| 词条 | King John (1899 film) | ||||
| 释义 |
King John is the title by which the earliest known example of a film based on a play by William Shakespeare is commonly known.{{sfn|Buchanan|2009|p=61}} ProductionFilmed in London, England in September 1899, at the British Mutoscope and Biograph Company's open-air studio on the Embankment.{{sfn|Buchanan|2009|p=61}} It was a silent film made from four very short separate films, each showing a heavily edited scene from Herbert Beerbohm Tree's forthcoming stage production of Shakespeare's King John at Her Majesty's Theatre, London.{{sfn|Kachur|1991}} The first film was of The Temptation Scene with John, Hubert and Arthur, the second of The Lamentation Scene with Constance, Philip of France, Lewis and Pandulph, the third of King John's Dying Scene with John, Henry, Pembroke and Salisbury, the fourth of King John's Death Scene with John, Henry, Falconbridge, Pembroke and Salisbury. The filming of King John was produced and directed by William Kennedy Laurie Dickson and Walter Pfeffer Dando, the acting and production design by Herbert Tree. The cinematography was by William Dickson. A British film, the production company was the British Mutoscope and Biograph Company.{{sfn|Kachur|1991}} Surviving copiesThe EYE Film Institute Nederland has an incomplete copy of the third film lasting just under one minute. The last seconds of the scene are missing from the EYE copy; the BFI National Archive has a film clip of a few frames of the missing part. Preserved still framesThe below still frames from the film were published in the 27 September 1899 issue of The Sketch accompanying a review of Tree's stage production.{{sfn|Newton|1899}} While these were known to scholars ever since Robert Hamilton Ball's Shakespeare On Silent Film (1968), and preceding journal papers, they were assumed to be ordinary production stills from the stage adaptation.{{sfn|Ball|1968}} It was not until B. A. Kachur's paper "The First Shakespeare Film: A Reconsideration and Reconstruction of Tree's King John" (1991) in Theatre Survey that they were identified as still frames from the film.{{sfn|Kachur|1991}} Cast{{div col|colwidth=20em|rules=yes|small=yes}}
Notes and referencesSources{{refbegin|30em}}
|title = Shakespeare On Silent Film |last = Ball |first = Robert Hamilton |authorlink = Robert Hamilton Ball |publisher = George Allen & Unwin |location = London |year = 1968 |ref = harv }}
|title = Shakespeare on Silent Film: An Excellent Dumb Discourse |last = Buchanan |first = Judith |publisher = Cambridge University Press |location = Cambridge |year = 2009 |isbn = 978-0521871990 |ref = harv }}
|title = The First Shakespeare Film: A Reconsideration and Reconstruction of Tree's King John |last = Kachur |first = B. A. |year = 1991 |journal = Theatre Survey |publisher = American Society for Theatre Research |volume = 32 |issue = 1 |pages = 43–63 |issn = 0040-5574 |eissn = 1475-4533 |doi = 10.1017/S0040557400009455 |via = Cambridge Core |subscription = yes |ref = harv }}
|title = Review of King John |last = Newton |first = H. C. |authorlink = Henry Chance Newton |magazine = The Sketch |date = 27 September 1899 |ref = harv }}{{refend}} Further reading
External links{{Commons category|King John (1899 film)}}
7 : 1899 films|Articles containing video clips|British films|British silent short films|Films based on King John (play)|Cultural depictions of John, King of England|British black-and-white films |
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