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词条 KOI-7
释义

  1. {{anchor|N0}}KOI-7 N0

  2. {{anchor|N1}}KOI-7 N1

  3. {{anchor|N2}}KOI-7 N2

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. Further reading

{{infobox character encoding
|name = Short KOI
|kermit = SHORT-KOI
|alias = KOI-7 N2, ВКД
|standard = GOST 13052, GOST 27463
|classification = 7-bit KOI encoding
|lang = Russian
|prev = MTK-2
|next = KOI-8
|otherrelated = YUSCII, ISO 646
}}{{infobox character encoding
|name = KOI-7 Switched
|mime = KOI7-switched
|alias = csKOI7switched
|standard = GOST 13052, GOST 27463
|classification = 7-bit stateful KOI encoding
|encodes = ISO 646:IRV (shift-in)
KOI-7 N1 (shift-out)
|lang = Russian
|prev = MTK-2
|next = KOI-8
|otherrelated = YUSCII
}}

KOI-7 (КОИ-7) is a 7-bit character encoding, designed to cover Russian, which uses the Cyrillic alphabet.

In Russian, KOI-7 stands for Kod Obmena Informatsiey, 7 bit (Код Обмена Информацией, 7 бит) which means "Code for Information Exchange, 7 bit".

It was first standardized in GOST 13052-67 (with the 2nd revision GOST 13052-74 / ST SEV 356-76) and GOST 27463-87 / ST SEV 356-86.

Shift Out (SO) and Shift In (SI) control characters are used in KOI-7, where SO starts printing Russian letters (KOI-7 N1), and SI starts printing Latin letters again (KOI-7 N0), or for lowercase and uppercase switching. This version is also known as KOI7-switched aka csKOI7switched.[2][3]

On ISO 2022 compatible computer terminals KOI7-switched can be activated by the escape sequence ESC ( @ ESC ) N LS0.[2]

KOI-7 was used on machines like the SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) and DVK (ДВК); KOI-7 N2 was utilized in the machine-language of the {{ill|Электроника Д3-28|ru}} (Elektronika D3-28) as four-digit hexadecimal code, {{ill|БЭСМ-6|ru}} (BESM-6), where it was called ВКД, (internal data code). The encodings were also used on RSX-11, RT-11 and similar systems.[5]

{{anchor|N0}}KOI-7 N0

KOI-7 N0[2] (КОИ-7 Н0) is identical to the IRV set in ISO 646:1967.[2] Compared to US-ASCII, the dollar sign ("$") at code point 24 (hex) was replaced by the universal currency sign "¤", but this was not maintained in all cases, in particular not after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Likewise, the IRV set in 1991 also changed the character back to a dollar sign.

