| 词条 | Leleiohoku I |
| 释义 |
| name = William Pitt Leleiohoku I | title = Royal Governor of Hawaii | father = Kalanimoku | mother = Kiliwehi | birth_date = {{birth date|1821|3|31}} | birth_place = Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Island | issue = John William Pitt Kīnaʻu | spouse = Nāhi{{Okina}}ena{{Okina}}ena Ke{{Okina}}elikōlani | death_date = {{Death date and age|1848|10|21|1821|3|31}} | death_place = Honolulu, Oahu | burial_date =December 30, 1848 October 30, 1865 | burial_place= Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum }} William Pitt Leleiohoku I (March 31, 1821 – October 21, 1848) was a Hawaiian noble during the Kingdom of Hawaii who married two notable princesses and served as Royal Governor of Hawaii island. Leleiohoku was born on March 31, 1821 in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii. He was the son of the Prime Minister Kalanimoku who was called The Iron Pillar of Hawaii and took the English name of William Pitt after British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger. His mother was Kiliwehi, the daughter of King Kamehameha I.[1] She named him in honor of the date of death of Kamehameha on the Hawaiian calendar, on the night of Hoku, Kaelo (May 14); Leleiohoku means "Fled in the time of Hoku" in the Hawaiian language.[2][3]{{rp|212}} Other accounts give his mother as Kuwahine, who was another wife of Kalanimoku and a daughter of Governor Kaikioʻewa of Kauai and Piʻipiʻi Kalanikaulihiwakama, Kamehameha I's half-sister.[4]{{rp|131}} He was considered of the highest hereditary descent after the king.[5] He was hānai (adopted) by John Adams Kuakini, who was Governor of Hawaii Island and brother of the powerful Queen Ka{{Okina}}ahumanu.[6] He attended Lahainaluna Seminary ran by the American missionaries and converted to Christianity.[3]{{rp|340}} He was married in November 25, 1835 to the Princess Nāhi{{Okina}}ena{{Okina}}ena when he was only 14; the princess was 6 years his senior. The marriage had been arranged by the missionaries to halt a sibling marriage between King Kamehameha III and Nāhi{{Okina}}ena{{Okina}}ena. Their Christian wedding was held in Waine{{Okina}}e Church. It was not a happy union.[7] He inherited little of his father's land because Kalanimoku, shortly before his death, made a verbal will leaving his entire property to his niece Kekau{{Okina}}ōnohi, the previous queen of King Kamehameha II. Kekau{{Okina}}ōnohi, although only a cousin of Leleiohoku, was regarded according to ancient Hawaiian customs as his sister. It appears that Kalanimoku made a verbal disposition of his property to her (who was older than Leleiohoku) and willed that he should be the kanaka living under her.[8] Nāhi{{Okina}}ena{{Okina}}ena became ill after a failed pregnancy and died in 1836 at age 21. The child was said to be his but probably could have been Kauikeaouli's. Leleiohoku married a second time to Princess Ruth Ke{{Okina}}elikōlani, who was daughter of Kalani Pauahi and Kekuanaoa. He had a son John William Pitt Kīnaʻu from his second wife. He served as an original member of the House of Nobles in 1841–1846, and on the Kings Privy Council from 1845 to 1846.[9] His foster father Kuakini died in 1844 and he inherited the governorship of the Big Island.[10] He inherited the Hulihe{{Okina}}e Palace which he passed to his wife.[11] He died on October 21, in the measles epidemic of 1848, at Kekau{{Okina}}ōnohi's house, aged 27.[3]{{rp|237}} [12] The funeral services for Leleiohoku, Moses Kekūāiwa, and Kaiminaauao were held on December 30, 1848; they were interred in the Royal Cemetery.[13] His widow lived on and inherited her husband's properties after their son died at age 17. Keelikolani showed her love for him when she named her hānai son Leleiohoku II, after her deceased husband Leleiohoku. He was buried on the grounds of the current Iolani Palace and later remove to the Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum.