| 词条 | KPFA |
| 释义 |
| image = Kpfalogo.gif | image_size = 150px | name = KPFA | city = Berkeley, California | area = San Francisco Bay Area | branding = Pacifica Radio | slogan = "Listener Supported Pacifica Radio" | airdate = {{start date and age|1949|4|15|p=y}} | frequency = {{Frequency|94.1|MHz}} | repeater = KFCF | format = Public Radio | erp = 59,000 watts horizontal only | haat = 405 meters | class = B | facility_id = 51246 | callsign_meaning = PaciFicA | affiliations = Pacifica Radio | owner = Pacifica Foundation | licensee = | webcast = [https://kpfa.org/streams/kpfa_64k.m3u Listen Live] | website = [https://kpfa.org kpfa.org] }} KPFA (94.1 FM) is a listener-funded talk radio and music radio station located in Berkeley, California, U.S., broadcasting to the San Francisco Bay Area. KPFA airs public news, public affairs, talk, and music programming. The station signed on-the-air April 15, 1949,[1] as the first Pacifica Radio station and remains the flagship station of the Pacifica Radio Network. The station promotes cultural diversity and pluralistic cultural expression to contribute to a lasting understanding between individuals of all nations, races, creeds and colors. The station's studios are located in Downtown Berkeley and the transmitter site is located in the Berkeley Hills. HistoryLaunched in 1949, three years after the Pacifica Foundation was created by pacifist Lewis Hill, KPFA became the first station in the Pacifica Radio network and the first listener-supported radio broadcaster in the United States. Previously, non-commercial stations were licensed only to serve educational functions as extensions of high schools, colleges, and universities. This departure into listener-oriented programming brought many detractors as KPFA aired controversial programming. The first interview with anyone from the gay political movement was broadcast by KPFA, as well as Allen Ginsberg's ground-breaking poem Howl in the 1950s. In 1954 the broadcast by a group of marijuana reform advocates extolling the pleasures of cannabis resulted in the tape being impounded by the California Attorney General. In the 1960s KPFA and Pacifica were accused of being controlled by the Communist Party, and several challenges to its license were waged, none of them successful. KPFA was the first station to broadcast a radio show specializing in space music, with the debut of Stephen Hill and Anna Turner's Music from the Hearts of Space in 1973. Ten years later, the show – now known by the shorter title Hearts of Space – was syndicated in the U.S. to NPR stations, while remaining at its first home at KPFA. Labor disputesIn 1999 the station was effectively taken over by KPFA's governing Pacifica Foundation, after Dennis Bernstein, the long-established host of the station's Flashpoints news magazine, was forcibly removed by police for airing grievances on air over a labor dispute.[2][3][4] A broad cross section of protesters joined in direct action outside of the station[5][6][7][8][9] in a weeks-long lockout during which station management spent over half a million dollars on security measures.[10] At one point, listeners created a separate fund to accept listener pledges that would be directed away from the Pacifica Foundation.[11] In 2007, KPFA derecognized its Unpaid Staff Organization. The staff claimed that Pacifica Radio had been making network more corporate, softening its voice of dissent, and attempting to get rid of some of the volunteers at the station. In 2008, a forcible removal by police of a KPFA volunteer highlighted the concerns between management and volunteer staff.[12] A member of the KPFA board suggested that it was problematic that there was no grievance procedure for unpaid staff at the station.[13] In November 2010, the management of Pacifica laid off most of the staff of the popular KPFA Morning Show. The union representing the paid staff of KPFA claims that the lay offs were done in violation of the union contract.[14] Pacifica management says the lay offs were financially necessary and done according to staff seniority.[15] Pacifica management replaced the paid staff of the Morning Show with an all volunteer crew.