{{chset-table-header|KOI-7 N0}}
0_
0		{{chset-ctrl|0000|NUL|0}}{{chset-ctrl|0001|SOH|1}}{{chset-ctrl|0002|STX|2}}{{chset-ctrl|0003|ETX|3}}{{chset-ctrl|0004|EOT|4}}{{chset-ctrl|0005|ENQ|5}}{{chset-ctrl|0006|ACK|6}}{{chset-ctrl|0007|BEL|7}}{{chset-ctrl|0008|BS|8}}{{chset-ctrl|0009|HT|9}}{{chset-ctrl|000A|LF|10}}{{chset-ctrl|000B|VT|11}}{{chset-ctrl|000C|FF|12}}{{chset-ctrl|000D|CR|13}}{{chset-ctrl|000E|SO|14}}{{chset-ctrl|000F|SI|15}}
1_
16		{{chset-ctrl|0010|DLE|16}}{{chset-ctrl|0011|DC1|17}}{{chset-ctrl|0012|DC2|18}}{{chset-ctrl|0013|DC3|19}}{{chset-ctrl|0014|DC4|20}}{{chset-ctrl|0015|NAK|21}}{{chset-ctrl|0016|SYN|22}}{{chset-ctrl|0017|ETB|23}}{{chset-ctrl|0018|CAN|24}}{{chset-ctrl|0019|EM|25}}{{chset-ctrl|001A|SUB|26}}{{chset-ctrl|001B|ESC|27}}{{chset-ctrl|001C|FS|28}}{{chset-ctrl|001D|GS|29}}{{chset-ctrl|001E|RS|30}}{{chset-ctrl|001F|US|31}}
2_
32		{{chset-ctrl|0020|SP|32}}{{chset-cell|0021|!|33}}{{chset-cell|0022|"|34}}{{chset-cell|0023|#|35}}{{chset-cell|00A4/0024|¤/$|36}}{{chset-cell|0025|%|37}}{{chset-cell|0026|&|38}}{{chset-cell|0027|'|39}}{{chset-cell|0028|(|40}}{{chset-cell|0029|)|41}}{{chset-cell|002A|*|42}}{{chset-cell|002B|+|43}}{{chset-cell|002C|, |44}}{{chset-cell|002D|-|45}}{{chset-cell|002E|.|46}}{{chset-cell|002F|/ |47}}
3_
48		{{chset-cell|0030|0|48}}{{chset-cell|0031|1|49}}{{chset-cell|0032|2|50}}{{chset-cell|0033|3|51}}{{chset-cell|0034|4|52}}{{chset-cell|0035|5|53}}{{chset-cell|0036|6|54}}{{chset-cell|0037|7|55}}{{chset-cell|0038|8|56}}{{chset-cell|0039|9|57}}{{chset-cell|003A|:|58}}{{chset-cell|003B|;|59}}{{chset-cell|003C|<|60}}{{chset-cell|003D|=|61}}{{chset-cell|003E|>|62}}{{chset-cell|003F|?|63}}
4_
64		{{chset-cell|0040|@|64}}{{chset-cell|0041|A|65}}{{chset-cell|0042|B|66}}{{chset-cell|0043|C|67}}{{chset-cell|0044|D|68}}{{chset-cell|0045|E|69}}{{chset-cell|0046|F|70}}{{chset-cell|0047|G|71}}{{chset-cell|0048|H|72}}{{chset-cell|0049|I|73}}{{chset-cell|004A|J|74}}{{chset-cell|004B|K|75}}{{chset-cell|004C|L|76}}{{chset-cell|004D|M|77}}{{chset-cell|004E|N|78}}{{chset-cell|004F|O|79}}
5_
80		{{chset-cell|0050|P|80}}{{chset-cell|0051|Q|81}}{{chset-cell|0052|R|82}}{{chset-cell|0053|S|83}}{{chset-cell|0054|T|84}}{{chset-cell|0055|U|85}}{{chset-cell|0056|V|86}}{{chset-cell|0057|W|87}}{{chset-cell|0058|X|88}}{{chset-cell|0059|Y|89}}{{chset-cell|005A|Z|90}}{{chset-cell|005B|[|91}}{{chset-cell|005C|\|92}}{{chset-cell|005D|]|93}}{{chset-cell|005E|^|94}}{{chset-cell|005F|_|95}}
6_
96		{{chset-cell|0060|`|96}}{{chset-cell|0061|a|97}}{{chset-cell|0062|b|98}}{{chset-cell|0063|c|99}}{{chset-cell|0064|d|100}}{{chset-cell|0065|e|101}}{{chset-cell|0066|f|102}}{{chset-cell|0067|g|103}}{{chset-cell|0068|h|104}}{{chset-cell|0069|i|105}}{{chset-cell|006A|j|106}}{{chset-cell|006B|k|107}}{{chset-cell|006C|l|108}}{{chset-cell|006D|m|109}}{{chset-cell|006E|n|110}}{{chset-cell|006F|o|111}}
7_
112		{{chset-cell|0070|p|112}}{{chset-cell|0071|q|113}}{{chset-cell|0072|r|114}}{{chset-cell|0073|s|115}}{{chset-cell|0074|t|116}}{{chset-cell|0075|u|117}}{{chset-cell|0076|v|118}}{{chset-cell|0077|w|119}}{{chset-cell|0078|x|120}}{{chset-cell|0079|y|121}}{{chset-cell|007A|z|122}}{{chset-cell|007B|{|123}}{{chset-cell|007C|||124}}{{chset-cell|007D|}|125}}{{chset-cell|007E|~|126}}{{chset-ctrl|007F|DEL|127}}

