| 词条 | Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe |
| 释义 |
| name = Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe | image = India north.jpg | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe near Ladakh, India | country = India | country1 = China | country2 = Afghanistan | country3 = Pakistan | border = Pamir alpine desert and tundra | border1 = North Tibetan Plateau-Kunlun Mountains and alpine desert | border2 = Central Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe | border3 = Western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows | border4 = Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows | border5 = Paropamisus xeric woodlands | bird_species = 172[1] | mammal_species = 45[1] | habitat_loss = 1.4065 | habitat_loss_ref = [1] | protected = 18.28 | protected_ref = [1] | area = 143300 | biome = Montane grasslands and shrublands | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = }} The Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe is a montane grasslands and shrublands ecoregion found in parts of Pakistan, China, Afghanistan, and India. SettingThe Karakoram-West Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe is an area of high-elevation grasslands covering {{convert|143300|sqkm|mi2}}. It is centered on the Karakoram Range, west of the Himalaya Range. It also includes nearby ranges, such as the Ladakh Range. ClimateThe mean annual precipitation in the ecoregion varies from {{convert|200|to|900|mm|in}}, 90 percent in the form of snow. FloraMost of this ecoregion consists of grasslands and herbaceous plants. Protected slopes and ravines contains Salix denticulata, Mertensia tibetica, Potentilla desertorum, Juniperus polycarpus, Polygonum viviparum, Berberis pachyacantha, Rosa webbiana, and Spiraea lycoides. Where vegetation ceases to grow, around {{convert|4500|m|ft}}, are found Delphinium cashmerianum, Glechoma tibetica, Silene longicarpophora, Potentilla fruticosa, and Nepeta spp. Shrublands and woodlands are found in valley bottoms. These include Hippophae rhamnoides, Myricaria elegans, Salix viminalis, Capparis spinosa, Tribulus terrestris, Pegamum harmala, Sophora alopecuroides, and Lycium ruthenicum. A few remnant steppe forests of Juniperus macropoda and Juniperus indica are still found here. FaunaSheep in this ecoregion include the Marco Polo sheep, Tibetan argali, and urial. Goats include the markhor and ibex. The sheep and goats, as well as smaller mammals, make this ecoregion excellent habitat for the snow leopard. Both the brown bear and Himalayan black bear are found here. Bird species richness is low. Common birds include Guldenstadt's redstart, Himalayan monal, rosefinches, raptors, and vultures. ConservationMuch of the montane habitat in this ecoregion lies in protected areas. These include
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last1 = Hoekstra |first1 = J. M. |last2 = Molnar |first2 = J. L. |last3 = Jennings |first3 = M. |last4 = Revenga |first4 = C. |last5 = Spalding |first5 = M. D. |last6 = Boucher |first6 = T. M. |last7 = Robertson |first7 = J. C. |last8 = Heibel |first8 = T. J. |last9 = Ellison |first9 = K. |title = The Atlas of Global Conservation: Changes, Challenges, and Opportunities to Make a Difference |publisher = University of California Press |editor1-last = Molnar |editor1-first = J. L. |year = 2010 |isbn = 978-0-520-26256-0 |url=http://www.nature.org/multimedia/maps/ }} External links
12 : Montane grasslands and shrublands|Ecoregions of the Himalayas|Ecoregions of Pakistan|Ecoregions of China|Ecoregions of India|Biota of China|Biota of India|Biota of Pakistan|Biota of Afghanistan|Flora of Tibet|Palearctic ecozone|Ecoregions of Afghanistan |
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