“Kepler-7”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Kepler-7 is a star located in the constellation Lyra in the field of view of the Kepler Mission, a NASA operation in search of Earth-like planets. It is home to the fourth of the first five planets that Kepler discovered; this planet, a Jupiter-size gas giant named Kepler-7b, is as light as styrofoam.^[15] The star itself is more massive than the Sun, and is nearly twice the Sun's radius. It is also slightly metal-rich, a major factor in the formation of planetary systems. Kepler-7's planet was presented on January 4, 2010 at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

Nomenclature and discovery

Kepler-7 received its name because it was the home to the seventh planetary system discovered by the NASA-led Kepler Mission, a project aimed at detecting terrestrial planets that transit, or pass in front of, their host stars as seen from Earth.^[16] The planet orbiting Kepler-7 was the fourth planet to be discovered by the Kepler spacecraft; the first three planets combed from Kepler's data had been previously discovered, and were used to verify the accuracy of Kepler's measurements.^[17] Kepler-7b was announced to the public on January 4, 2010 at the 215th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Washington, D.C. along with Kepler-4b, Kepler-5b, Kepler-6b, and Kepler-8b. Kepler-7b was noted for its unusually and extremely low density.^[15]

The planet's initial discovery by Kepler was verified by additional observations made at observatories in Hawaii, Texas, Arizona, California, and the Canary Islands.^[2]

Characteristics

Kepler-7 is a sunlike star that is 1.347 M_sun and 1.843 R_sun. This means that the star is about 35% more massive and 84% wider than the Sun. The star is estimated to be 3.5 (± 1) billion years old. It is also estimated to have a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.11 (± 0.03), meaning that Kepler-7 is approximately 30% more metal-rich than the Sun; metallicity plays a significant role in the formation of planetary systems, as metal-rich stars tend to be more likely to have planets in orbit.^[3] The star's effective temperature is 5933 (± 44) K.^[4] In comparison, the 4.6 billion-year-old Sun^[5] releases less heat, with an effective temperature of 5778 K.^[6]

The star has an apparent magnitude of 13, meaning that it is extremely dim as seen from Earth. It cannot be seen with the naked eye.^[17] It is estimated to lie at approximately 3090 light years from the Solar System.^[1]

There is a star that is 4 magnitudes dimmer located 1.90 arcseconds away, whether this a gravitationally bound companion star or a chance optical alignment is unknown.^[27]

