| 词条 | Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge | |||
| 释义 |
| name = Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge | iucn_category = IV | photo = | photo_alt = | photo_caption = | photo_width = | map = USA | relief = 1 | map_alt = | map_caption = | map_width = | location = Clatsop County, Oregon | nearest_city = Astoria | coordinates = {{coord|46.2164977|N|123.6345810|W|region:US-OR_source:gnis|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = [1] | area = {{convert|12167|acre}}[2] | established = {{start date|1972}} | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service | website = Lewis and Clark NWR }} Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge, near the mouth of the Columbia River, provides wintering and resting areas for an estimated 1,000 tundra swans, 5,000 geese, and 30,000 ducks. Other species include shorebirds and bald eagles. Estuary waters provide vital food resources for juvenile salmon as they pause to become acclimated to salt water before entering the Pacific Ocean. Bald eagles are present year-round; there are 30 to 35 active nest sites. Other fish species using the estuary include American shad, smelt, perch, starry flounder, bass, catfish, and Pacific lamprey. Harbor seals use sandbars and mud flats as resting sites at low tides, while seals and California sea lions feed on fish in the estuary. Beaver, raccoon, weasel, mink, muskrat, river otter, Columbian white-tailed deer and invasive nutria also live on the islands. GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite gnis|1133436|Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge}} {{Include-USGov|agency=United States Fish and Wildlife Service}}{{refbegin}}2. ^{{FWS area|2009}} {{cite web |title=Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge Profile |publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |url=http://www.fws.gov/refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=13555}} {{cite web |title=Lewis and Clark National Wildlife Refuge |publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |url=http://www.fws.gov/lc}} {{cite web |title=Kayaking Lewis and Clark Wildlife Refuge |url=http://inneroptics.net/journal/kayaking-lewis-clark-widlife-refuge/}}{{refend}}{{Protected Areas of Oregon}}{{National Wildlife Refuges of the United States}}{{Oregon-protected-area-stub}} 7 : National Wildlife Refuges in Oregon|Protected areas of Clatsop County, Oregon|Columbia River|1972 establishments in Oregon|Wetlands of Oregon|Landforms of Clatsop County, Oregon|Protected areas established in 1972 |
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