| 词条 | Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey |
| 释义 |
The number of Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey is estimated at around 3,000. Since 1984, the Turkish military has embarked on a campaign to eradicate the Kurdistan Workers Party, a militant Kurdish opposition group. As a result, by the year 2000 some 30,000 people have died, and two million Kurdish refugees have been driven out of their homes into overcrowded urban shanty towns.[1][2] BackgroundMuch of the countryside in southeast Turkey has been depopulated by the Turkish government, with Kurdish civilians moving to local defensible centers such as Diyarbakır, Van, and Şırnak, as well as to the cities of western Turkey and even to western Europe. The causes of the depopulation included the poverty of the southeast, and the Turkish state's military operations.[3] Human Rights Watch has documented many instances where the Turkish military forcibly evacuated villages, destroying houses and equipment to prevent the return of the inhabitants. An estimated 3,000 Kurdish villages in Turkey were virtually wiped from the map, representing the displacement of more than 378,000 people.[4] Depopulated and demolished towns and villagesAccording to the Humanitarian Law Project, 2,400 Kurdish villages were destroyed and 18,000 Kurds were executed, by the Turkish government. Other estimates have put the number of destroyed Kurdish villages at over 4,000. In total up to 3,000,000 people (mainly Kurds) have been displaced.[5] An estimated of 1,000,000 are still internally displaced as of 2009.[6] See also
References1. ^Ferhad Ibrahim, Gülistan Gürbey. [https://books.google.com/books?id=qwBdLcnlu_oC&pg=PA167&dq=kurdish+villages+depopulated+by+turkey&hl=en&ei=uMPaS_f9EIjD-QbmmrHhDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=kurdish%20villages%20depopulated%20by%20turkey&f=false The Kurdish conflict in Turkey: obstacles and chances for peace and democracy], Palgrave Macmillan, 2000. pg. 167. {{ISBN|0-312-23629-8}} 2. ^Dahlman, Carl. The Political Geography of Kurdistan {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081003071614/http://people.cas.sc.edu/dahlmanc/Dahlman%202002%20Political%20Geography%20of%20Kurdistan.pdf |date=2008-10-03 }} pg. 11 3. ^{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/S0030-4387(00)00057-0 | author = Radu, Michael | journal = Orbis | volume = 45 | issue = 1 | pages = 47–63 | year = 2001 | title = The Rise and Fall of the PKK |publisher= Foreign Policy Research Institute |location=Philadelphia |oclc= 93642482}} 4. ^{{cite web|url= https://www.hrw.org/reports/2005/turkey0305/3.htm#_Toc97005223 |title=Still critical |publisher=Human Rights Watch|accessdate=2007-09-12|date=March 2005 |volume=17|issue=2|page=3}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lib.unb.ca/Texts/JCS/bin/get.cgi?directory=FALL98/articles/&filename=Gunter.htm |title=Conflict Studies Journal at the University of New Brunswick |publisher=Lib.unb.ca |accessdate=29 August 2010}} 6. ^{{cite web|author=Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) – Norwegian Refugee Council |url=http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/(httpCountrySummaries)/66D21F80E3A69E41C125732200255E35?OpenDocument&count=10000 |title=Need for continued improvement in response to protracted displacement |publisher=Internal-displacement.org |accessdate=15 April 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131234512/http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004CE90B/%28httpCountrySummaries%29/66D21F80E3A69E41C125732200255E35?OpenDocument&count=10000 |archivedate=31 January 2011 |df= }} External links
5 : Persecution of Kurds in Turkey|Former populated places in Turkey|Turkish settlements|Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)|Internal migration |
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