Planetary system

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite journal|bibcode=2010ApJ...713L.140L|doi=10.1088/2041-8205/713/2/L140|arxiv=1001.0190|title=Kepler-7b: A Transiting Planet with Unusually Low Density|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=713|issue=2|pages=L140–L144|year=2010|last1=Latham|first1=David W.|last2=Borucki|first2=William J.|last3=Koch|first3=David G.|last4=Brown|first4=Timothy M.|last5=Buchhave|first5=Lars A.|last6=Basri|first6=Gibor|last7=Batalha|first7=Natalie M.|last8=Caldwell|first8=Douglas A.|last9=Cochran|first9=William D.|last10=Dunham|first10=Edward W.|last11=Fűrész|first11=Gabor|last12=Gautier|first12=Thomas N.|last13=Geary|first13=John C.|last14=Gilliland|first14=Ronald L.|last15=Howell|first15=Steve B.|last16=Jenkins|first16=Jon M.|last17=Lissauer|first17=Jack J.|last18=Marcy|first18=Geoffrey W.|last19=Monet|first19=David G.|last20=Rowe|first20=Jason F.|last21=Sasselov|first21=Dimitar D.|display-authors=1}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/news/kepler-5-exoplanets.html |title=NASA's Kepler Space Telescope Discovers its FIrst Five Exoplanets |author= |date=4 January 2010 |work= |publisher=NASA |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.spacedaily.com/news/extrasolar-04zl.html |title=Extrasolar Planets: A Matter of Metallicity |author=Henry Bortman |date=12 October 2004 |work= |publisher=Space Daily |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Kepler-7 |title=Notes for star Kepler-7 |author= |date=2010 |work= |publisher=Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia |accessdate=27 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121150542/http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Kepler-7 |archivedate=21 January 2011 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.universetoday.com/18237/how-old-is-the-sun/ |title=How Old is the Sun? |author=Fraser Cain |date=16 September 2008 |work= |publisher=Universe Today |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html |title=Sun Fact Sheet |author=David Williams |date=1 September 2004 |work=Goddard Space Flight Center |publisher=NASA |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
7. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://cs.astronomy.com/asycs/blogs/astronomy/archive/2010/01/05/215th-aas-meeting-update-kepler-discoveries-the-talk-of-the-town.aspx |title=215th AAS meeting update: Kepler discoveries the talk of the town |author=Rich Talcott |date=5 January 2010 |work=Astronomy.com |publisher=Astronomy magazine |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html |title=Mercury Fact Sheet |author=David Williams |date=17 November 2010 |work=Goddard Space Flight Center |publisher=NASA |accessdate=27 February 2011}}
9. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web |url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/ |title=Summary Table of Kepler Discoveries |date=2010-01-04 |work= |publisher=NASA|accessdate=2010-01-06}}
10. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite DR2|2102117871259036672}}
11. ^¹{{cite journal | title=Assessing the Effect of Stellar Companions from High-resolution Imaging of Kepler Objects of Interest | url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/117/meta | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=153 | issue=3 | at=117 | year=2017 | last1=Hirsch | first1=Lea A. | last2=Ciardi | first2=David R. | last3=Howard | first3=Andrew W. | last4=Everett | first4=Mark E. | last5=Furlan | first5=Elise | last6=Saylors | first6=Mindy | last7=Horch | first7=Elliott P. | last8=Howell | first8=Steve B. | last9=Teske | first9=Johanna | last10=Marcy | first10=Geoffrey W. | display-authors=1 | arxiv=1701.06577 | bibcode=2017AJ....153..117H | doi=10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/117 }}
12. ^¹{{cite web | title=Mission overview | url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/overview/index.html | editor-last=Johnson | editor-first=Michele | date=2018-10-30 | website=www.nasa.gov | publisher=NASA | accessdate=2018-11-24 }}
13. ^¹²³{{cite journal | title=The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) | url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/498708/fulltext/ | last1=Skrutskie | first1=M. F. | last2=Cutri | first2=R. M. | last3=Stiening | first3=R. | last4=Weinberg | first4=M. D. | last5=Schneider | first5=S. | last6=Carpenter | first6=J. M. | last7=Beichman | first7=C. | last8=Capps | first8=R. | last9=Chester | first9=T. | last10=Elias | first10=J. | last11=Huchra | first11=J. | last12=Liebert | first12=J. | last13=Lonsdale | first13=C. | last14=Monet | first14=D. G. | last15=Price | first15=S. | last16=Seitzer | first16=P. | last17=Jarrett | first17=T. | last18=Kirkpatrick | first18=J. D. | last19=Gizis | first19=J. E. | last20=Howard | first20=E | last21=Evans | first21=T | last22=Fowler | first22=J | last23=Fullmer | first23=L | last24=Hurt | first24=R | last25=Light | first25=R | last26=Kopan | first26=E. L. | last27=Marsh | first27=K. A. | last28=McCallon | first28=H. L. | last29=Tam | first29=R. | last30=Van Dyk | first30=S. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=131 | issue=2 | pages=1163–1183 | year=2006 | bibcode=2006AJ....131.1163S | doi=10.1086/498708 }}Vizier catalog entry
14. ^¹²{{cite simbad | title=Kepler-7 | accessdate=2018-11-24}}