{{anchor|N1}}KOI-7 N1

KOI-7 N1 (КОИ-7 Н1) was first standardized in GOST 13052-67,[10][11][12] and later also in ISO 5427.[2] It is sometimes referred to as "koi-0" as well.[11]

Compared to ASCII and ISO 646 uppercase and lowercase letters are swapped in order to make it easier to recognize Russian text when presented using ASCII.[11]

To trim the alphabet into chunks of 32 characters the dotted Ё/ë was dropped.[11] In order to avoid conflicts with ASCII's and ISO 646's definition as DEL and its usage as EOF marker (-1) in some systems, it dropped the "CAPITAL HARD SIGN" Ъ that would have naturally resided at this location.[11]

In a Bulgarian variant the unnecessary Russian "CAPITAL YERY" Ы at code point 121 was replaced by the "CAPITAL HARD SIGN" Ъ.[11]

{{chset-table-header|KOI-7 N1[12]}}
0_
0		{{chset-ctrl|0000|NUL|0}}{{chset-ctrl|0001|SOH|1}}{{chset-ctrl|0002|STX|2}}{{chset-ctrl|0003|ETX|3}}{{chset-ctrl|0004|EOT|4}}{{chset-ctrl|0005|ENQ|5}}{{chset-ctrl|0006|ACK|6}}{{chset-ctrl|0007|BEL|7}}{{chset-ctrl|0008|BS|8}}{{chset-ctrl|0009|HT|9}}{{chset-ctrl|000A|LF|10}}{{chset-ctrl|000B|VT|11}}{{chset-ctrl|000C|FF|12}}{{chset-ctrl|000D|CR|13}}{{chset-ctrl|000E|SO|14}}{{chset-ctrl|000F|SI|15}}
1_
16		{{chset-ctrl|0010|DLE|16}}{{chset-ctrl|0011|DC1|17}}{{chset-ctrl|0012|DC2|18}}{{chset-ctrl|0013|DC3|19}}{{chset-ctrl|0014|DC4|20}}{{chset-ctrl|0015|NAK|21}}{{chset-ctrl|0016|SYN|22}}{{chset-ctrl|0017|ETB|23}}{{chset-ctrl|0018|CAN|24}}{{chset-ctrl|0019|EM|25}}{{chset-ctrl|001A|SUB|26}}{{chset-ctrl|001B|ESC|27}}{{chset-ctrl|001C|FS|28}}{{chset-ctrl|001D|GS|29}}{{chset-ctrl|001E|RS|30}}{{chset-ctrl|001F|US|31}}
2_
32		{{chset-ctrl|0020|SP|32}}{{chset-cell|0021|!|33}}{{chset-cell|0022|"|34}}{{chset-cell|0023|#|35}}{{chset-cell|00A4/0024|¤/$|36}}{{chset-cell|0025|%|37}}{{chset-cell|0026|&|38}}{{chset-cell|0027|'|39}}{{chset-cell|0028|(|40}}{{chset-cell|0029|)|41}}{{chset-cell|002A|*|42}}{{chset-cell|002B|+|43}}{{chset-cell|002C|, |44}}{{chset-cell|002D|-|45}}{{chset-cell|002E|.|46}}{{chset-cell|002F|/ |47}}
