| 词条 | Lakewood, Colorado | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Lakewood, Colorado |settlement_type = Home Rule Municipality |motto = |image_skyline = Lakewood, CO.jpg |imagesize = 350px |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = File:Jefferson County Colorado Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Lakewood Highlighted 0843000.svg |mapsize = 250x200px |map_caption = Location of Lakewood in Jefferson County, Colorado |image_map1 = Map of USA CO.svg |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = Location of Colorado in the United States |image_dot_map = |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Colorado |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Jefferson County[1] |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = Home Rule Municipality[1] |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Adam Paul |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = 1889 |established_title2 = Incorporated |established_date2 = 1969[2] |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = [3] |area_total_km2 = 114.10 |area_land_km2 = 111.04 |area_water_km2 = 3.06 |area_total_sq_mi = 44.05 |area_land_sq_mi = 42.87 |area_water_sq_mi = 1.18 |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2010 |population_est = 154393 |pop_est_as_of = 2016 |pop_est_footnotes = [5] |population_footnotes = [4] |population_total = 142980 |population_rank = US: 169th |population_density_km2 = 1390.44 |population_density_sq_mi = 3601.25 |population_metro = 2,814,330 (US: 19th) |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = MST |utc_offset = -7 |timezone_DST = MDT |utc_offset_DST = -6 |coordinates = {{coord|39|42|17|N|105|04|53|W|region:US-CO|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = [5] |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 5518 |postal_code_type = ZIP codes |postal_code = Denver 80214-80215, 80227, 80226-80228, 80232, 80235-80236 Golden 80401 Littleton 80123 |area_code = Both 303 and 720 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 08-43000 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0181620 |blank2_name = Highways |blank2_info = I-70, US 6, US 40, US 285, SH 8, SH 95, SH 121, SH 391, SH 470 |website = City of Lakewood |footnotes = }} Lakewood is a Home Rule Municipality which is the most populous municipality in Jefferson County, Colorado, United States. Lakewood is the fifth most populous city in the State of Colorado and the 172nd most populous city in the United States. The city population was 142,980 at the 2010 United States Census. Lakewood is west of Denver and is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area. HistoryThe urban/suburban development of the community known as Lakewood was begun in 1889 by Charles Welch and W.A.H. Loveland, who platted a 13-block area along Colfax Avenue west of Denver in eastern Jefferson County. Loveland, the former president of the Colorado Central Railroad, retired to the new community of Lakewood after many years of living in Golden.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} Until 1969, the area known as Lakewood had no municipal government, relying instead on several water districts, several fire districts, and the government of Jefferson County. Lakewood was a community with policing provided by the Jefferson County Sheriff, several volunteer staffed fire districts, and some neighborhoods without street lights and sidewalks. However, the community had already existed for about 80 years.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} The City of Lakewood was incorporated in 1969 as Jefferson City. Soon after, an election was held and the city's name was changed to Lakewood. This was due to an overwhelming dislike of "Jefferson City" and the perceived notion it would be confused with existing communities in Colorado and Missouri.[6] At the time of incorporation the city population was already over 90,000.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} Lakewood never had a traditional downtown area. {{citation needed|date=July 2015}} West Colfax Avenue served the metropolitan area as U.S. Route 40 and the main route joining Denver with the Rocky Mountains.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} As such, Colfax from Harlan west to Kipling and beyond had mostly commercial establishment. In addition to the Jewish Consumptive Relief Society (JCRS) for TB patients, the small frame Methodist Church, and telephone exchange, there emerged by the 1950s grocery and drug stores, gas stations, restaurants & taverns, several motels, branch banks, a movie theater, roller rink, bowling alley, and used car lots. Several multi-business "shopping centers" developed followed by much larger centers at JCRS and Westland. The Villa Italia Mall on West Alameda Avenue, twenty blocks south of Colfax, reflected the southward expansion of Lakewood settlement and housed a larger concentration of retail space. As the mall went into decline, the Lakewood City Council developed a plan to demolish the Villa Italia Mall and replace it with a new development called Belmar.