |volume=LXXV |issue=23181 |date=29 October 1938 |page=25}}
6. ^{{cite book |title=The New Zealand Official Year-Book |year=1936 |publisher=Government Printer |url=http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1936/NZOYB_1936.html#idsect1_1_322199 |accessdate=3 August 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120501063847/http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1936/NZOYB_1936.html#idsect1_1_322199 |archivedate=1 May 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
7. ^{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1931 |year=1932 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1932-I-II.2.3.2.31 |page=3 |accessdate=2 November 2014}}
8. ^{{cite news |title=Notice of Nominations received and Polling Places appointed |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=ROTWKG19311125.2.24.2 |accessdate=21 November 2014 |work=Rodney and Otamatea Times, Waitemata and Kaipara Gazette |date=25 November 1931 |page=7}}
9. ^{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1928 |year=1929 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1929-I.2.3.2.37 |page=3 |accessdate=19 July 2015}}
10. ^{{cite book |title=The General Election, 1925 |year=1926 |publisher=Government Printer |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1926-I.2.2.6.39 |page=2 |accessdate=20 November 2014}}
11. ^{{cite book |title=The New Zealand Official Year-Book |year=1924 |publisher=Government Printer |url=http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1924/NZOYB_1924.html#idsect1_1_19979 |accessdate=24 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121065001/http://www3.stats.govt.nz/New_Zealand_Official_Yearbooks/1924/NZOYB_1924.html#idsect1_1_19979 |archivedate=21 January 2015 |df=dmy-all }}
12. ^{{cite book |first1=J. |last1=Hislop |title=The General Election, 1919 |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1921-I-II.2.3.2.45 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=6 December 2014 |pages=1–6 | year=1921}}
13. ^{{cite book |first1=J. |last1=Hislop |title=The General Election, 1914 |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1915-I.2.3.2.36 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=1 August 2013 |pages=1–33 | year=1915}}
14. ^1 {{cite web |title=The General Election, 1911 |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1912-II.2.4.2.20 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=1 August 2013 |pages=1–14 | year=1912}}

References

  • {{cite book |ref=harv |title=Electoral Atlas of New Zealand |last=McRobie |first=Alan |year=1989 |publisher=GP Books |location=Wellington |isbn=0-477-01384-8}}
  • {{cite book |ref= harv |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4th |origyear=First published in 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc= 154283103}}
{{Historic electorates of New Zealand | state=collapsed}}

6 : New Zealand electorates in the Auckland Region|Historic electorates of New Zealand|1902 establishments in New Zealand|1946 disestablishments in New Zealand|1996 disestablishments in New Zealand|1978 establishments in New Zealand
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