| 释义 |
- Phonology Vowels Consonants
- Grammar Verbs Nouns
- Vocabulary
- Example sentences
- See also
- References
{{Other uses|Koroshi (disambiguation){{!}}Koroshi}}{{Infobox language
|name=Koroshi
|nativename={{lang|bal|{{nq|کوروشی}}}}
|pronunciation=
|states=Iran
|region =
|speakers=160–200 = 40–50 families
|date=no date
|ref=e13
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam2=Indo-Iranian
|fam3=Iranian
|fam4=Western Iranian
|fam5=Northwestern II
|fam6=Balochi
|agency=Academy of Persian Language and Literature
|script= Persian alphabet
|iso3=ktl
|glotto=koro1296
|glottorefname=Koroshi
}}Koroshi (Koroshi: {{Lang|bal|{{nq|کوروشی}}|links=no}}), is a Balochi dialect.[1][2] The speakers of Koroshi live in scattered pockets in Southern Iranian Fars province. The number of speakers was roughly estimated to be 1000 in 2006.[3] According to Ethnologue the dialect has 180 speaker within 40 to 50 families.[4]Entirely isolated from the main body of the Baloch habitat, Koroshi distinguishes itself in grammar and lexicon among Balochi varieties.[5] PhonologyThe transcription used here is only an approximation: Vowels- short: â, a, e, i, o, u
- long: â:, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū
Consonants- fricative: ð, like in, 'sað' (hundred).
- voiced velar fricative: γ, like in 'maγz' (copula).
- alveolar trill: like in 'arra' (saw, the hand tool).
- palatal: 'g' and 'k', like in 'heykal' (body) and 'merzeng' (eyelash).
GrammarVerbs- Infinitive markers: -ag ('g' is palatal here).
Nouns- The suffixes "-yok" and "-â" make nouns definite. Examples:
golâbi (pear) → golâbi-yok (the pear)
bâmard (man) → bâmard-â (the man) - The indefinite marker is "i". Example:
čok (child) → čokk-i (a child) - The plural is marked by the suffixes "-gal" and "obâr" . Examples:
mardin (man) → mardin-gal (men)
sib (apple) → sib-obâr (apples) - Adjectives are placed before nouns. Examples:
siyâhayn angur (black grape)
qašanguveyn pirâhâm (beautiful shirt) Vocabulary{{Col-begin}}{{Col-break}}| English | Koroshi | Balochi | Persian (Unipers) | | beautiful | qašang | sharr, soherâ | zibâ, xoščehre, qašang | | blood | hun | hun | xun | | bread | nagan | nagan, nân | nân | | bring | ârag | ârag | âvardan | | brother | berâd | barādar, brāt | barâdar | | come | akkag | áhag, âmadan | âmadan | | cry | girrag | griwag | geriyeh | | dark | târik | tahár | târik | | daughter | jānek | mind, jānek | doxtar | | day | roč | roshe, roč | ruz | | do | kanag | kanag | kardan | | door | dar | gelo, dar,dawazag | dar | | die | merag | mireg | mordan | | donkey | kar | har | xar | | egg | heyx | heyk | toxme morq | | earth | dogâr | zemin, dagâr | zamin, zemin | | eye | čām | čham, čam | čašm | | father | bovâ(y) | pyt, abbâ | pedar, bâbâ | | fear | tors | tors | tars | | fiancé | numzâð | nāmzād,deshtaar | nâmzad | | fine | xoš, xâš | hosh | xoš | | finger | pinja | lenkwk, mordâneg | angošt | | fire | âs | âč, âs | âtaš, âzar | | fish | mâhin | mâhig | mâhi | | food / eat | xorâk/ varag | warag, vereg | qazâ, xorâk / xordan | | four | čâr | č(y)ār | čahâr, čâr | | go | ravag | jwzzegh, ravag | raftan | | god | xoðâ | hwdâ | xodâ | | good | xūb | jawáin, šarr | xub | | great | čoqqor | mastar | bozorg, gonde, gat | | hand | das | dast | dast | |