[7] In 2011, Lakewood was named an All-America City for the first time. GeographyLakewood is located at {{Coord|39|42|17|N|105|04|53|W|type:city}} at an elevation of {{convert|5518|ft|m}}.[5] Located at the junction of U.S. Route 6 and Colorado State Highway 121 in central Colorado, the city lies immediately west of Denver and {{convert|62|mi|km}} north-northwest of Colorado Springs.[8][9] Lakewood lies in the Colorado Piedmont on the western edge of the Great Plains just east of the Front Range of the Southern Rocky Mountains.[8][10][11] Green Mountain, a mesa {{convert|6854|ft|m}} tall, is located in the far west-central part of the city.[8] The city is located in the watershed of the South Platte River, and several small tributaries of the river flow generally east through it. From north to south, these include Lakewood Gulch, Weir Gulch, Sanderson Gulch, and Bear Creek. Two tributaries of Lakewood Gulch, Dry Gulch and McIntyre Gulch, flow east through the northern part of the city. Turkey Creek, a tributary of Bear Creek, flows northeast through the far southwestern part of the city. In addition, Lena Gulch, a tributary of Clear Creek to the north, flows east then north through the extreme northwestern part of the city.[8] There are several small lakes and reservoirs in Lakewood. The Soda Lakes lie in the extreme southwestern part of the city. East of them lies Bear Creek Lake, a reservoir fed by Bear Creek and Turkey Creek. Clustered near each other in central Lakewood are Main Reservoir, East Reservoir, Smith Reservoir, Kendrick Lake, and Cottonwood Lake. Northeast of them lies Kountze Lake. In the northwestern part of the city, Lena Gulch both feeds and drains Maple Grove Reservoir. In the extreme southern part of the city lies Bowles Reservoir No. 1 and, just outside the city limits to the reservoir's northeast, Marston Lake.[8] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|44.06|sqmi|km2}} of which {{convert|42.88|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|1.18|sqmi|km2}} (2.7%) is water.[12] As a suburb of Denver, Lakewood is part of both the greater Denver metropolitan area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.[13] It borders other communities on all sides including: Wheat Ridge to the north, Edgewater to the northeast, Denver to the east and southeast, Dakota Ridge to the south, Morrison to the southwest, and Golden, West Pleasant View, East Pleasant View, and Applewood to the northwest.[12] ClimateLakewood experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) featuring mild and snowy winters and warm to hot summers, with great temperature differences (about 30 degrees Fahrenheit) between day and night. Precipitation is concentrated in the spring and summer months. {{Weather box|location = Lakewood, Colorado |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 72 | Feb record high F = 74 | Mar record high F = 84 | Apr record high F = 86 | May record high F = 94 | Jun record high F = 104 | Jul record high F = 101 | Aug record high F = 100 | Sep record high F = 96 | Oct record high F = 89 | Nov record high F = 88 | Dec record high F = 74 |year record high F = 104 | Jan high F = 43.6 | Feb high F = 46.7 | Mar high F = 52.5 | Apr high F = 58.8 | May high F = 68.4 | Jun high F = 79.6 | Jul high F = 85.8 | Aug high F = 83.9 | Sep high F = 75.5 | Oct high F = 64.5 | Nov high F = 51.0 | Dec high F = 44.8 |year high F = 62.9 | Jan low F = 12.7 | Feb low F = 15.9 | Mar low F = 21.9 | Apr low F = 29.7 | May low F = 39.2 | Jun low F = 48.9 | Jul low F = 54.6 | Aug low F = 52.7 | Sep low F = 43.0 | Oct low F = 32.2 | Nov low F = 21.0 | Dec low F = 14.1 |year low F = 32.2 | Jan record low F = −26 | Feb record low F = −23 | Mar record low F = −11 | Apr record low F = −1 | May record low F = 12 | Jun record low F = 27 | Jul record low F = 37 | Aug record low F = 41 | Sep record low F = 16 | Oct record low F = 5 | Nov record low F = −5 | Dec record low F = −25 |year record low F = −26 |precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 0.48 | Feb precipitation inch = 0.46 | Mar precipitation inch = 1.37 | Apr precipitation inch = 2.08 | May precipitation inch = 2.59 | Jun precipitation inch = 2.17 | Jul precipitation inch = 1.87 | Aug precipitation inch = 1.83 | Sep precipitation inch = 1.45 | Oct precipitation inch = 1.02 | Nov precipitation inch = 1.14 | Dec precipitation inch = 0.60 | Jan snow inch = 8.6 | Feb snow inch = 6.7 | Mar snow inch = 11.9 | Apr snow inch = 10.0 | May snow inch = 1.3 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0.9 | Oct snow inch = 3.3 | Nov snow inch = 12.1 | Dec snow inch = 8.7 |source 1 = [14] |date=February 2011 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1960= 19338 |1970= 92743 |1980= 113808 |1990= 126481 |2000= 144126 |2010= 142980 |estyear=2016 |estimate=154393 |estref=[15] |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census[16] }} As of the 2010 census, there were 142,980 people, 61,986 households, and 35,882 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,334.4 people per square mile (1,286.9/km²). There were 65,758 housing units at an average density of 1,533.5 per square mile (591.