3_
48		{{chset-cell|0030|0|48}}{{chset-cell|0031|1|49}}{{chset-cell|0032|2|50}}{{chset-cell|0033|3|51}}{{chset-cell|0034|4|52}}{{chset-cell|0035|5|53}}{{chset-cell|0036|6|54}}{{chset-cell|0037|7|55}}{{chset-cell|0038|8|56}}{{chset-cell|0039|9|57}}{{chset-cell|003A|:|58}}{{chset-cell|003B|;|59}}{{chset-cell|003C|<|60}}{{chset-cell|003D|=|61}}{{chset-cell|003E|>|62}}{{chset-cell|003F|?|63}}
4_
64		{{chset-cell|044E|ю|64}}{{chset-cell|0430|а|65}}{{chset-cell|0431|б|66}}{{chset-cell|0446|ц|67}}{{chset-cell|0434|д|68}}{{chset-cell|0435|е|69}}{{chset-cell|0444|ф|70}}{{chset-cell|0433|г|71}}{{chset-cell|0445|х|72}}{{chset-cell|0438|и|73}}{{chset-cell|0439|й|74}}{{chset-cell|043A|к|75}}{{chset-cell|043B|л|76}}{{chset-cell|043C|м|77}}{{chset-cell|043D|н|78}}{{chset-cell|043E|о|79}}
5_
80		{{chset-cell|043F|п|80}}{{chset-cell|044F|я|81}}{{chset-cell|0440|р|82}}{{chset-cell|0441|с|83}}{{chset-cell|0442|т|84}}{{chset-cell|0443|у|85}}{{chset-cell|0436|ж|86}}{{chset-cell|0432|в|87}}{{chset-cell|044C|ь|88}}{{chset-cell|044B|ы|89}}{{chset-cell|0437|з|90}}{{chset-cell|0448|ш|91}}{{chset-cell|044D|э|92}}{{chset-cell|0449|щ|93}}{{chset-cell|0447|ч|94}}{{chset-cell|044A|ъ|95}}
6_
96		{{chset-cell|042E|Ю|96}}{{chset-cell|0410|А|97}}{{chset-cell|0411|Б|98}}{{chset-cell|0426|Ц|99}}{{chset-cell|0414|Д|100}}{{chset-cell|0415|Е|101}}{{chset-cell|0424|Ф|102}}{{chset-cell|0413|Г|103}}{{chset-cell|0425|Х|104}}{{chset-cell|0418|И|105}}{{chset-cell|0419|Й|106}}{{chset-cell|041A|К|107}}{{chset-cell|041B|Л|108}}{{chset-cell|041C|М|109}}{{chset-cell|041D|Н|110}}{{chset-cell|041E|О|111}}
7_
112		{{chset-cell|041F|П|112}}{{chset-cell|042F|Я|113}}{{chset-cell|0420|Р|114}}{{chset-cell|0421|С|115}}{{chset-cell|0422|Т|116}}{{chset-cell|0423|У|117}}{{chset-cell|0416|Ж|118}}{{chset-cell|0412|В|119}}{{chset-cell|042C|Ь|120}}{{chset-cell|042B/042A|Ы/Ъ|121}}{{chset-cell|0417|З|122}}{{chset-cell|0428|Ш|123}}{{chset-cell|042D|Э|124}}{{chset-cell|0429|Щ|125}}{{chset-cell|0427|Ч|126}}{{chset-ctrl|007F|DEL|127}}