词条	Kepler-7
释义	Nomenclature and discovery Characteristics Planetary system See also References External links {{good article}}{{Starbox begin \| name = Kepler-7 }}{{Starbox observe \| constell = Lyra \| epoch = J2000 \| ra = {{RA\|19\|14\|19.5623}}^[1] \| dec = {{DEC\|+41\|05\|23.365}}^[1] \| appmag_v = {{val\|13.005\|0.039}} }}{{Starbox character \| class = G0^[4] \| appmag_1_passband = J \| appmag_1 = {{val\|11.833\|0.020}}^[5] \| appmag_2_passband = H \| appmag_2 = {{val\|11.601\|0.022}}^[5] \| appmag_3_passband = K \| appmag_3 = {{val\|11.535\|0.020}}^[5] \| appmag_4_passband = B \| appmag_4 = {{val\|13.620\|0.029}} }}{{Starbox astrometry \| radial_v = +0.40 ± 0.10^[9] \| prop_mo_ra = {{val\|−2.956\|0.050}}^[1] \| prop_mo_dec = {{val\|−20.949\|0.042}}^[1] \| parallax = 1.0554 \| p_error = 0.0235 \| parallax_footnote = ^[1] }}{{Starbox detail \| source = ^[1] \| mass = {{val\|1.347\|+0.072\|-0.054}} \| radius = {{val\|1.843\|+0.048\|-0.066}} \| luminosity = {{val\|4.15\|+0.63\|-0.54}} \| age_gyr = 3.3 ± 0.4 \| gravity = 3.98 ± 0.10 \| metal_fe = +0.11 ± 0.03 \| temperature = 5933 ± 44 \| rotational_velocity = 4.2 ± 0.5 }}{{Starbox catalog \| names = {{odlist \| 2MASS=J19141956+4105233 \| KIC=5780885 \| KOI=97 \| WDS=J19143+4105AB }}^[4] }}{{Starbox reference \| Simbad = Kepler-7 }}{{Starbox end}} Kepler-7 is a star located in the constellation Lyra in the field of view of the Kepler Mission, a NASA operation in search of Earth-like planets. It is home to the fourth of the first five planets that Kepler discovered; this planet, a Jupiter-size gas giant named Kepler-7b, is as light as styrofoam.^[15] The star itself is more massive than the Sun, and is nearly twice the Sun's radius. It is also slightly metal-rich, a major factor in the formation of planetary systems. Kepler-7's planet was presented on January 4, 2010 at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society. Nomenclature and discovery Kepler-7 received its name because it was the home to the seventh planetary system discovered by the NASA-led Kepler Mission, a project aimed at detecting terrestrial planets that transit, or pass in front of, their host stars as seen from Earth.^[16] The planet orbiting Kepler-7 was the fourth planet to be discovered by the Kepler spacecraft; the first three planets combed from Kepler's data had been previously discovered, and were used to verify the accuracy of Kepler's measurements.^[17] Kepler-7b was announced to the public on January 4, 2010 at the 215th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Washington, D.C. along with Kepler-4b, Kepler-5b, Kepler-6b, and Kepler-8b. Kepler-7b was noted for its unusually and extremely low density.^[15] The planet's initial discovery by Kepler was verified by additional observations made at observatories in Hawaii, Texas, Arizona, California, and the Canary Islands.^[2] Characteristics Kepler-7 is a sunlike star that is 1.347 M_sun and 1.843 R_sun. This means that the star is about 35% more massive and 84% wider than the Sun. The star is estimated to be 3.5 (± 1) billion years old. It is also estimated to have a metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.11 (± 0.03), meaning that Kepler-7 is approximately 30% more metal-rich than the Sun; metallicity plays a significant role in the formation of planetary systems, as metal-rich stars tend to be more likely to have planets in orbit.^[3] The star's effective temperature is 5933 (± 44) K.^[4] In comparison, the 4.6 billion-year-old Sun^[5] releases less heat, with an effective temperature of 5778 K.^[6] The star has an apparent magnitude of 13, meaning that it is extremely dim as seen from Earth. It cannot be seen with the naked eye.^[17] It is estimated to lie at approximately 3090 light years from the Solar System.