| 词条 | Kakwa language | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Cacua | altname = Kakua, Kakwa | nativename = | states = Colombia (Vaupés), Brazil (Amazonas) | ethnicity = | speakers = 400 | date = 2010 | ref = e18 | refname = Cacua | familycolor = American | fam1 = Nadahup ? | fam2 = Nukak | script = Latin | iso3 = cbv | iso3comment = Cacua [1] | glotto = cacu1241 | glottorefname = Kakua }} The Cacua[1][4] language, also known as Kakua or Kakwa, is an indigenous language spoken by a few hundred people in Colombia and Brazil. There are many monolinguals, especially children. Apart from being close to or a dialect of Nukak, its classification is uncertain. OverviewThe language is spoken by indigenous American Cacua people that live in Colombian and Brazilian[2] interfluvial tropical forests higher than {{convert|200|m|ft}} in elevation. The people have traditional livelihoods such as nomadic hunting-gathering and swidden agriculture. There are some non-native speakers of Cacua that are predominantly missionary workers. Their presence has resulted in the translation of religious Christian texts, notably the Christian Bible.[3] Bilingualism and literacyReports gathered by SIL in 1982 stated that many speakers are monolingual, particularly children. Another promising aspect is that even though literacy is low by international standards, it is higher in the aboriginal language, at around 10%, compared to 5% in Spanish, the opposite situation of most indigenous languages of the Americas. Cacua uses a Latin alphabet. RangeThe speakers are located in Wacara (In Cacua: Wacará) which is {{convert|30|km|mi}} from Mitu (In Cacua and Spanish: Mitú) in the lower Vaupes Region. (In Spanish: Departamento del Vaupés). GrammarThe language uses both subject-object-verb and object-verb-subject word order. Sample text in CacuaDed pah jwiít jwĩ jwíih cãac cha pahatji naáwát[4] ClassificationThere are two dialects: Vaupés Cacua and Macú-Paraná Cacua. Cacua is mutually intelligible with Nukak, and is considered a dialect of the latter by Martins (1999). See that article for further classification. Other names for this language include: Báda, Cakua, Kákwa, Macu de Cubeo, Macu de Desano, Macu de Guanano, Macú-Paraná, Wacara. PhonologyKakwa has 6 vowels: /a, e, i, ɨ, o, u/.[5]
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=cbv |title=Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: cbv |publisher=ISO 639-3 Registration Authority - SIL International |access-date=2017-07-03 |quote=Name: Cacua}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://globalrecordings.net/langcode/CBV |title=Cacua entry |publisher=Global Recordings}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kidsinministry.org/missionadventures/bogota.php |title=Bogota Explosion! |publisher=Kids Ministry International |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022131509/http://www.kidsinministry.org/missionadventures/bogota.php |archive-date=2007-10-22 |quote=Cacua language}} 4. ^Ded pah jwiít jwĩ jw... 1997 {{cbv icon}}, Ethnologue 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~saphon/|title=SAPhon – South American Phonological Inventories|website=linguistics.berkeley.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-08-09}} External links
5 : Languages of Colombia|Languages of Brazil|Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas|Nadahup languages|Kakua-Nukak languages |
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