| 词条 | Kanonersky Tunnel |
| 释义 |
|name = Kanonersky Tunnel |image = Kanonerskiy tunnel.jpg |caption = Underwater part of a tunnel |location = Kirovsky District of Saint-Petersburg, Russia |coordinates = {{coord|59|54|13|N|30|13|28|E|display=inline, title}} |route = |status = |start = Dvinskaya street of Gutuevsky Iseland |end = Kanonersky Island |startwork = 1970[1] |opened = 29 July 1983[2] |closed = 1983 (three months) |owner = Saint Petersburg City Administration |operator = SUE "Mostotrest"[1] |traffic = Automotive |character = City automobile movement |toll = |vpd = 1500[1] |construction = 1970-1983[1] |length = {{Convert|927|m|ft}},[3] {{Nowrap|{{Convert|647|m|ft}} (between portals)}} |lanes = One in each part |speed = {{Convert|60|km/h|mi/h}} |hielevation = |lowelevation = |height = |width = {{Convert|8.5|m|ft}} (roadway) |grade = }}{{Cleanup-translation|Russian}} Kanonersky Tunnel ({{Lang-ru|Канонерский тоннель}}[4]) is a tunnel under the Sea Canal[5] in the Kirovsky District of Saint-Petersburg. The tunnel provides a link between Kanonersky Island and Dvinskaya Street on Gutuevsky Island. A new toll road, the central section of which is still under construction, will soon provide a north-south corridor over the island.[6] HistoryKanonersky Island is an industrial area of St. Petersburg, home mostly to large shipbuilding enterprises. Before 1983, the only way to get to this location was through a ferry ride across the Morskoy Sea Canal (it was the last ferry line of Saint Petersburg) or a private boat. The crossing was also necessary for the transportation of cargo from Big port Saint Petersburg.[7] The tunnel project was prepared by Lengiprotrans[2] while the building work was carried out by Giprostroymost.[8] Geodetic maintenance of the building was assigned to the Petersburg State University of Means of Communication.[9] The Tunnel was built using a method of buried sections: in the preliminary trench five identical sections were laid, each of which had a length of {{Convert|75|m|ft}} and weighed about {{Convert|8000|t|ST}}. The length of the site dipping sections totalled {{Convert|375|m|ft}}. For the building of the sections on the bank of the Sea Canal, the original dock-sluice was constructed. After sluicing the created sections, the end faces were closed by metal partitions. They were counterbalanced by water and transported along the Sea Canal to the place of immersion. They were then joined to an earlier established section, forming a uniform design. For the control of the immersion, divers worked underwater.[8] The full length of the tunnel was {{Convert|927|m|ft}}.[3] The tunnel has two lanes and a footpath. Along with cables for electrical supply and communication; water supply and central heating pipes connect Kanonersky Island with the city.[10] OperationPeriodically water gets into the tunnel because of defects in the waterproofing. After a soft opening of the tunnel, it was closed again for three months to complete major repairs.[3] In 2004, Lengiprotrans repair work was also carried out.[2] In 2006, there was a mooring damaged over the tunnel, from it the tunnel was also damaged.[11] At the end of June 2009, tunnel repair was again required, after it was determined that the drainage system needed a replacement.[12] Serious failures in the tunnel are rare because of low speeds. Repair of the damages can, however, take some time.[13] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.spbgid.ru/index.php?news=2536|script-title=ru:Уникальный ремонт подводного тоннеля на Канонерский остров через Морской канал в Санкт-Петербурге будет закончен в конце 2002 года|date=2001-08-16|publisher=Saint Petersburg Business Guide|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia}} {{Tunnels in Saint Petersburg}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.lenmgt.ru/object/|title=Lengiprotrans: objects|publisher=Lengiprotrans|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Russia}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last=Kelner|first=Irina|author2=Alexei Kuznetsov|year=2004|journal=Адреса Петербурга [Addresses of Petersburg]|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia|trans-title=Kanonersky Island |script-title=ru:Часть города / Канонерский остров|url=http://www.adresaspb.ru/arch/adresa_10/10_017/10_17.htm|accessdate=2009-11-04|language=Russian}} 4. ^This is an informal name, but used by inhabitants, mass-media and state structures 5. ^{{cite web|title=Kanonersky Tunnel|url=http://gpsm.narod.ru/Projects/Kanonersky.htm|accessdate=5 December 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Parameters WHSD|url=Большой порт Санкт-Петербург,|accessdate=5 December 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Part of the City/Gunboat Island|url=http://www.adresaspb.ru/arch/adresa_10/10_017/10_17.htm|accessdate=5 December 2016}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://gpsm.narod.ru/Projects/Kanonersky.htm|script-title=ru:Канонерский тоннель г.Санкт-Петербурге|work=Projects: Tunnels|publisher=Giprostroymost|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.pgups.ru/portal/page/portal/group_for_pgups/chairs/15?code=15&parent_code=03|script-title=ru:Кафедра "Инженерная геодезия"|publisher=Petersburg State University of Means of Communication|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.lawmix.ru/articles.php?id=782|script-title=ru:К владычице морской как уплыл за границу канонерский завод|last=Tumakova|first=Irina|publisher=Lawmix.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.1917.com/WM/07-05/1121928093.html|script-title=ru:Не спекулируйте, господа|last=Timofeev|first=E. P.|publisher=www.1917.com|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://karpovka.net/2009/06/30/6559/|script-title=ru:Предстоящей ночью ограничат движение в Канонерском тоннеле|date=2009-06-30|work=Roads|publisher=Karpovka.net|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.fontanka.ru/2006/10/05/176278/|script-title=ru:Фоторепортаж с места аварии в Канонерском тоннеле. Сейчас движение уже открыто|date=2006-10-05|work=Incindents|publisher=fontanka.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=2009-11-04|location=Saint Petersburg, Russia}} 2 : Transport in Saint Petersburg|Tunnels completed in 1983 |
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