^[1] There is a star that is 4 magnitudes dimmer located 1.90 arcseconds away, whether this a gravitationally bound companion star or a chance optical alignment is unknown.^[27] Planetary system Kepler-7b is the only planet that has been discovered in Kepler-7's orbit. It is .433 M_J and 1.478 R_J, meaning it is 43% the mass of planet Jupiter, but is nearly three halves its size. With a density of .166 grams/cc,^[17] the planet is approximately 17% the density of water. This is comparable to styrofoam.^[7] At a distance of .06224 AU from its host star, Kepler-7b completes an orbit around Kepler-7 every 4.8855 days.^[17] Planet Mercury, however, orbits the Sun at .3871 AU, and takes approximately 87.97 days to complete one orbit.^[8] Kepler-7b's eccentricity is assumed to be 0, which would give Kepler-7b a circular orbit by definition.^[17]{{OrbitboxPlanet begin \| table_ref = ^[17] }}{{OrbitboxPlanet \| exoplanet = b \| mass = 0.433 \| period = 4.8855 \| semimajor = 0.06224 \| eccentricity = 0 \| radius = 1.478 }}{{Orbitbox end}} See also List of extrasolar planets References 1. ^¹{{cite journal\|bibcode=2010ApJ...713L.140L\|doi=10.1088/2041-8205/713/2/L140\|arxiv=1001.0190\|title=Kepler-7b: A Transiting Planet with Unusually Low Density\|journal=The Astrophysical Journal\|volume=713\|issue=2\|pages=L140–L144\|year=2010\|last1=Latham\|first1=David W.\|last2=Borucki\|first2=William J.\|last3=Koch\|first3=David G.\|last4=Brown\|first4=Timothy M.\|last5=Buchhave\|first5=Lars A.\|last6=Basri\|first6=Gibor\|last7=Batalha\|first7=Natalie M.\|last8=Caldwell\|first8=Douglas A.\|last9=Cochran\|first9=William D.\|last10=Dunham\|first10=Edward W.\|last11=Fűrész\|first11=Gabor\|last12=Gautier\|first12=Thomas N.\|last13=Geary\|first13=John C.\|last14=Gilliland\|first14=Ronald L.\|last15=Howell\|first15=Steve B.\|last16=Jenkins\|first16=Jon M.\|last17=Lissauer\|first17=Jack J.\|last18=Marcy\|first18=Geoffrey W.\|last19=Monet\|first19=David G.\|last20=Rowe\|first20=Jason F.\|last21=Sasselov\|first21=Dimitar D.\|display-authors=1}} 2. ^{{cite web \|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/news/kepler-5-exoplanets.html \|title=NASA's Kepler Space Telescope Discovers its FIrst Five Exoplanets \|author= \|date=4 January 2010 \|work= \|publisher=NASA \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 3. ^{{cite web \|url=http://www.spacedaily.com/news/extrasolar-04zl.html \|title=Extrasolar Planets: A Matter of Metallicity \|author=Henry Bortman \|date=12 October 2004 \|work= \|publisher=Space Daily \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 4. ^{{cite web\|url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Kepler-7 \|title=Notes for star Kepler-7 \|author= \|date=2010 \|work= \|publisher=Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia \|accessdate=27 February 2011 \|deadurl=yes \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110121150542/http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=Kepler-7 \|archivedate=21 January 2011 \|df= }} 5. ^{{cite web \|url=http://www.universetoday.com/18237/how-old-is-the-sun/ \|title=How Old is the Sun? \|author=Fraser Cain \|date=16 September 2008 \|work= \|publisher=Universe Today \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 6. ^{{cite web \|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html \|title=Sun Fact Sheet \|author=David Williams \|date=1 September 2004 \|work=Goddard Space Flight Center \|publisher=NASA \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 7. ^¹²{{cite web \|url=http://cs.astronomy.com/asycs/blogs/astronomy/archive/2010/01/05/215th-aas-meeting-update-kepler-discoveries-the-talk-of-the-town.aspx \|title=215th AAS meeting update: Kepler discoveries the talk of the town \|author=Rich Talcott \|date=5 January 2010 \|work=Astronomy.com \|publisher=Astronomy magazine \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 8. ^{{cite web \|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/mercuryfact.html \|title=Mercury Fact Sheet \|author=David Williams \|date=17 November 2010 \|work=Goddard Space Flight Center \|publisher=NASA \|accessdate=27 February 2011}} 9. