词条 | Lesya |
释义 |
Lesya, according to the Jain theory of karma, is the coloring of the soul on account of its association with the karmic matter. The colour of leśyā varies from person to person depending on the psychic states and mental activities behind an action.[1] The coloring of the soul is explained through the analogy of crystal, that acquires the color of the matter associated with it. In the same way, the soul reflects the qualities of colour, taste, smell and touch of associated karmic matter, although it is usually the colour that is referred to when discussing the leśyās.[2] Paul Dundas notes the key text expressing this Jain doctrine, explaining how the literary form of the text is helpful in dating and reconstructing the history of transmission.
ColoursThe ancient Jain text Uttarādhyayana-sūtra speaks of six main categories of leśyā represented by six colours – black (krishna), blue (neel), grey (kapot), red (tejo), yellow (padma) and white (shukla).[4] Uttarādhyayana-sūtra describes the mental disposition of persons having black and white leśyās:[5]
ConsequencesThe black, blue and grey are inauspicious leśyā due to which the soul takes birth in various-unhappy states of existence. The yellow, red and white are the auspicious leśyās that enable a soul to take birth in various happy states of existence.[6] According to Jain texts, a person with black Leshya will go to hell. a person with blue lesya is reincarnated in plant life and person with grey lesya is reincarnated in animal life. On the other hand, persons having red lesya are reincarnated as humans, those with yellow lesya are reincarnated as celestial beings while those having white lesya are either reborn in highest heaven or having achieved purity attain liberation. Parable of treeThe Jain texts further describe the mental dispositions of a soul on account of leśyās with an example of the reactions of six persons who are travelers, on seeing a fruit-bearing tree. They see a tree laden with fruits and begin to think of getting those fruits: one of them suggests uprooting the entire tree and eating the fruits; the second one suggests cutting the trunk of the tree; the third one suggests cutting the branches only; the fourth one suggests cutting the twigs; the fifth one suggests plucking the fruits only; the sixth one suggests picking up only the fruits that have fallen down. The thoughts, words and bodily activities of each of these six travellers are different based on their mental dispositions and are respectively illustrative of the six leśyās. The person with the black leśyā, having evil disposition, thinks of uprooting the whole tree even though he wants to eat only one fruit. The person proposing to cut the tree trunk has blue leśyā, the one suggesting cutting branches has grey leśyā, the person suggesting cutting twigs has red lesya and the person thinking of simply plucking the fruits has yellow leśyā. On the other hand, the person with the white leśyā, having pure disposition, thinks only of picking up fruits fallen on the ground sparing the tree.[6] See also
References1. ^{{cite book | last =Dundas | first =Paul |author2=John Hinnels ed. | title =The Jains | publisher =Routledge | year =2002 | location =London | isbn =0-415-26606-8 }} p.100 {{Jainism Topics}}2. ^{{cite journal | last =Wiley | first =Kristi | title =Colors of the Soul: By-Products of Activity or Passions? | journal =Philosophy East and West | volume =50 | issue =3 | pages =348–366 | publisher =University of Hawai'i Press | location =Hawai'i | date =July 2000 | jstor =1400178 | issn =1527-943X}} 3. ^Paul Dundas, The Jains, (Routledge, 2002), p. 100. 4. ^{{cite book | last =Jacobi | first =Hermann | authorlink =Hermann Jacobi | editor =(ed.) F. Max Müller | title =The Uttarādhyayana Sūtra | publisher =The Clarendon Press | year =1895 | location =Oxford | language =English| url =http://www.sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe45/index.htm | series =Sacred Books of the East vol.45, Part 2 | isbn =0-7007-1538-X }} US–34.3 5. ^{{cite book | last =Jacobi | first =Hermann | authorlink =Hermann Jacobi | editor =(ed.) F. Max Müller | title =The Uttarādhyayana Sūtra | publisher =The Clarendon Press | year =1895 | location =Oxford | language =English| url =http://www.sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe45/index.htm | series =Sacred Books of the East vol.45, Part 2 | isbn =0-7007-1538-X }} US–34.21:32 6. ^1 *{{cite book | last =Varni | first =Jinendra |editor=Sagarmal Jain |translator=T.K. Tukol |translator2=K.K. Dixit |title=Samaṇ Suttaṁ | publisher =Bhagwan Mahavir memorial Samiti | year =1993 | location =New Delhi }} p.197 1 : Jain philosophical concepts |
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