| 词条 | Kamaishi Line | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| box_width = | name = Kamaishi Line | color = 3399ff | logo = | logo_width = | image = Route 283 and Kamaishi Line.jpg | image_width = 300px | caption = A Kamaishi Line train running alongside Route 283 | type = Regional rail | system = | status = | locale = Iwate Prefecture, Japan | start = {{STN|Hanamaki}} | end = {{STN|Kamaishi}} | stations = 24 | routes = | daily_ridership = | open = | close = | owner = | operator = JR East | character = | depot = | stock = | linelength = {{convert|90.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} | tracklength = | tracks = | gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm|lk=on}} | electrification = None | speed = | elevation = | map = | map_state = }} |} The {{Nihongo|Kamaishi Line|釜石線|Kamaishi-sen}} is a {{convert|90.2|km|mi|abbr=on}} rural railway line in Iwate Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Hanamaki Station in the city of Hanamaki with Kamaishi Station in the city of Kamaishi. StationsAll stations are in Iwate Prefecture.
Closed stations
Rolling stockKamaishi Line services are operated using KiHa 110 series diesel trains. From 12 April 2014, a newly formed SL Ginga "Joyful Train" (excursion train) began operating on the line at weekends using the restored JNR Class C58 steam locomotive C58 239 together with a train of four modified former KiHa 141 series diesel cars purchased from JR Hokkaido (themselves rebuilt from earlier 50 series passenger coaches and made surplus to requirements following the electrification of the Sasshō Line).[2][3][4] The diesel cars provide additional power to cope with the line's gradients.[3] The coach design work was overseen by industrial designer Ken Okuyama.[3] Former rolling stockFollowing the full opening of the line in 1950, passenger and freight services on the line were hauled by JNR Class D50 2-8-2 steam locomotives, necessary to negotiate the steep gradients on the line of up 25 ‰.[7] A couple of JNR Class 8620 steam locomotives were also used for shunting at Kamaishi Station. JNR Class C58 2-6-2 steam locomotives were also used on both passenger and freight services running to and from the Yamada Line. Six JNR Class D51 2-8-2 steam locomotives were subsequently transferred to the line, displacing some of the earlier D50s, but steam haulage on the line was entirely replaced by diesel haulage from March 1967.[7] HistoryThe precursor to the line opened in 1915 as the {{nihongo|Iwate Light Railway|岩手軽便鉄道}}, a {{RailGauge|762mm}} light railway extending 65.4 km from {{STN|Hanamaki}} to {{nihongo|Sennintōge Station|仙人峠}}.[5] The original plan was to link with Kamaishi Mine and Kamaishi Port, but at an altitude of 887m, the mountain pass at Sennintōge prevented immediate expansion eastward to Kamaishi. A ropeway conveyor was used to convey goods onward to Ōhashi, from where a 16 km 762mm (2'6") gauge mining railway (which operated between 1915 and 1965) provided the service to Kamaishi.[5] The railway was nationalized in August 1936, and the line became the "Kamaishi Line". Motive power for the line was provided by six JNR Class 231 steam locomotives, built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in the USA, and numbered 231 to 236.[5] Work started on upgrading and re-gauging the line, and the first section, the 31.2 km from Hanamaki to {{STN|Kashiwagidaira}} was regauged to the standard Japanese track gauge of {{RailGauge|1067mm}} and re-opened from September 1943. The mining railway between {{STN|Rikuchū-Ōhashi}} and Kamaishi was also upgraded to {{RailGauge|1067mm|disp=1}} gauge by October 1944 to meet the urgent need for increased capacity to transport iron ore during the war period, and was named the {{Nihongo|Kamaishi East Line|釜石東線|Kamaishi-Higashi-sen}}. The entire 90.2 km line was finally completed between Hanamaki and Kamaishi in June 1950, opening to traffic on 10 October of that year. References1. ^{{cite book |title = 日本国有鉄道停車場一覧 |trans-title= JNR Station Directory | publisher = Japanese National Railways | year = 1985 | location = Japan | page = 555| isbn = 4-533-00503-9}} {{commons category}}{{East Japan Railway Company Lines}}2. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2013/20131103.pdf|script-title=ja:東北で復活するＳＬによる新しい列車「ＳＬ銀河」 |trans-title= New "SL Ginga" train using restored steam locomotive in Tohoku|date= 6 November 2013|work= News release|publisher= East Japan Railway Company|location= Japan|language= Japanese|format= pdf|archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= 6 November 2013}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2012/10/12/180000.html|title= JR東日本，C58 239を復元|trans-title= JR East to restore C58 239|date= 12 October 2012|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= Japanese|archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= 12 October 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web |url= http://railf.jp/news/2014/04/14/180500.html|title= "SL銀河"が営業運転を開始|trans-title= "SL Ginga" enters revenue service|date= 14 April 2014|work= Japan Railfan Magazine Online|publisher= Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location= Japan|language= Japanese|archiveurl= |archivedate= |accessdate= 15 April 2014}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite magazine|last = Miyata|first = Hiroyuki|script-title=ja:釜石線ショートヒストリー ～路線と蒸気機関車～|trans-title= A short history of the Kamaishi Line: The line and steam locomotives|magazine=Japan Railfan Magazine |volume = 54|issue = 638|pages=24–25|publisher = Koyusha Co., Ltd.|location = Japan |language= Japanese|date = June 2014}} 4 : Lines of East Japan Railway Company|1067 mm gauge railways in Japan|Rail transport in Iwate Prefecture|Railway lines opened in 1915 |
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