[14] References1. ^{{cite journal |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |title= Kalanimoku: Iron Cable of the Hawaiian Kingdom, 1769–1827 |author= Barbara Del Piano |url= http://hdl.handle.net/10524/12237 |year= 2009 |volume= 43 |publisher= Hawaiian Historical Society |pages=1–28}} {{S-start}}{{Succession box|title=Royal Governor of Hawaiʻi Island |before= John Adams Kuakini |after= George Luther Kapeau|years=1844–1846}}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Leleiohoku 01}}2. ^{{cite book |title= History of the Hawaiian Islands |year=1843 |publisher=Tappan and Dennet |author=James Jackson Jarves | page= 208 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=BfooAAAAYAAJ }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Kamakau|first=Samuel|authorlink=Samuel Kamakau|title=Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii|url=http://www.ulukau.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?c=chiefs&l=en|edition=Revised|year=1992|origyear=1961|publisher=Kamehameha Schools Press|location=Honolulu|isbn=0-87336-014-1|page=}} 4. ^{{cite book |title= An Account of the Polynesian Race: Its Origins and Migrations, and the Ancient History of the Hawaiian People to the Times of Kamehameha I |year=1880 |publisher=Trübner & Co |volume= Volume 2 |author= Abraham Fornander |editor= John F. G. Stokes |pages= | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tcQNAAAAQAAJ }} 5. ^{{cite book |title=The Sandwich Islands: Progress of Events Since Their Discovery By Captain Cook. Their Occupation By Lord George Paulet. Their Value and Importance |author=Alexander Simpson |page=71 |year=1843 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8H4FAAAAQAAJ }} 6. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gTU_AAAAIAAJ |title=The Honolulu Mercury |year=1929 |author=David Earl |page=182 |volume=2}} 7. ^Lonely Planet Maui By Kristin Kimball. Page 72 8. ^{{cite book |title= Reports of a Portion of the Decisions Rendered by the Supreme Court of the Hawaiian Islands, in Law Equity Admiralty and Probate |year=1857–1865 |author=Robert G. Davids Justice of the Supreme Court, and Member of His Majesty's Privy Council |pages=543–544 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=6ckDAAAAYAAJ&ots=pQzv75jCs6&pg=PA543 }} 9. ^{{cite web |url= http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a0/0a34146d.dir/Leleiohoku,%20William%20Pitt%20Sr.jpg |title= office record of Leleiohoku, William Pitt Sr. |accessdate=2009-10-31 |publisher=Hawaii state archives }} 10. ^{{ cite web|title=Governor of Hawaii |url=http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a2.dir/doc.pdf |publisher=Hawaii state archives |accessdate=2009-10-31 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721042628/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASH01a2.dir/doc.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-21 |df= }} 11. ^{{cite web |url={{NRHP url|id=73000653}} |title=Huliheʻe Palace Nomination Form |work=National Register of Historic Places web site |accessdate=2009-09-14 |date=September 28, 1972 |author=Dorothy Riconda and Robert M. Fox }} 12. ^{{cite book |title= The Hawaiian Chiefs' Children's School |author= Amos Starr Cooke, Juliette Montague Cooke |editor=Mary Atherton Richards |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=kHBBAAAAIAAJ |publisher= C. E. Tuttle Company |page=126| origyear= 1937 |year= 1970}} 13. ^{{cite book |editor-last= Forbes |editor-first= David W. |title= Hawaiian National Bibliography, 1780–1900 |volume= 2 |publisher= University of Hawaii Press |year=1998 |pages= 529–530 |isbn= 0-8248-2379-6 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=dXCTq8YEw7IC }} 14. ^{{cite news |title= Royal Mausoleum |date= March 10, 1899 |newspaper= The Hawaiian Gazette |url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025121/1899-03-10/ed-1/seq-1/;words=Royal+ROYAL+royal+Mausoleum+mausoleum+MAUSOLEUM |accessdate= June 28, 2010 }} 14 : 1821 births|1848 deaths|Royalty of the Kingdom of Hawaii|Kingdom of Hawaii politicians|House of Kekaulike|House of Kamehameha|Infectious disease deaths in Hawaii|People from Kailua-Kona, Hawaii|Governors of Hawaii (island)|Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii House of Nobles|Members of the Kingdom of Hawaii Privy Council|Hawaiian adoptees (hānai)|Burials at the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii|Lahainaluna School alumni |
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