[16] Affiliated stationsKPFA's sister stations are WBAI New York, KPFT Houston, KPFK Los Angeles, and WPFW Washington. Pacifica continues today to be a listener-supported network of stations. The main KPFA transmitter is a 59 kilowatt class B, though there is booster KPFA-FM3 in Oakley. KPFB 89.3 is a smaller station, also in Berkeley, that covers areas of Berkeley that KPFA cannot reach. It also carries some separate programming specifically for its Berkeley audience. KPFA programs are also rebroadcast by KFCF in Fresno. KZFR in Chico also carries KPFA's programming from 2:00-6:00 a.m. daily. In the Bay Area, Comcast carries KPFA's broadcasts on cable channel 967, as part of its digital radio offering. The channel is labelled "Variety/Berkeley". See also{{Portal|San Francisco Bay Area|Liberalism|Politics|Radio|Socialism}}{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kpfa.org/about/history |title=The History of KPFA |work=KPFA Official Website |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/1999/07/14/MN85580.DTL&type=printable |title=KPFA Broadcaster Dragged Away From Studio: Police arrest supporters of program host |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Henry K. Lee |date=July 14, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/1999/07/15/MN64513.DTL |title=Battleground at KPFA -- Employees Locked Out: Hundreds of fans protest changes at Berkeley radio station |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Charles Burress |date=July 15, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/07/16/MN95131.DTL |title=Legislators Step Into KPFA Clamor: Hearing demanded as protesters besiege Berkeley station a third night |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Charles Burress, Janine DeFao |date=July 16, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/07/17/MN64131.DTL&type=printable |title=Berkeley Gets Radical Over KPFA Lockout: Anyone with a cause welcome to protest |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Michael Taylor |date=July 17, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/e/a/1999/07/29/NEWS5289.dtl&type=printable |title=KPFA's owners reopening station in "goodwill gesture': Pacifica Foundation to take 6-12 month management hiatus |work=San Francisco Examiner |author=Julie Chao |date=July 29, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/07/29/BU107511.DTL&type=printable |title=Silenced KPFA Dissidents Put Out the Rallying Cry in Cyberspace: Back in the '60s, it was mimeographs -- today, you just log on |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Dan Fost |date=July 29, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/e/a/1999/07/30/NEWS12968.dtl&type=printable |title=KPFA olive branch sparks mass confusion: Station tells workers to return, but protesters want offer in writing |work=San Francisco Examiner |author=Jim Herron Zamora, Larry D. Hatfield and Julie Chao |date=July 30, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/e/a/1999/08/03/METRO14918.dtl&type=printable |title=KPFA transmitter still off-limits to staff: Employees return, but tower continues to broadcast signal from Houston |work=San Francisco Examiner |author=Robert Selna |date=August 3, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/1999/09/08/MN4696.DTL&type=printable |title=Nearly $500,000 Spent During KPFA Lockout |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Debra Levi Holtz |date=September 8, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1999/10/19/MN25229.DTL&type=printable |title=KPFA Fans Create Separate Fund |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Debra Levi Holtz |date=October 19, 1999 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/09/02/BAF912K36V.DTL&tsp=1 |title=Tension high at KPFA after volunteer arrested |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Leslie Fulbright |date=September 2, 2008 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2008-09-04/article/31010?headline=Rough-Arrest-at-KPFA-Stuns-Station-Community |title=Rough Arrest at KPFA Stuns Station, Community |work=San Francisco Chronicle |author=Judith Scherr |date=September 4, 2008 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://labornotes.org/blogs/2010/11/behind-layoffs-kpfa-radio |title=Behind the Layoffs at KPFA Radio |author=David Bacon |work=Labor Education and Research Project |date=November 18, 2010 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://pacifica.org/homepage/update-regarding-kpfa-budget-crisis-and-staff-reductions.html |title=Update regarding KPFA budget crisis and staff reductions |author=Arlene Engelhardt |work=Pacifica Foundation |date=December 3, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101210942/http://pacifica.org/homepage/update-regarding-kpfa-budget-crisis-and-staff-reductions.html |archivedate=2011-01-01 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://kpfaworker.wordpress.com/2010/12/19/pacifica-replaces-union-workers-with-political-allies/ |title=Pacifica replaces union workers with political allies |work=KPFA Worker |date=December 19, 2010 |accessdate=2012-02-22}} Further reading
External links
6 : Radio stations in the San Francisco Bay Area|Culture of Berkeley, California|Pacifica Foundation stations|Media in Berkeley, California|Radio stations established in 1949|1949 establishments in California |
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