请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Lebanese Uruguayans
释义

  1. History

  2. Notable Uruguayans of Lebanese origin

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Lebanese Uruguayans
Líbano-uruguayos
|image =
Alberto Abdala, a lawyer and politician of Lebanese descent, who served as member of the National Council of Government (1963-1937) and, later, Vice President of Uruguay (1968-1972).
|population = 53,000[1] to 70,000[2]
|popplace = Montevideo, Chuy
|religions = Christians (majority) and Islam (minority)
|langs = Uruguayan Spanish, Lebanese Arabic
|related =
}}

There are about 53,000[1] to 70,000[1] Lebanese Uruguayans, or Uruguayans of Lebanese origin. The Lebanese are one of the larger non-European communities, though still not as large a group as most European groups.[1] Relations between Uruguay and Lebanon have always been close.[2]

History

The first Lebanese immigrants to Uruguay arrived in the 1860s, settling in Montevideo around Juan Lindolfo Cuestas street.[3] These early immigrants were mainly Maronite Christians, speaking only Arabic. The last great influx of Lebanese came in the 1920s along with other nationalities like Syrians and Europeans{{which|date=April 2015}}. Between 1908 and 1930, Montevideo's population doubled.[4]

On January 21, 1924, the Apostolic Missionary of Maronites was established by decree in Uruguay. On March 10, 1925, Monseñor Shallita arrived in Montevideo from Naples to lead the mission.[5]

The early settlers faced some discrimination as "Asiatics",[6] and a few were unable to adapt and returned to their homeland. However, most became established as small businessmen and entrepreneurs, and successfully adjusted to the society of their adopted country. Although retaining some cultural characteristics, notably the Lebanese cuisine, most Uruguayans of Lebanese origin no longer speak Arabic and have fully assimilated.[7]

In 1997, the house speaker of Uruguay visited Lebanon and met Patriarch Sfeir. He noted that the 99-seat parliament in Uruguay included two members with Lebanese origins including himself.[8] In 1954 there were 15,000 people of Lebanese descent living in Uruguay.[9] By 2009 the number had grown to between 53,000[10] and 70,000.[1] In July 2009, the Lebanese Society in Uruguay celebrated its 75th anniversary.[11] The 2011 Uruguayan census revealed 136 people who declared Lebanon as their country of birth.[12]

The majority of Lebanese-Uruguayans are Christians who belong to various churches, including the Maronite Church (they have their own church, Our Lady of Lebanon),[13] Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Melkite Catholic. A scant number are Muslims.

Notable Uruguayans of Lebanese origin

  • Felipe Seade (1912 – 18 January 1969) was a social-realist painter and teacher born in Santiago de Chile, the elder son of a Lebanese immigrant family, who spent most of his life in Uruguay after moving to Montevideo at the age of 12.[14]
  • Alberto Abdala (1920–1986), born of Lebanese immigrant parents, was a Uruguayan politician and painter who was Vice-President of Uruguay from 1967 to 1972. He was noted for his abstract compositions in oil on glass.[15]
  • Amir Hamed (1962), Uruguayan writer and translator
  • Jorge Nasser (1956), musician
  • Dahd Sfeir (1932-2015), Uruguayan singer and actress
  • Bruno Sfeir is a well-known painter whose work shows Cubist, Constructivist and surrealist influences, somewhat reminiscent of the school of art initiated by Uruguayan artist Joaquín Torres García.[16][17]
  • Jorge Chediak is a lawyer and judge, member of the Supreme Court.
  • Yazbik Kiwan "يزبك كيوان" was a notable architect in swimming pools, and he's the twin brother of Samer Zeidan "سامر زيدان". However, with his co-worker Ziad Dakdouk "زياد دقدوق" they became the wealthiest Uruguayan/Lebanese.

See also

  • Lebanon–Uruguay relations
  • Lebanese diaspora
  • Arab diaspora
  • Arab Uruguayans

