| 词条 | Kochari |
| 释义 |
| Image = Kochari - Armenian folk dance.png | Caption = Young Armenians dancing kochari | ICH = Kochari | State Party = Armenia | Domains = Folk dance | Criteria = | ID = 1295 | Region = ENA | Year = 2017 | Session = 12th | List = | Link = http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/RL/01295 | Below = | Note = }}Kochari ({{Lang-hy|Քոչարի}}, is an Armenian folk dance.[1][2][3] Each region in the Armenian Highlands had its own Kochari, with its unique way of both dancing and music.[4] One type of Yalli, Khigga, Dilan (Halay),[5] a dance common to Assyrians, and Kurds has different forms known as Kochari.[5] Etymology
VersionsJohn Blacking describes Kochari as follows: {{cquote|Group dancing, when dancers imitate jumping goats, is known as kochari. Dancers stand abreast, holding each other's hands, The tempo of the dance ranges from moderate to fast. Squatting and butting an imagined opponent are followed by high jumps.[7]}}ArmenianArmenians have been dancing Kochari for over a thousand years.[8] The dance is danced to a {{music|time|2|4}} rhythm. Dancers form a closed circle, putting their hands on each other's shoulders. The dance is danced by both men and women and is intended to be intimidating. More modern forms of Kochari have added a "tremolo step," which involves shaking the whole body. It spread to the eastern part of Armenia after the Armenian Genocide. AzerbaijaniIt is one of the widely spread dances known as Yalli (Halay) in Azerbaijan, especially in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and surrounding areas. The “Kochari” dancing, consisting of slow and rapid parts, is of three variants. In the men or women lining up one after another or one woman after one man position, a yallihead (holder) holds a stick in his / her hand. This stick isn’t to punish the dancers but factually it has a dancing importance.[9] Today this dancing is played in the ancient Nakhchivan land of which Sharur, Sadarak, Kangarli, Julfa and Shahbuz regions’ folklore collectives and it gives a stimule to the weddings.[9] Kochari along with tenzere has been included to the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding of UNESCO in November 2018 as versions of Yalli dance.[10][11] Kurdish KoçerîKoçerî is a special form of the "Dilan", "Delîlo" or "Şêxanî" kurdish dance, and as the name says, it is very common and more frequently danced by the Kurdish nomads. Koçerî simply means "nomadian" in Kurdish, where "Koçer" means nomad, thus the term is used by Kurds for the dance that nomads dance. Among Kurdish nomads however, this is a specialty, not the only dance they know of.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} Pontic Greek kotsariThe Pontic Greeks and Armenians have many vigorous warlike dances such as the Kochari.[12] Unlike most Pontic dances, the Kotsari is in an even rhythm ({{music|time|2|4}}), originally danced in a closed circle. The dance is very popular today; however, it is often danced differently from the original. There is a consistent, vicious double bounce, also referred to as tremoulo. It is danced hand to shoulder and travels to the right. There are few variations which may be added to the step. It's a dance that tries to scare the viewers. At the start, it is danced by both men and women. Then, men go in front and do their figures.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} See also
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Elia|first=Anthony J.|title=Kochari (Old Armenian Folk Tune) for Solo Piano|url=http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:160871|publisher=Center for Digital Research and Scholarship at Columbia University|accessdate=6 November 2013|year=2013}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=Great Soviet Encyclopedia|year=1953|publisher=Soviet Encyclopedia|location=Moscow|page=170|edition=Second|editor=Vvedensky, Boris|volume=23|language=Russian|quote=КОЧАРИ — армянский народный мужской танец.}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Yuzefovich|first=Victor|title=Aram Khachaturyan|year=1985|publisher=Sphinx Press|location=New York|isbn=9780823686582|page=217|quote=..and in the sixth scene one of the dances of the gladiators is very reminiscent of Kochari, the Armenian folk dance.}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia Volume 4|year=1978|publisher=Armenian Encyclopedia Publishing|location=Yerevan|language=Armenian|p=[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_%28Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia%29_12.djvu/page476-4393px-%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_%28Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia%29_12.djvu.jpg 476]}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|last=Gottlieb|first=Robert|title=Astaire to Zopy-Zopy|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/26/books/astaire-to-zopy-zopy.html|accessdate=6 November 2013|newspaper=New York Times|date=26 July 1998|authorlink=Robert Gottlieb|quote=I find it difficult to imagine someone without a predisposition to read about such matters as this folk dance (One type of yally has various forms known as kochari, uchayag, tello, and galadangalaya; another type is a dance mixed with games called gazy-gazy, zopy-zopy, and chopu-chopu) browsing profitably through Oxford's many hundreds of pages of such information.}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Koçer|url=http://lexin.nada.kth.se/lexin/#searchinfo=from,swe_kmr,Ko%C3%A7er|publisher=Swedish Language Council|accessdate=6 November 2013|language=Swedish}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=Blacking|first=John|title=The Performing Arts: Music and Dance|year=1979|pages=71|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QKs16WBAaiIC&dq=kochari+dance&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s}} 8. ^Kochari // Music encyclopedic dictionary / Yu.V. Keldysh, M.G. Aranovsky, L.Z. Korabelnikova — Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 1990. — p. 275. 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.nakhchivan.az/portal-en/mil-reqs.htm|title=The National Dancings|publisher=Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|accessdate=6 November 2013}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://en.unesco.org/news/intangible-heritage-seven-elements-inscribed-list-need-urgent-safeguarding|title=Intangible Heritage: Seven elements inscribed on the List in Need of Urgent Safeguarding|last=|first=|date=|website=UNESCO|language=en|archive-url=https://en.unesco.org/news/intangible-heritage-seven-elements-inscribed-list-need-urgent-safeguarding|archive-date=2018-11-29|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-29}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/yalli-kochari-tenzere-traditional-group-dances-of-nakhchivan-01190?USL=01190|title=Yalli (Kochari, Tenzere), traditional group dances of Nakhchivan - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO|last=|first=|date=|website=ich.unesco.org|language=en|archive-url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/yalli-kochari-tenzere-traditional-group-dances-of-nakhchivan-01190?USL=01190|archive-date=2018-11-29|dead-url=|access-date=2018-11-29}} 12. ^Greece - Page 67 by Paul Hellander, Kate Armstrong, Michael Clark, Des Hannigan, Victoria Kyriakopoulos, Miriam Raphael, Andrew Ston External links
8 : Armenian dances|Armenian music|Assyrian dances|Greek dances|Iranian dances|Kurdish music|Azerbaijani dances|Circle dances |
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