| 词条 | Kuki-Chin languages |
| 释义 |
|name=Kuki-Chin |altname=Kukish |region=India, Burma, Bangladesh |ethnicity=Kuki, Mizo, Zomi,Chin |familycolor=Sino-Tibetan |fam2=Kuki-Chin–Naga? |child1=Northwestern |child2=Northern |child3=Central |child4=Maraic |child5=Southern |child6=Khomic |glotto=kuki1246 |glottoname=Kuki-Chin |glotto2=karb1240 |glottoname2=Karbic }} The Kuki-Chin languages (also called Kukish or South-Central Tibeto-Burman languages) are a branch of 50 or so Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in northeastern India, western Burma and eastern Bangladesh. Most speakers of these languages are known as Kukī in Assamese and as Chin in Burmese; some also identify as Lushei. Mizo is the most widely spoken of the Kuki-Chin languages. Kuki-Chin is sometimes placed under Kuki-Chin–Naga, a geographical rather than linguistic grouping. Most Kuki-Chin languages are spoken in and around Chin State, Burma, with some languages spoken in Sagaing Division, Magway Region and Rakhine State as well. In Northeast India, many Northern Kuki-Chin languages are also spoken in Mizoram State and southern Manipur State, India, especially in Churachandpur District. Northwestern Kuki-Chin languages are spoken mostly in Chandel District, Manipur. Kuki-Chin is alternatively called South-Central Trans-Himalayan (or South Central Tibeto-Burman) by Konnerth (2018).[1] Internal classificationThe Karbi languages may be closely related to Kuki-Chin, but Thurgood (2003) and van Driem (2011) leave Karbi unclassified within Sino-Tibetan.[2][3] The Kuki-Chin branches listed below are from VanBik (2009), with the Northwestern branch added from Scott DeLancey, et al. (2015),[4] and the Khomic branch (which has been split off from the Southern branch) from Peterson (2017).[5]
Other unclassified Kuki-Chin languages include Darlong and Ranglong. The recently discovered Sorbung language may be mixed language that could classify as either a Kuki-Chin or Tangkhul language (Mortenson & Keogh 2011).[5] Anu-Hkongso speakers self-identify as ethnic Chin people, although their language is closely related to Mru rather than to Kuki-Chin languages. The Mruic languages constitute a separate Tibeto-Burman branch, and are not part of Kuki-Chin.[5]VanBik (2009)Kenneth VanBik's (2009:23) classified the Kuki-Chin languages based on shared sound changes (phonological innovations) from Proto-Kuki-Chin as follows. Kuki-Chin
Peterson (2017)David A. Peterson's (2017:206)[6] internal classification of the Kuki-Chin languages is as follows.
Peterson's Northeastern branch corresponds to VanBik's Northern branch, while Peterson's Northwestern corresponds to the Old Kuki branch of earlier classifications. See also
Notes1. ^Konnerth, Linda. 2018. The historical phonology of Monsang (Northwestern South-Central/“Kuki-Chin”): A case of reduction in phonological complexity. Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 17(1): 19-49. 2. ^Thurgood, Graham (2003) "A subgrouping of the Sino-Tibetan languages: The interaction between language contact, change, and inheritance." In G. Thurgood and R. LaPolla, eds., The Sino-Tibetan languages, pp. 13–14. London: Routledge, {{ISBN|978-0-7007-1129-1}}. 3. ^{{citation |last=van Driem |first=George L. |title=Tibeto-Burman subgroups and historical grammar |journal=Himalayan Linguistics Journal |volume=10 |issue=1 |year=2011a |pages=31–39 |url=http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/HimalayanLinguistics/articles/2011/HLJ1001B.html |postscript=. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112220623/http://www.linguistics.ucsb.edu/HimalayanLinguistics/articles/2011/HLJ1001B.html |archivedate=12 January 2012 |df= }} 4. ^DeLancey, Scott; Krishna Boro; Linda Konnerth1; Amos Teo. 2015. Tibeto-Burman Languages of the Indo-Myanmar borderland. 31st South Asian Languages Analysis Roundtable, 14 May 2015. 5. ^David Mortenson and Jennifer Keogh. 2011. "Sorbung, an Undocumented Language of Manipur: its Phonology and Place in Tibeto-Burman", in JEALS 4, vol 1. 6. ^1 2 3 4 Peterson, David. 2017. "On Kuki-Chin subgrouping." In Picus Sizhi Ding and Jamin Pelkey, eds. Sociohistorical linguistics in Southeast Asia: New horizons for Tibeto-Burman studies in honor of David Bradley, 189-209. Leiden: Brill. References{{refbegin}}
Further reading
External links
3 : Kukish languages|Languages of India|Languages of Bangladesh |
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