References

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.embauruguaybeirut.org/esp/lorientlejour.pdf |title=Les Libanais d'Uruguay |quote=En Uruguay, ils sont actuellement quelque 70 000 habitants d'origine libanaise (troisième communauté après les Espagnols et les Italiens) |language = French}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.embauruguaybeirut.org/english/english.htm |title=Embassy of Uruguay in Lebanon |publisher=Embassy of Uruguay in Lebanon |accessdate=2009-07-04}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://espanol.geocities.com/ommuruguay/Colectividadlibanesa.htm |title=La inmigración libanesa en el Uruguay |language=Spanish |publisher=Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027005856/http://espanol.geocities.com/ommuruguay/Colectividadlibanesa.htm |archivedate=October 27, 2009 |deadurl=unfit }}
4. ^{{cite web |year= 2009 |url = http://countrystudies.us/uruguay/13.htm|title = The Consolidation of Political Democracy|publisher = Library of Congress Country Studies|work=U.S. Library of Congress| accessdate = July 18, 2009 | last= }}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.com/maronitasdelavirgenmaria/nosotros.htm |language=Spanish |title=¿Quiénes somos? Nuestra señora del líbano ruega por nosotros |publisher=Nuestra Señora del Líbano |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080318124205/http://www.geocities.com/maronitasdelavirgenmaria/nosotros.htm |archivedate=March 18, 2008 |deadurl=unfit }}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.embauruguaybeirut.org/esp/mondaymor.pdf |title=Lebanon, our privileged partner in this region of the world |publisher=Monday Morning magazine (Lebanon) |accessdate=2009-07-08}}
7. ^{{cite book |title=Los libaneses en el Uruguay |author=Antonio Seluja |year=2002 |publisher=Arca (Montevideo) |language=Spanish |pages=191 |ISBN=9974-40-804-0}}
8. ^{{cite web |date=August 26, 1997 |url=http://www.lebanon.com/news/local/1997/8/26.htm |title=News from Beirut |publisher=Lebanon.com |accessdate=2009-07-04}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,823406,00.html |publisher=Time magazine |title=Visitor from Lebanon|quote=... Uruguay, where there are 15,000 Lebanese ... |date=May 24, 1954 |accessdate=2009-07-04}}
10. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.freelebanon.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=19&Itemid=43 |title=Geographical distribution of the Lebanese diaspora |publisher=United States Committee for a Free Lebanon |accessdate=2009-07-04}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://espanol.geocities.com/ommuruguay/Eventos.htm |title=Eventos de la Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay |publisher=Colectividad Libanesa en el Uruguay |accessdate=2009-07-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027002717/http://espanol.geocities.com/ommuruguay/Eventos.htm |archivedate=October 27, 2009 |deadurl=unfit }}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/Inmigrantes%20Internacionales%20y%20Retornados%20en%20Uruguay.pdf |title=Immigration to Uruguay |publisher=INE |accessdate=6 March 2013 |language=es |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130816123632/http://www.ine.gub.uy/biblioteca/Inmigrantes%20Internacionales%20y%20Retornados%20en%20Uruguay.pdf |archivedate=16 August 2013 |df= }}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.multiculturalismoenuruguay.com/Docs/Entrevistas/Libaneses%20-%20Padre%20Manuel.pdf|title=Maronite Lebanese in Uruguay|accessdate=15 May 2013|language=es}}
14. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.felipeseade.com/ |title = Felipe Seade |publisher = Alicia Seade-Delboy |accessdate = 2009-07-09 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20040324141016/http://felipeseade.com/ |archivedate = 2004-03-24 |df = }}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.larepublica.com.uy/larepublica/2004/07/12/cultura/147296/los-olvidados-7-pintor-alberto-abdala/ |title=Pintor Alberto Abdala |language=Spanish |publisher=4Pixels SRL |date=12 July 2004 |accessdate=2009-07-09}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=4&article_id=94618 |title=Bruno Sfeir's surrealism: beyond the fronteras of nation states |author=Laura Wilkinson |publisher=The Daily Star, Lebanon |date=July 30, 2008 |accessdate=2009-07-09}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://unifil.unmissions.org/LinkClick.aspx?link=Magazine/Issue01/English-+Issue+01.pdf&tabid=1596&mid=1640 |title=Pulling together |publisher=United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon magazine |date=February 2008 |accessdate=2009-07-09}}

External links

  • {{cite book |author=Mary Elizabeth Wilkie |title=The Lebanese in Montevideo, Uruguay |year=1973 |publisher=University of Wisconsin | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z_v8HgAACAAJ&dq |isbn= }}
  • {{cite web

|url=http://uruguayo-libaneses.org/
|title=Association of Young Lebanese Uruguayans
|language=Spanish
|accessdate=2009-07-08}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.unesco.org.uy/shs/fileadmin/templates/shs/archivos/anuario2004/articulo04_03.pdf |title=La asimilación cultural de los siriolibaneses y sus descendientes en Uruguay |accessdate=2 February 2015 |author=Renzo Pi Hugarte |author-link=Renzo Pi Hugarte |language=es}}
{{Lebanese diaspora}}{{Ethnic groups in Uruguay}}

8 : Arab Uruguayan|Uruguayan people of Lebanese descent|Ethnic groups in Uruguay|Lebanese emigrants|Immigration to Uruguay|Lebanese immigration to Uruguay|Lebanese diaspora in South America|Lebanese diaspora by country
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/12 4:48:50