| 词条 | Koryolink |
| 释义 |
| name = Koryolink 고려링크 | type = Joint venture | logo = Koryolink.svg | logo_size = 150px | foundation = 2008 | location = Pyongyang | company_slogan = | industry = Telecommunication | area_served = Pyongyang, and five additional cities and eight highways and railways. | products = Telephony, Mobile Network Access | revenue = US$ 5.8 million{{citation needed|date=August 2015}} | parent = Global Telecom Holding S.A.E. (75%) Korea Post and Telecommunications Corporation (25%) | homepage = intranet Homepage Kwangmyung }}Koryolink ({{lang-ko|고려링크}}, styled as koryolink) is a North Korean wireless telecommunications provider. A joint venture between Orascom Telecom Media and Technology Holding (OTMT) and the state-owned Korea Post and Telecommunications Corporation (KPTC), Koryolink started in 2008 and was the first 3G mobile operator in North Korea.[1] It offers service in Pyongyang and five additional cities as well as along eight highways and railways. Phone numbers on the network are prefixed with +850 (0)1912. Despite being a 3G network, there is no Internet access (only Intranet access) for domestic users. Although as of April 2014, mobile internet access for foreigners with limited speed or traffic amount was available at a comparably high price.[1] HistoryOrascom Telecom Holding was awarded the license to establish a 3G mobile network in North Korea in January 2008. Koryolink has deployed its 3G network to initially cover Pyongyang, which has a population of more than two million people, with an ambitious plan to expand its coverage to the entire country. When Koryolink launched, the move was controversial for Egypt-based Orascom as North Korea was under international sanctions since it led nuclear tests in 2006.[2] At network launch in December 2008, the network had 5,300 subscribers.[3] Orascom reported 47,873 subscribers in June 2009,[4] then 432,000 North Korean subscribers in December 2010,[5] increasing to 809,000 by September 2011,[6] and exceeding one million by February 2012.[7] By April 2013, subscriber numbers neared two million.[8] In 2011, 99.9% of Koryolink customers had 3G access.[9] In 2015 subscriber numbers exceeded three million and the network was profitable. However, the Government of North Korea refused permission to transfer profits from North Korea to Orascom and even started a second carrier (Kangsong Net) to compete with Koryolink.[10] As result Orascom in its financial result reported, that it lost control over Koryolink's activities.[11][12] Following tightened sanctions on North Korea by the UN Security Council, Orascom was granted an exemption in September 2018 to continue with the Koryolink operations in North Korea.[13] The UN Resolution 2375 was to be obtained by 9 January 2018 to keep Orascom's DPRK operations legal.[14] Use by foreignersOn February 26, 2013, Koryolink launched its internet service for foreigners[15] On March 29, 2013, Koryolink restricted internet service for foreigners.[16] Government controlAccording to Orascom, the North Korean government monitors all network activities since at least 2009.[17] Only calls within North Korea are allowed on Koryolink. However, smuggled phones have been used just over the border in China to International Direct Dialing.[18] In February 2012, the government denied having banned users from the internet during the mourning period of Kim Jong-il.[19] In September 2014, Koryolink fixed a loophole that enabled its domestic users to get international calls and internet access designed for tourists only.[20] DescriptionKoryolink is a cellular operator held by Cheo Technology, a joint venture between Orascom Telecom Media and Technology Holding (OTMT) which holds 75% of the shares, and the state-owned Korea Post and Telecommunications Corporation (KPTC). References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.br.de/nordkorea-marathon/2014/04/12/kim-jong-uns-hauptstadt/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2014-04-12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414073733/http://blog.br.de/nordkorea-marathon/2014/04/12/kim-jong-uns-hauptstadt/ |archivedate=2014-04-14 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/3005838/how-a-telecom-investment-in-north-korea-went-horribly-wrong.html|title=How a telecom investment in North Korea went horribly wrong|website=Pcworld.com|date=17 November 2015|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nkeconwatch.com/category/organizaitons/orascom-telecom-holding/ |title=North Korean Economy Watch » Orascom Telecom Holding |website=Nkeconwatch.com |date= |accessdate=2017-04-26}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2009/08/26/north-korean-3g-customers-double-in-q2/|title=North Korean 3G customers double in Q2|website=Northkoreatech.org|date=26 August 2009|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 5. ^Orascom Telecom Holding First Quarter 2011 Results {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412185952/http://www.orascomtelecom.com/files/financial/1157450663_Earnings%20Release%20First%20Quarter%202011.pdf |date=2012-04-12 }}, page 29, Orascomtelecom.com (accessed 20 May 2011) 6. ^Orascom Telecom Holding Third Quarter 2011 Results {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415130130/http://www.orascomtelecom.com/files/financial/1890774344_Earnings%20Release%20Third%20Quarter%202011.pdf |date=2012-04-15 }}, page 30 Orascomtelecom.com (accessed 28 April 2012) 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2012-02-02/orascom-telecom-media-shares-jump-after-north-korea-announcement.html |title=Orascom Telecom Media Shares Jump After North Korea Announcement |author=Alaa Shahine |newspaper=Bloomberg |date=2 February 2012 |accessdate=15 October 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-22308353 |title=North Korea embraces 3G service |publisher=BBC |date=26 April 2013 |accessdate=18 May 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2011/01/12/north-korea-tops-3g-ranking/|title=North Korea tops 3G ranking|website=Northkoreatech.org|date=12 January 2011|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/03/17/north-koreas-silent-hard-currency-source-that-cellphone-business-with-orascom/|title=North Korea’s silent hard currency source: That cellphone business with Orascom|last=Ricks|first=Thomas E.|last2=Kim|first2=Yonho|date=2016-03-17|website=Foreign Policy|access-date=2017-04-27}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.networkworld.com/article/3006273/telecommunication/how-a-telecom-investment-in-north-korea-went-horribly-wrong.html|title=How a telecom investment in North Korea went horribly wrong|last=Williams|first=Martyn|date=18 November 2015|publisher=Network World|accessdate=13 March 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nknews.org/2017/02/the-limits-of-north-koreas-meagre-economic-growth|title=The limits of North Korea’s meager economic growth|first=Andrei|last=Lankov|publisher=NK News|date=6 February 2017}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/update-1-orascoms-koryolink-jv-granted-r/update-1-orascoms-koryolink-jv-granted-right-to-operate-in-north-korea-idUSFWN1W70SU|title=UPDATE 1-Orascom's Koryolink JV granted right to operate in North Korea|website=Reuters.com|date=23 September 2018|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nknews.org/2017/12/koryolink-cellphone-service-will-continue-operations-in-north-korea-orascom/|title=Koryolink cellphone service will continue operations in North Korea: Orascom|website=Nknews.org|date=21 December 2017|author=Chad O'Carroll |accessdate=2 March 2019}} 15. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=10345 |title=Daily NK - Koryolink Mobile Internet Launched |author=Park Seong Guk |newspaper=Daily NK |date=26 February 2013 |accessdate=6 April 2013}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=10448 |title=Daily NK - Tourist Internet Cut after a Month |author=Cho Jong Ik |newspaper=Daily NK |date=29 March 2013 |accessdate=6 April 2013}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2011/02/21/report-cell-phone-rentals-to-visitors-suspended/|title=Report: Cell phone rentals to visitors suspended|website=Northkoreatech.org|date=21 February 2011|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 18. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-32925503|title=Bureau 121: How good are Kim Jong-un's elite hackers?|last=Lee|first=Dave|date=2015-05-29|work=BBC News|access-date=2017-04-27|language=en-GB}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2012/02/15/north-korea-cell-phone-ban-report-incorrect-says-orascom/|title=North Korea cell phone ban report incorrect, says Orascom|website=Northkoreatech.org|date=15 February 2012|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.northkoreatech.org/2014/09/02/koryolink-moves-to-plug-censorship-loophole/|title=Koryolink moves to plug censorship loophole|website=Northkoreatech.org|date=2 September 2014|author=Martyn Williams|accessdate=2 March 2019}} External links
3 : Telecommunications companies of North Korea|Mobile phone companies of North Korea|VEON |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。