| 词条 | Kežmarok |
| 释义 |
| name = Kežmarok | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = Kezmarok11.jpg | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_shield = Coa_Slovakia_Town_Kežmarok.svg | motto = | nickname = | etymology = "cheese market" | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Slovakia | subdivision_type1 = | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = Prešov | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name3 = Kežmarok | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Slovakia | pushpin_relief = | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Kežmarok in Slovakia | coordinates = {{coord|49|08|01|N|20|25|35|E|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Ján Ferenčák | established_title = First mentioned | established_date = 1251 | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 24.83 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 626 | elevation_ft = | population_as_of = 31 December 2014 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 16636 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi= | population_demonym = | timezone1 = CET | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = CEST | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 06001 | area_code_type = | area_code = +421-52 | geocode = | iso_code = | blank_name = Car plate | blank_info = KK | website = www.kezmarok.sk | footnotes = Sources:[1][2] }} Kežmarok (German: Kesmark/Käsmark, {{lang-hu|Késmárk}}, {{lang-pl|Kieżmark}}, Latin: Kesmarkium) is a town in the Spiš region of eastern Slovakia (population 17,000), on the Poprad River. HistorySettlement at Kežmarok dates back to the Upper Stone Age. In the 13th century the region contained a community of Saxons, a Slovak fishing village, a Hungarian border post and a Carpathian German settlement. Its Latin name was first mentioned in 1251 as Villa (Saxonum apud Ecclesiam) Sancte Elisabeth. In 1269 Kežmarok received its town charter. It also had the right to organize a cheese market (hence the German name Kesmark ("Käsemarkt" - "cheese market"). In 1433 the town was severely damaged by a Hussite raid. After 1440, the count of Spiš had a seat in Kežmarok. In the 15th century (and then once more in 1655), Kežmarok became a free royal town. The town was a stronghold of the noble Thököly family. The Hungarian magnate and warrior Imre Thököly was born in the town in 1657. He died in exile in Turkey in 1705 but in the 20th century his body was returned to Kežmarok and he is buried in a noble mausoleum in the town's Lutheran church. The town's other monuments include a castle, many Renaissance merchant houses, and a museum of ancient books. In pride of place is the Protestant church built in 1688 entirely of wood. The church also contains an organ of 1719 with wooden pipes. The church has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008. Kežmarok had a large ethnic German minority until the end of World War II. It also had a large and active Jewish community. During World War II, under the auspices of the First Slovak Republic, nearly 3,000 of the town's Jews were deported to German death camps. The town's pre-war Jewish cemetery has now been restored. DemographicsAccording to the 2001 census, the town had 17,383 inhabitants. 95.21% of inhabitants were Slovaks, 1.59% Roma, 0.83% Czechs and 0.43% Germans.[3] The religious makeup was 77.50% Roman Catholics, 10.98% people with no religious affiliation, 4.83% Lutherans and 2.63% Greek Catholics.[3] International relations{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Slovakia}}Twin towns — sister citiesKežmarok is twinned with:[4] Personalities
GallerySee also
References
1. ^The Town Kežmarok {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928093924/http://www.kezmarok.sk/eng/ |date=September 28, 2007 }} {{Commons category}}2. ^Mestská a obecná štatistika SR {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006173841/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html |date=October 6, 2007 }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title=Municipal Statistics |publisher=Statistical Office of the Slovak republic |url=http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html |accessdate=2007-12-15 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116010355/http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html |archivedate=2007-11-16 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web|url=http://www.kezmarok.sk/navstevnik/en/?tab=1|title=Oficiálne stránky mesta Kežmarok|work=kezmarok.sk|accessdate=8 February 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301102541/http://www.kezmarok.sk/navstevnik/en/?tab=1|archivedate=1 March 2010|df=}} 5. ^Szinney József, Magyar írók élete és munkái, Hornyánszky Budapest 1900 Genealogical resourcesThe records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Levoca, Slovakia"
External links{{Wikivoyage|Kežmarok}}
3 : Cities and towns in Slovakia|Spiš|Holocaust locations in Czechoslovakia |
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