{{Col-break}}| English | Koroshi | Balochi | Persian (Unipers) | | head | sar, kalla | sar | sar, kalle | | heart | del | dil, hatyr, zerd | del, dil | | horse | asp | asp | asb, astar | | house | log | log, gis | xâne | | language (Also Tongue) | zebân | zevân, zobân | zabân | | laugh | kannag | khendeg, hendeg,kandag | xandidan | | man | mardin, bâmard | merdin | mard | | moon | mā | máh | mâh | | mother | doyi | mât, mâs | mâdar, mâmân | | mouth | daf | dap, daf | dahân | | name | num | num | nâm | | night | šaf | shaw, šap | šab | | open | vâz kanag | pač kanag | vâkardan, bâz kardan | | peace | sōl | ârâm | âshti, ârâmeš, ârâmi, solh | | place | jâ | hend, jâ | jâ | | read | vânag | wánag | xândan | | say | gašag | gushag | goftan, gap zadan | | scratch | karânag | kičaenag | xârândan | | sister | gâhâr, daða | gwhâr | xâhar | | small | kassân, kam | lekem, kassân | kucak, kam, xord | | son | bač | pisar, phussag, bač | pesar, pur, bacce | | tall | bolan | bwrz | boland, bârez, derâz, borz | | three | sa | se | se | | water | âf | âf, âp | âb, ow | | weave | gâfag | gwapag | bâftan | | when | kad | ked | key | | wind | gâd | gwáth | bâd | | woman | jan | jan | zan | | yesterday | zi | zí | diruz, di | |
{{col-end}}Example sentences| English | Koroshi | Balochi | Persian | | What is this? | i či-yen? | ای چی اِن | این چیست؟ / en či-ye? | | Where is Ali? | ali ko-yen? | علی کواِن، علی کجا اِن | علی کجاست؟ - ali ku? | | This horse is white. | i asp esbiyeð-en. | ای اسپیتیں اسپ اِن | .این اسب سفید است - en/in asb sefid-e | | They say he works ten hours a day. | maya šey-ant rōč-i dah sâat kâr makan-a. | آ گشنت روچی دہ سائت کار کنت | .میگویند روزی ده ساعت کار میکند - ânhâ migan, ke ū(n) dah soat dar rūz kar mikonê. | | I have two small brothers and sisters. | do tâ kâkâ(berâd) vo gâhâr-e kassân assen-om. | منا دو كساني برات وگوهار هست | .دو برادر و خواهر کوچک دارم - do tâ doxtar va baradâr daram | | If you will go just once to their village, you won't forget the hospitality of its people. | aga faqat ya dafâ ba âšâni dâhâ rafayado âšâni mehmândâriyâ hič vaxt yâdo anaraft. | اگا تو تنها يك بري اهاني هلك ءَ بروي تو بيهال نكني اودي مردماني مهمانداري ءَ | .اگر تنها یکبار به ده آنها رفته باشی، مهمان‌نوازی مردم آنجا را هرگز از یاد نخواهی برد - agar faqat ye(k) bar be deh e ishân beri, tu mehmânnvaziye mardom o yâdet nemirê. | | Who called me? | kayad manâ ganki jad? | کیا منا گوانک جت | چه کسی مرا صدا زد؟ - ki manô sedâ kard? | |
See also- Dialects of Fars
- Northwestern Iranian languages
- Iranian languages
References1. ^{{cite book | title=The World's Major Languages | year=1987 | last=Payne | first=J.R. | editor=Bernard Comrie | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=Oxford | isbn=978-0-19-506511-4 | pages=514 }}
2. ^Ethnologue report for Southwestern Iranian languages
3. ^Salami, A., 1385 AP / 2006 AD. Ganjineye guyeššenâsiye Fârs (The treasury of the dialectology of Fars). Third Volume, The academy of Persian language and literature. {{ISBN|964-7531-54-0}} (in Persian)
4. ^Ethnologue Languages of the world, Koroshi
5. ^ Borjian, H. “The Blochi Dialect of the Korosh,” Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hung. Volume 67 (4), 453–465 (2014) DOI: 10.1556/AOrient.67.2014.4.4. [https://www.academia.edu/8651533/Koroshi_Balochi].
4 : Fars Province|Languages of Iran|Northwestern Iranian languages|Endangered Iranian languages |