| 词条 | King Huiwen of Qin |
| 释义 |
|father=Duke Xiao of Qin |name = Si (駟) |family_name = Ying (嬴) |clan_name = |given_name = Si (駟) |title = King Huiwen of Qin (秦惠文王) |reign = 338–311 BC |spouse= Queen Huiwen Queen Dowager Xuan |spouse-type = Consorts |issue = Tong, Marquis of Shu King Wu of Qin King Zhaoxiang of Qin Yun, Marquis of Shu Shi, Lord Gaoling Kui, Lord Jingyang Queen Yi of Yan |birth_date = 356 BC |death_date = 311 BC (aged 44–45) }} King Huiwen of Qin ({{zh|c=秦惠文王}}; 356–311 BC), also known as Lord Huiwen of Qin ({{zh|c=秦惠文君}}) or King Hui of Qin ({{zh|c=秦惠王}}), given name Si (駟), was the ruler of the Qin state from 338 to 311 BC during the Warring States period of Chinese history and likely an ancestor of Emperor Qin Shi Huang.[1][2] He was the first ruler of Qin to style himself "King" (王) instead of "Duke" (公). BiographyEarly lifePrince Si was the son of Duke Xiao, and succeeded his father as ruler after the latter's death.[3] When the adolescent Si was still crown prince, he committed a crime and was severely punished for it. The great minister Shang Yang was just then implementing his authoritarian reforms to the laws of Qin and he insisted that the crown prince should be punished for the crime regardless of his royal status. Duke Xiao approved of the draconian punishment and Si's tutors, Prince Qian (公子虔) and Gongsun Gu (公孫賈), had their noses cut off for neglecting their duties in educating the crown prince while Ying Si was banished from the royal palace. It was believed that Si harboured a personal grudge against Shang Yang and when he came to the throne as King Huiwen, Si had Shang Yang put to death on charges of treason. However, Huiwen retained the reformed systems in Qin left behind by his father and Shang Yang. ReignDuring Huiwen's reign, Qin became very powerful in terms of its military strength, and constantly invaded neighbouring states as part of its expansionism policy. In 316 BC it conquered the states of Shu and Ba to the south in the Sichuan basin. The strategy here was to annex and colonize the semi-civilized lands to the south rather than confront the more advanced states to the east with their large armies. The strategist Su Qin, a student of Guiguzi, managed to persuade the other six major states to form an alliance to deal with Qin. However, Su Qin's fellow student, Zhang Yi, came into the service of Huiwen and he helped Qin break up the alliance by sowing discord among the six states. DeathKing Huiwen ruled Qin for 27 years and died in 311 BC at the age of 46. He was succeeded by his son, King Wu of Qin, born of Queen Huiwen. Family
In fiction and popular culture
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/shiji/sj_005.htm |script-title=zh:秦本纪 |trans-title=Annals of Qin |work=Records of the Grand Historian |author=Sima Qian |language=Chinese |publisher=guoxue.com |accessdate=7 May 2012}} {{s-start}}{{s-hou|House of Ying||||311 BC|name=King Huiwen of Qin}}{{s-reg}}{{s-bef|before=Duke Xiao|as=Duke of Qin}}{{s-ttl|title=King of Qin|years=338–311 BC}}{{s-aft|after=King Wu}}{{s-end}}{{Monarchs of Qin}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Huiwen of Qin, King}}2. ^Han (2010), 340 3. ^[https://archive.is/20120709170349/http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k7430&pageid=icb.page29892&pageContentId=icb.pagecontent80533&view=view.do&viewParam_name=shangyang.htm] Harvard University reference page for a 2006 class called Moral Reasoning; includes a useful map. 4 : 356 BC births|311 BC deaths|4th-century BC Chinese monarchs|Rulers of Qin |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。