| 词条 | Kekaha Kai State Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Kekaha Kai State Park | photo = KuaBayHawaii.jpg | photo_width = 220 | photo_alt = Kua Bay in Kekaha Kai State Park | photo_caption = Kua Bay in Kekaha Kai State Park | iucn_category = | map = USA Hawaii | map_alt = Location in the Kona District on the northwestern coast of the Big Island | map_caption = Location within Hawaii | map_width = 220 | location = Hawaii, U.S. | nearest_city = Kailua-Kona | coordinates = {{coord|19|47|32|N|156|1|31|W|region:US-HI|format=dms|display=inline}} | coords_ref= [1] | area= | established= | governing_body = Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources | url = [https://web.archive.org/web/20160206062843/http://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dsp/parks/hawaii/kekaha-kai-kona-coast-state-park/ Hawaii State Parks] }}Kekaha Kai State Park, formerly known as Kona Coast State Park, is a beach park located along the north Kona coast on the island of Hawai{{okina}}i. The main beach areas are Manini{{okina}}owali Bay (Kua Bay), Makalawena beach at Pu{{okina}}u Ali{{okina}}i Bay, and Mahai{{okina}}ula Bay. The park's name originates from the Hawaiian language words ke kaha kai which translate to "the shore line" in English.[2] Park sectionsThe northern section of the park is on Manini{{okina}}owali Bay located at coordinates {{coord |19|48|37|N| 156|0|23|W| type:landmark_region:US-HI |display=inline |name=Kua Bay}}. This beach area is popularly called Kua Bay since it is easier to pronounce.[3] A paved road {{convert|2.6|mi|km|abbr=on}} north of Kona International Airport leads to the beach.[4] The wetland area behind Makalawena beach[5] was designated a National Natural Landmark in 1972.[6] The marsh is known as {{okina}}Ōpae{{okina}}ula Pond (Hawaiian for "red shrimp") and was the site of a small fishing village that was wiped out in the 1946 tsunami.[7] The {{convert|12|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of wetland provide one of the last remaining nesting grounds of the āe{{okina}}o (Hawaiian stilt, Himantopus mexicanus knudseni), the {{okina}}alae ke{{okina}}oke{{okina}}o (Hawaiian coot, Fulica alai),[8] and the only known breeding area for the {{okina}}auku{{okina}}u (black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli) in Hawaii.[6] The pond is located at coordinates {{coord |19|47|32|N| 156|1|31|W| type:landmark_region:US-HI |display=inline |name=ʻŌpaeʻula Pond}} in the privately owned area between the two sections of the state park. Mahai{{okina}}ula Bay is accessed by an unpaved lava road which heads west off the main highway a short distance north of the airport.[4] The Mahai{{okina}}ula section is located at coordinates {{coord |19|46|56|N| 156|2|13|W| type:landmark_region:US-HI |display=inline |name=Mahaiʻula Bay}} and has a sandy beach with a picnic area.[1] A {{convert|4.5|mi|km|abbr=on|adj=on}} section of the historic Ala Kahakai coastal trail connects Mahai{{okina}}ula and Kua Bay. A hike up Pu{{okina}}u Ku{{okina}}ili offers a wide view of the coastline from the summit of the {{convert|342|ft|m|abbr=on|adj=mid|-high}} cinder cone.[1] The park is open daily from 8:00 am – 7:00 pm.[1] External links
References1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web | url = http://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dsp/parks/hawaii/kekaha-kai-kona-coast-state-park/ | title = Hawaii State Parks | publisher = State of Hawaii | accessdate = 2016-02-06 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160206062843/http://dlnr.hawaii.gov/dsp/parks/hawaii/kekaha-kai-kona-coast-state-park/ | archivedate = 2016-02-06}} {{Protected areas of Hawaii}}2. ^{{Hawaiian Dictionaries | kahakai |accessdate= October 11, 2010 }} 3. ^{{Hawaiian Dictionaries |Kua Bay |dic=cl |accessdate= October 11, 2010 }} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/planning/spa/north_kona/map1.html |title=North Kona: Map 1 |date=n.d. |publisher=Government of Hawaii |accessdate=2016-02-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006012832/http://www.co.hawaii.hi.us/planning/spa/north_kona/map1.html |archivedate=2011-10-06}} 5. ^Envrironmental Sensitivity Index Map of Makalawena National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.nature.nps.gov/nnl/registry/usa_map/states/hawaii/nnl/mm/index.cfm |title=Makalawena Marsh National Natural Landmark Designation 1972 |publisher=National Park Service |date=2010-05-03 |accessdate=2016-02-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528160231/http://www.nature.nps.gov/nnl/Registry/USA_Map/States/Hawaii/NNL/MM/index.cfm |archivedate=2010-05-28}} 7. ^John R. K. Clark, Beaches of the Big Island, University of Hawaii Press, 1985, {{ISBN|978-0-8248-0976-8}}, p.118 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.state.hi.us/dlnr/dofaw/cwcs/files/NAAT%20final%20CWCS/Chapters/Terrestrial%20Fact%20Sheets/Waterbirds/hawaiian%20coot%20NAAT%20final2%20!.pdf |title=ʻAlae keʻokeʻo or Hawaiian Coot |work=Hawaii’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy |publisher=State of Hawaiʻi |date=2005-10-01 |accessdate=2016-02-06 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103132420/http://www.state.hi.us/dlnr/dofaw/cwcs/files/NAAT%20final%20CWCS/Chapters/Terrestrial%20Fact%20Sheets/Waterbirds/hawaiian%20coot%20NAAT%20final2%20%21.pdf |archivedate=2013-11-03 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 6 : Beaches of Hawaii (island)|State parks of Hawaii|Protected areas of Hawaii (island)|Wetlands of Hawaii|Landforms of Hawaii (island)|National Natural Landmarks in Hawaii |
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