| 词条 | Karun-4 Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Karun-4 Dam | image = Karun4.JPG | image_caption = The dam under construction | name_official = | dam_crosses = Karun River | location = Chahārmahāl-o-Bakhtiyārī Iran | dam_type = | dam_length = {{Convert|440|m|ft|abbr=on}} | dam_height = {{Convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}} | dam_width_base = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = {{Convert|6150|m3/s|ft3/s|abbr=on}} | construction_began = 1997 | opening = 2010 | cost = 1.2 billion dollars | owner = | operator = IWPRDC | res_name = Reservoir | res_capacity_total = {{Convert|2190000000|m3|acre.ft|abbr=on}} | res_catchment = {{Convert|12813.4|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} | res_surface = {{Convert|29|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | plant_operator = | plant_turbines = 4 x 255 MW Francis-type[1] | plant_capacity = 1,020 MW | plant_annual_gen = | plant_commission =2010-2011 | plant_decommission = | location_map =Iran | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|31|35|58|N|50|28|20|E|type:landmark_region:IR|display=inline,title}} | website = | extra = }} The Karun-4 Dam is an arch dam on the Karun River located at 180 km southwest of Shahr-e-Kord in the province of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran.[2] The Karun has the highest discharge of all the Iranian rivers.[3] Its construction is aimed at electric power supply of 2107 million kWh annually and controlling floods in the upper Karun. The dam is a concrete double curvature arch-type and {{convert|230|m}} high from the foundation.[2] The arch dam design is an ideal one for a dam built in a narrow, rocky gorge to hold back water in a reservoir. The dam is curved. Because of the arch shape, the force of the backed up water presses downward against the dam and has the effect of strengthening the dam foundation. The dam withholds a reservoir with a surface area of {{convert|29|km2|sqmi}} and capacity of {{convert|2.19|km3|acre.ft}}.[4] The dam's first study was conducted in 1995 and river diversion began in 1997. Concrete pouring began in 2006 and the power plant began producing electricity in November 2010.[5][6] On December 11, 2010, the second generator for the dam became operational and was connected to the grid. The dam will eventually have an installed capacity of 1,020 MW.[7] The dam was inaugurated on 6 July 2011 by Iranian President Mahmood Ahmadinejad.[8] ObjectivesIt was built to fulfill the followings:
CostThe dam construction was costed 8600 billion Rials financed by public resources including national and local budget, domestic banks facilities, bonds, as well as foreign facilities (finance, loan, etc.).Initial estimate of annual income from the electricity production amounted to 1353 billion Rials (642 Rials per kilo watt hour). Build Contractor1. Daelim (Korea) + Sato (Japan): Main Civil Works 2. Ilbau (Austria) + Forman (Iran): Preconstruction Works 3. Machine Sazi Arak (Iran): Hydraulic Steel Structures 4. Farab (Iran) + Harbin (China): Mechanical Equipment 5. Farab (Iran) + Elin (Austria): Electrical I&C and HVAC Equipment 6. IEO (Iran): GIS Switchgear See also{{stack|{{Portal|Iran|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Hydroelectric Power Plants in Iran|url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-iran.htm|publisher=IndustCards|accessdate=21 February 2013}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{KarunRiverDams}}{{Commons category|Karun-4 Dam}}2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.iwpco.com/doc-html-FA/karun4.htm/|title=Basic information|accessdate=2008-06-08 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080628103819/http://www.iwpco.com/doc-html-FA/karun4.htm/ |archivedate = 2008-06-28}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.karun3.com/history/?item=1|title=Dam history|accessdate=2008-06-08|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706005450/http://www.karun3.com/history/?item=1|archivedate=2008-07-06|df=}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/dam/basics.html|title=Dam basics|accessdate=2008-06-08}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://english.irib.ir/index.php/news/political/32317-karoun-4-dam-launched-into-operation |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-04-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722015134/http://english.irib.ir/index.php/news/political/32317-karoun-4-dam-launched-into-operation |archivedate=2011-07-22 |df= }} 6. ^http://en.iwpco.ir/Lists/News/DispForm.aspx?ID=33 7. ^{{cite web|title=News: Second Unit of Karun 4 Joins Iran’s National Network|url=http://en.iwpco.ir/Lists/News/DispForm.aspx?ID=94|publisher=IPWCO|accessdate=30 January 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=News: Self-sufficiency in Dam construction; Karun4 Dam Inaugurated|url=http://en.iwpco.ir/Lists/News/DispForm.aspx?ID=117|publisher=Iran Water and Power Resources Development Co.|accessdate=3 September 2011}} 10 : Hydroelectric power stations in Iran|Reservoirs in Iran|Buildings and structures in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province|Dams in Iran|Dams completed in 2010|Arch dams|Dams on the Karun River|Energy infrastructure completed in 2011|2011 establishments in Iran|Tourist attractions in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province |
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