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 82.9% White, 3.1% Asian, 1.6% Black, 1.4% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 7.7% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanics and Latinos of any race were 22.0% of the population.[17] There were 61,986 households out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.1% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27, and the average family size was 2.92.[17] The distribution of the population by age was 20.8% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.2 years. The gender makeup of the city was 48.9% male and 51.1% female.[17] The median income for a household in the city was $52,960, and the median income for a family was $66,947. Males had a median income of $46,907 versus $41,476 for females. The city's per capita income was $30,027. About 9.1% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.[17] EconomyLakewood's economy is diverse while the largest employers are government. Companies based in Lakewood include Einstein Bros. Bagels, 1stBank, and The Integer Group. As of 2013, 67.3% of the population over the age of 16 was in the labor force. 0.1% was in the armed forces, and 67.3% was in the civilian labor force with 61.1% employed and 6.2% unemployed. The occupational composition of the employed civilian labor force was: 38.6% in management, business, science, and arts; 25.9% in sales and office occupations; 16.9% in service occupations; 9.9% in production, transportation, and material moving; 8.7% in natural resources, construction, and maintenance. The three industries employing the largest percentages of the working civilian labor force were: educational services, health care, and social assistance (18.4%); professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services (13.8%); retail trade (11.9%).[17] The cost of living in Lakewood is above average; compared to a U.S. average of 100, the cost of living index for the community is 107.4.[18] As of 2013, the median home value in the city was $238,500, the median selected monthly owner cost was $1,546 for housing units with a mortgage and $442 for those without, and the median gross rent was $940.[17] Top employersAccording to the City's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:[19]
GovernmentLakewood maintains a council/manager form of government. Citizens elect a City Council consisting of the mayor, who is elected at-large, and 10 City Council members, two from each of the city's five geographical wards. The mayor and the council members assert the policies for the operation of the city government. As of 2018, the Mayor is Adam Paul. The Council members representing the first ward are Ramey Johnson and Charley Able, Jacob LaBure and Sharon Vincent represent the second ward, Pete Roybal and Micheal Bieda represent the third ward, David Skilling and Barb Franks represent the fourth ward, and the fifth ward is represented by Karen Harrison and Dana Gutwein. The City of Lakewood falls into Colorado House District 26 and House District 23. Lakewood is represented in the state House by Rep. Chris Kennedy and Rep. Brittany Pettersen.[20] EducationLakewood also houses Lakewood High School, Green Mountain High School, Bear Creek High School, Brady Exploration High School, Alameda International High School, and International Baccalaureate schools in Jefferson County. Lakewood is also home to Colorado Christian University and Colorado School of Trades. I The town is serviced by the Jefferson County Public Library. Points of interestLandmarks and historical points of interest include:{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}
Notable people{{main|List of people from Lakewood, Colorado}}Notable individuals who were born in or have lived in Lakewood include geospatial software pioneer Sol Katz,[22] guitarist Chris Broderick,[23] professional wrestler Steve "Dr. Death" Williams,[24], and Colorado heiress and philanthropist May Bonfils Stanton, portions of whose {{convert|750|acre|adj=on}} estate, Belmar, were used in the creation of the Belmar residential neighborhood and the Lakewood downtown district.[25][26] Sister citiesLakewood has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:
See also{{portal|Geography|North America||United States|Colorado}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.dola.state.co.us/dlg/local_governments/municipalities.html |title=Active Colorado Municipalities |publisher=State of Colorado, Department of Local Affairs |accessdate=2007-12-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5uRWqBo2m?url=http://www.dola.state.co.us/dlg/local_governments/municipalities.html |archivedate=2010-11-23 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.colorado.gov/dpa/doit/archives/muninc.html | title = Colorado Municipal Incorporations | publisher = State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives | date = 2004-12-01 | accessdate = 2007-09-02}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2016_Gazetteer/2016_gaz_place_08.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Jul 25, 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=June 29, 2015}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2015-03-04|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.coloradocommunitymedia.com/stories/Lakewoods-come-a-long-way,11766|title=Lakewood’s come a long way|author=LeRoy Standish|work=Colorado Community Media}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Business/2009/0522/after-the-mall-retrofitting-suburbia|title=After the mall: retrofitting suburbia|author=The Christian Science Monitor|date=22 May 2009|work=The Christian Science Monitor}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | title = Lakewood, CO | publisher = Google Maps | url = https://www.google.com/maps/place/Lakewood,+CO/@39.7212143,-105.088998,13z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x876b816f5cdd72b7:0x9e905dfaf1d0ce97 | accessdate = 2015-03-04}} 9. ^{{cite web | title = Distance Calculator | publisher = Infoplease | url = http://www.infoplease.com/atlas/calculate-distance.html | accessdate = 2015-03-04}} 10. ^{{cite web | title = Physiographic Provinces of Colorado [Map] | publisher = Colorado Geological Survey | url = http://coloradogeologicalsurvey.org/colorado-geology/topography/physiographic/ | accessdate = 2015-03-04}} 11. ^{{cite web | title = General Map of Colorado | work = Colorado Life Zones | url = http://shelledy.mesa.k12.co.us/staff/computerlab/ColoradoLifeZones_Maps.htm | accessdate = 2015-03-04}} 12. ^1 {{cite web | title = Colorado: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts | publisher= United States Census Bureau | date = August 2012 | url = https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-7.pdf | accessdate = 2015-03-04}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=OMB Bulletin No. 13-01 |publisher=Office of Management and Budget |date=2013-02-28 |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2013/b-13-01.pdf |accessdate=2015-03-04 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118134056/https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/bulletins/2013/b-13-01.pdf |archivedate=2017-01-18 |df= }} 14. ^NOAA{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Retrieved 20 February 2011. 15. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|accessdate=June 4, 2015}} 17. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2015-03-04|title=American FactFinder}} 18. ^{{cite web | title = Lakewood, Colorado | publisher = City-Data.com | url = http://www.city-data.com/city/Lakewood-Colorado.html | accessdate = 2015-03-09}} 19. ^ 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://comaps.org/district26h.html |title=State House District 26 |accessdate=2009-01-21 |work=COMaps |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212145553/http://comaps.org/district26h.html |archivedate=2009-02-12 |df= }} 21. ^{{cite news|author1=Austin Briggs|title=Old explosives still being found at Lakewood's Green Mountain park|url=http://www.denverpost.com/lakewood/ci_28550478/old-explosives-being-found-at-lakewoods-green-mountain|accessdate=31 July 2015|work=Denver Post|publisher=Digital First Media|date=July 29, 2015}} 22. ^{{cite web | title = Sol Katz Award for Geospatial Free and Open Source Software | publisher = OSGeo | url = http://www.osgeo.org/solkatz | accessdate = 2016-04-15 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160406005927/http://www.osgeo.org/solkatz | archivedate = 2016-04-06 | df = }} 23. ^{{cite web | last = Marshall | first = Brandon | title = Chris Broderick of Megadeth: "There was definitely a metal scene in Denver back in 1988" | publisher = Westword | date = 2012-02-22 | url = http://www.westword.com/music/chris-broderick-of-megadeth-there-was-definitely-a-metal-scene-in-denver-back-in-1988-5712481 | accessdate = 2016-04-15}} 24. ^{{cite web | last = Groke | first = Nick | title = "Dr. Death" Steve Williams, famed wrestler, dies in Denver | publisher = The Denver Post | date = 2009-12-30 | url = http://www.denverpost.com/sports/ci_14095501 | accessdate = 2016-04-15}} 25. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=ER_kf0pWJZUC&pg=PA93|title=Women of Consequence: The Colorado Women's Hall of Fame|first=Jeanne|last=Varnell|publisher=Big Earth Publishing|year=1999|isbn=1555662145|page=93}} 26. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=gmfKN36ijkkC&pg=PA64 |title=High Altitude Attitudes: Six Savvy Colorado Women|first=Marilyn Griggs|last=Riley|year=2006|publisher=Big Earth Publishing|isbn=1555663753|page=64}} 27. ^Stade is located on the German Timber-Frame Road External links{{commons category}}
4 : Lakewood, Colorado|Populated places established in 1889|Cities in Colorado|Cities in Jefferson County, Colorado |
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