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite web \|url=http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/discoveries/ \|title=Summary Table of Kepler Discoveries \|date=2010-01-04 \|work= \|publisher=NASA\|accessdate=2010-01-06}} 10. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite DR2\|2102117871259036672}} 11. ^¹{{cite journal \| title=Assessing the Effect of Stellar Companions from High-resolution Imaging of Kepler Objects of Interest \| url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/117/meta \| journal=The Astronomical Journal \| volume=153 \| issue=3 \| at=117 \| year=2017 \| last1=Hirsch \| first1=Lea A. \| last2=Ciardi \| first2=David R. \| last3=Howard \| first3=Andrew W. \| last4=Everett \| first4=Mark E. \| last5=Furlan \| first5=Elise \| last6=Saylors \| first6=Mindy \| last7=Horch \| first7=Elliott P. \| last8=Howell \| first8=Steve B. \| last9=Teske \| first9=Johanna \| last10=Marcy \| first10=Geoffrey W. \| display-authors=1 \| arxiv=1701.06577 \| bibcode=2017AJ....153..117H \| doi=10.3847/1538-3881/153/3/117 }} 12. ^¹{{cite web \| title=Mission overview \| url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/overview/index.html \| editor-last=Johnson \| editor-first=Michele \| date=2018-10-30 \| website=www.nasa.gov \| publisher=NASA \| accessdate=2018-11-24 }} 13. ^¹²³{{cite journal \| title=The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) \| url=http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/498708/fulltext/ \| last1=Skrutskie \| first1=M. F. \| last2=Cutri \| first2=R. M. \| last3=Stiening \| first3=R. \| last4=Weinberg \| first4=M. D. \| last5=Schneider \| first5=S. \| last6=Carpenter \| first6=J. M. \| last7=Beichman \| first7=C. \| last8=Capps \| first8=R. \| last9=Chester \| first9=T. \| last10=Elias \| first10=J. \| last11=Huchra \| first11=J. \| last12=Liebert \| first12=J. \| last13=Lonsdale \| first13=C. \| last14=Monet \| first14=D. G. \| last15=Price \| first15=S. \| last16=Seitzer \| first16=P. \| last17=Jarrett \| first17=T. \| last18=Kirkpatrick \| first18=J. D. \| last19=Gizis \| first19=J. E. \| last20=Howard \| first20=E \| last21=Evans \| first21=T \| last22=Fowler \| first22=J \| last23=Fullmer \| first23=L \| last24=Hurt \| first24=R \| last25=Light \| first25=R \| last26=Kopan \| first26=E. L. \| last27=Marsh \| first27=K. A. \| last28=McCallon \| first28=H. L. \| last29=Tam \| first29=R. \| last30=Van Dyk \| first30=S. \| display-authors=1 \| journal=The Astronomical Journal \| volume=131 \| issue=2 \| pages=1163–1183 \| year=2006 \| bibcode=2006AJ....131.1163S \| doi=10.1086/498708 }}Vizier catalog entry 14. ^¹²{{cite simbad \| title=Kepler-7 \| accessdate=2018-11-24}} Vizier catalog entry^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] }} External links {{cite web\|last=Boyle\|first=Alan\|title=How astronomers mapped the patchy clouds of an alien world\|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/science/how-astronomers-mapped-patchy-clouds-alien-world-8C11300069\|publisher=NBC News\|accessdate=3 October 2013}}{{Sky\|19\|14\|19.6\|+\|41\|5\|23.3}}{{Stars of Lyra}} 4 : Planetary systems\|Lyra (constellation)\|Kepler Objects of Interest\|Planetary transit variables
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Nomenclature and discovery

Characteristics

Planetary system

See also

References

External links