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词条 Kenneth Pendar
释义

  1. References

  2. Further reading

{{Orphan|date=February 2009}}Kenneth W. Pendar was a United States diplomat who served as Vice-Consul in Marrakech and Casablanca in 1942 and 1943.[1][2] He has published his memoirs, where he recounts his wartime experiences and activities, in two books, Adventure in Diplomacy: Our French Dilemma[3] and Adventure in Diplomacy (World War II).[4]

Pendar served as a second to American diplomat Robert Murphy in Algiers during Operation Torch in November 1942. He was instrumental in helping to arrange a ceasefire between French and invading Allied forces, which produced the controversial "Darlan deal." Murphy and American commander, General Mark Clark, accepted the continuing authority of Admiral François Darlan, the commander of all Vichy French military forces at the time. The acceptance of the continued authority of the Vichy regime under Marshal Philippe Pétain in North Africa was very controversial at the time and badly received by the public in Allied countries, especially Britain. Free-French leader Charles de Gaulle, who was excluded from any role in Operation Torch, was especially upset by the "deal." Pendar acted as a liaison with the pro-Allied (but not Gaullist) underground in Algiers before and during the Allied invasion. He was unable to keep most of them out of jail after the agreement to a ceasefire.[5]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|title=Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Man of the Century |author=William J. vanden Heuvel |date=2002-04-04 |url=http://www.feri.org/common/news/details.cfm?QID=954&clientid=11005 |publisher=The Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt Institute |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061009150914/http://www.feri.org/common/news/details.cfm?QID=954&clientid=11005 |archivedate=2006-10-09 |df= }}
2. ^{{cite web|work=WORLD WAR II PLUS 55 |title=World War II Notes: November 8, 1942 (Operation Torch) |author=David H. Lippman |url=http://www.usswashington.com/dl08no42.htm |date=2003-11-05 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060910112409/http://usswashington.com/dl08no42.htm |archivedate=September 10, 2006 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite book|isbn=1-932512-00-4|title=Adventure in Diplomacy: Our French Dilemma|author=Kenneth W. Pendar|publisher=Simon Publications|date=May 2003}}
4. ^{{cite book|isbn=0-306-70774-8|title=Adventure in Diplomacy (World War II)|author=Kenneth W. Pendar|publisher=Da Capo Press|date=June 1976}}
5. ^{{cite book|isbn=1-932512-00-4|title=Adventure in Diplomacy: Our French Dilemma|author=Kenneth W. Pendar|publisher=Simon Publications|date=May 2003}} pp. 103-120

Further reading

  • {{cite book|author=Winks, Robin W.|title=Cloak and Gown: Scholars in the Secret War, 1939-1961|location=New York|publisher=William Morrow|year=1987|isbn=0-688-07300-X}}
  • {{cite journal|title=Review of The United States and Morocco, 1776-1956 by Luella J. Hall|author=Leon B. Blair|journal=American Historical Review|volume=76|issue=4|date=October 1971|pages=1219–1220|doi=10.2307/1849360|publisher=American Historical Association|last2=Hall|first2=Luella J.|jstor=1849360}}
  • {{cite journal|title=The United States and Moroccan International Status, 1943–1956: A Contributory Factor in Morocco's Reassertion of Independence from France|author=Benjamin Rivlin|journal=International Journal of African Historical Studies|volume=15|issue=1|year=1982|pages=64–82|doi=10.2307/218449|publisher=Boston University African Studies Center|jstor=218449}}
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3 : American diplomats|Year of death missing|Year of birth missing
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