{{anchor|N2}}KOI-7 N2

KOI-7 N2 (КОИ-7 Н2), like KOI-7 N1, was also standardized in GOST 13052-67.[12]Kermit names it SHORT-KOI / short-koi.[22][23]{{chset-table-header|KOI-7 N2[12][23]}}
0_
0		{{chset-ctrl|0000|NUL|0}}{{chset-ctrl|0001|SOH|1}}{{chset-ctrl|0002|STX|2}}{{chset-ctrl|0003|ETX|3}}{{chset-ctrl|0004|EOT|4}}{{chset-ctrl|0005|ENQ|5}}{{chset-ctrl|0006|ACK|6}}{{chset-ctrl|0007|BEL|7}}{{chset-ctrl|0008|BS|8}}{{chset-ctrl|0009|HT|9}}{{chset-ctrl|000A|LF|10}}{{chset-ctrl|000B|VT|11}}{{chset-ctrl|000C|FF|12}}{{chset-ctrl|000D|CR|13}}{{chset-ctrl|000E|SO|14}}{{chset-ctrl|000F|SI|15}}
1_
16		{{chset-ctrl|0010|DLE|16}}{{chset-ctrl|0011|DC1|17}}{{chset-ctrl|0012|DC2|18}}{{chset-ctrl|0013|DC3|19}}{{chset-ctrl|0014|DC4|20}}{{chset-ctrl|0015|NAK|21}}{{chset-ctrl|0016|SYN|22}}{{chset-ctrl|0017|ETB|23}}{{chset-ctrl|0018|CAN|24}}{{chset-ctrl|0019|EM|25}}{{chset-ctrl|001A|SUB|26}}{{chset-ctrl|001B|ESC|27}}{{chset-ctrl|001C|FS|28}}{{chset-ctrl|001D|GS|29}}{{chset-ctrl|001E|RS|30}}{{chset-ctrl|001F|US|31}}
2_
32		{{chset-ctrl|0020|SP|32}}{{chset-cell|0021|!|33}}{{chset-cell|0022|"|34}}{{chset-cell|0023|#|35}}{{chset-cell|00A4/0024|¤/$|36}}{{chset-cell|0025|%|37}}{{chset-cell|0026|&|38}}{{chset-cell|0027|'|39}}{{chset-cell|0028|(|40}}{{chset-cell|0029|)|41}}{{chset-cell|002A|*|42}}{{chset-cell|002B|+|43}}{{chset-cell|002C|, |44}}{{chset-cell|002D|-|45}}{{chset-cell|002E|.|46}}{{chset-cell|002F|/ |47}}
3_
48		{{chset-cell|0030|0|48}}{{chset-cell|0031|1|49}}{{chset-cell|0032|2|50}}{{chset-cell|0033|3|51}}{{chset-cell|0034|4|52}}{{chset-cell|0035|5|53}}{{chset-cell|0036|6|54}}{{chset-cell|0037|7|55}}{{chset-cell|0038|8|56}}{{chset-cell|0039|9|57}}{{chset-cell|003A|:|58}}{{chset-cell|003B|;|59}}{{chset-cell|003C|<|60}}{{chset-cell|003D|=|61}}{{chset-cell|003E|>|62}}{{chset-cell|003F|?|63}}
4_
64		{{chset-cell|0040|@|64}}{{chset-cell|0041|A|65}}{{chset-cell|0042|B|66}}{{chset-cell|0043|C|67}}{{chset-cell|0044|D|68}}{{chset-cell|0045|E|69}}{{chset-cell|0046|F|70}}{{chset-cell|0047|G|71}}{{chset-cell|0048|H|72}}{{chset-cell|0049|I|73}}{{chset-cell|004A|J|74}}{{chset-cell|004B|K|75}}{{chset-cell|004C|L|76}}{{chset-cell|004D|M|77}}{{chset-cell|004E|N|78}}{{chset-cell|004F|O|79}}
5_
80		{{chset-cell|0050|P|80}}{{chset-cell|0051|Q|81}}{{chset-cell|0052|R|82}}{{chset-cell|0053|S|83}}{{chset-cell|0054|T|84}}{{chset-cell|0055|U|85}}{{chset-cell|0056|V|86}}{{chset-cell|0057|W|87}}{{chset-cell|0058|X|88}}{{chset-cell|0059|Y|89}}{{chset-cell|005A|Z|90}}{{chset-cell|005B|[|91}}{{chset-cell|005C|\|92}}{{chset-cell|005D|]|93}}{{chset-cell|2191/005E|↑/^|94}}{{chset-cell|005F|_|95}}
6_
96		{{chset-cell|042E|Ю|96}}{{chset-cell|0410|А|97}}{{chset-cell|0411|Б| 98}}{{chset-cell|0426|Ц|99}}{{chset-cell|0414|Д|100}}{{chset-cell|0415|Е|101}}{{chset-cell|0424|Ф|102}}{{chset-cell|0413|Г|103}}{{chset-cell|0425|Х|104}}{{chset-cell|0418|И|105}}{{chset-cell|0419|Й|106}}{{chset-cell|041A|К|107}}{{chset-cell|041B|Л|108}}{{chset-cell|041C|М|109}}{{chset-cell|041D|Н|110}}{{chset-cell|041E|О|111}}
7_
112		{{chset-cell|041F|П|112}}{{chset-cell|042F|Я|113}}{{chset-cell|0420|Р|114}}{{chset-cell|0421|С|115}}{{chset-cell|0422|Т|116}}{{chset-cell|0423|У|117}}{{chset-cell|0416|Ж|118}}{{chset-cell|0412|В|119}}{{chset-cell|042C|Ь|120}}{{chset-cell|042B|Ы|121}}{{chset-cell|0417|З|122}}{{chset-cell|0428|Ш|123}}{{chset-cell|042D|Э|124}}{{chset-cell|0429|Щ|125}}{{chset-cell|0427|Ч|126}}{{chset-ctrl|007F|DEL|127}}

See also

  • KOI character encodings
    • KOI-8
    • KOI8-R
    • KOI8-U
  • YUSCII (SLOSCII, CROSCII, SRPSCII, MAKSCII)
  • CP 866
  • Windows-1251

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title=Charset name: KOI7-switched |author-first=Michael |author-last=Sokolov |date=2004-01-23 |url=http://www.iana.org/assignments/charset-reg/KOI7-switched |publisher=International Free Computing Task Force (IFCTF) |access-date=2016-12-02 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203003600/https://www.iana.org/assignments/charset-reg/KOI7-switched |archive-date=2016-12-02}}
2. ^1 {{cite book |author-first=John |author-last=Clews |title=Language Automation Worldwide - The Development of Character Set Standards |date=1988 |publisher=Sesame Computer Projects |isbn=1-87009501-4 |id={{ISBN|978-1-87009501-3}} |edition=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LWq5AAAAIAAJ}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title=The Cyrillic Charset Soup |url=http://czyborra.com/charsets/cyrillic.html |access-date=2016-12-03 |author-first=Roman |author-last=Czyborra |orig-year=1998-05-25 |date=1998-11-30 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203230933/http://czyborra.com/charsets/cyrillic.html |archive-date=2016-12-03}}        
4. ^1 {{cite web |title=Kermit and MIME Character-Set Names |author-first=Frank |author-last=da Cruz |date=2010-04-02 |work=The Kermit Project |publisher=Columbia University, New York, USA |url=http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/csetnames.html |access-date=2016-12-02 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203021217/http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/csetnames.html |archive-date=2016-12-02}}
5. ^1 {{cite web |title=Character Sets |date=2013-12-20 |editor-first1=Ned |editor-last1=Freed |editor-first2=Martin |editor-last2=Dürst |id=RFC2978 |url=https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets/character-sets.xhtml |access-date=2016-12-03 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203235506/https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets/character-sets.xhtml |archive-date=2016-12-03}}
6. ^1 {{cite web |title=Review of 8-bit Cyrillic encodings universe |author-first=Valentin |author-last=Nechayev |date=2013 |orig-year=2001 |url=http://segfault.kiev.ua/cyrillic-encodings/ |access-date=2016-12-05 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205134629/http://segfault.kiev.ua/cyrillic-encodings/ |archive-date=2016-12-05}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |author-first=Yu. E. |author-last=Hohlov |title=Cyrillic Information Representation in Electronic Form - Character Set (Code Page) Tables |url=http://www.iis.ru/cyrillic/resource/tables.en.html |access-date=2016-12-05 |dead-url=no |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205140054/http://www.iis.ru/cyrillic/resource/tables.en.html |archive-date=2016-12-05}}
8. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=SHORT KOI (KOI-7) |work=Kermit |publisher=Columbia University |url=ftp://kermit.columbia.edu/kermit/charsets/shortkoi.txt |access-date=2017-02-17}}
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
}}

Further reading

  • {{cite web |title=CYRILLIC ENCODING FAQ Version 1.3 |version=1.3 |date=1993-03-13 |author-first1=Andras |author-last1=Kornai |author-first2=David J. |author-last2=Birnbaum |author-first3=Frank |author-last3=da Cruz

|author-first4=Bur |author-last4=Davis
|author-first5=George |author-last5=Fowler
|author-first6=Richard B. |author-last6=Paine
|author-first7=Slava |author-last7=Paperno
|author-first8=Keld J. |author-last8=Simonsen
|author-first9=Glenn E. |author-last9=Thobe
|author-first10=Dimitri |author-last10=Vulis
|author-first11=Johan W. |author-last11=van Wingen |url=ftp://kermit.columbia.edu/kermit/charsets/cyrillic-summary.txt |access-date=2017-02-18 |dead-url=no}}{{Cyrillic encodings}}{{Character encoding}}

1 : Character sets
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