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词条 LGBT music
释义

  1. Origin of the term

  2. History

  3. LGBT artists and music

  4. OUTMusic Awards

  5. See also

  6. References

{{Cleanup|reason=some statements need to be attributed, slight tweaks for tone/flow and OR|date=June 2018}}{{infobox music genre
| name = LGBT Music
| bgcolor = #87CEEB
| stylistic_origins = Ideologically
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender topics • protest songs • gay anthems
Musically
Various influences
| cultural_origins = 1970s in United Kingdom and United States
| instruments = Entire spectrum of music instruments
| popularity = Growing rapidly since the 2010s
| derivatives =
| subgenrelist = List of pop music genres
| subgenres =
| fusiongenres =
| other_topics = Disco – Diva house – Homo hop – Queercore – Women's music
}}

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) music is grouping of musical genres that focus on the experiences of gender and sexual minorities[1][2] as a product of the broad gay liberation movement.

LGBT music spans the entire spectrum of popular music.[1][2] Lyricism and song content typically express the frustration, anxiety, and hope associated with non-normative sexual and gender identities, offering marginalized groups a vital platform for expression.[3][4] Recently, popular music has "provided an arena where marginalized voices can be heard and sexual identities shaped, challenged, and renegotiated."[2] Mainstream music has begun to reflect acceptance of LGBT and queer musicianship.[5][6]

Origin of the term

The origin of the genre arose during the 1980s when post-disco dance and house music, Hi-NRG, and freestyle music became more prevalent in the United States and LGBT artists gained prominence for exploring popular music trends.[7] DJ Larry Levan started his DJ career at the gay disco Paradise Garage.[8]

History

In the 1890s, New Orleans began testing different prostitution policies which led to brothels and gay musicians like Tony Jackson or Bessie Smith.[9] Jazz was born from many homosexual artists. As it flourished, blues performers like Lucille Bogan and Ma Rainey began singing about their sexual adventures with other women.[9] Soon after jazz took off, Broadway shows and musical audiences began to take shape as well.

Despite progress in LGBT tolerance and acceptance, musicians still remain marginalized in popular music. American composer Leonard Bernstein had many homosexual relations, often with other musicians and composers despite being in a heterosexual marriage.[10] Artists like Bernstein, Stephan Sondheim,[11] Jerome Robbins, Dimitri Mitropoulos and many others were subject to hiding their sexual identities from the public. American pianist Liberace was famously closeted and vehemently denying allegations of homosexuality until his death in 1987, suing a Daily Mirror columnist for insinuating his sexuality.[12]

In spite of currents of intolerance in the United States, Broadway continued providing a platform for gender and sexual minorities, culminating to the production of lauded musicals like Kinky Boots, Hair and The Color Purple.

LGBT artists and music

{{See also|:Category:LGBT musicians|l1=LGBT musicians}}

In the 1970s, disco culture offered a multitude of platforms for expression for gender and sexual non-conforming individuals.

While popular music has always included LGBT artists, the increasing social tolerance of the late 20th and early 21st centuries allowed such artists to come out publicly. Early examples of this arose with the sexual liberation movement, with artists such as Elton John, Village People, Sylvester,[17] Tom Robinson,[17] Jill Sobule, Indigo Girls, k.d. lang, Queen, David Bowie,[9] Little Richard, Esquerita, Melissa Etheridge, Janis Ian,[17] The B-52's, Cher, Kylie Minogue, Grace Jones and Marc Almond, among others.

The 1980s saw increased exposure to LGBT culture, namely genderbending and cross-dressing, in the music industry with artists such as Culture Club, George Michael, Frankie Goes to Hollywood, Pet Shop Boys,[13] Dead or Alive,[14] and Erasure.[13] Gay icons during this decade included Diana Ross, Cyndi Lauper, Britney Spears, Melba Moore, Loleatta Holloway, Jessica Lowndes, Gloria Gaynor, Beyoncé, Mariah Carey, Bob Mould, Madonna, Judas Priest frontman Rob Halford.[15]

An increase in pro-LGBT laws and artists condemning homophobia in their music populated much of the 1990s. Groups such as Placebo, Alcazar, Right Said Fred, Mana and more joined the ranks of allies and LGBT musicians. Bands such as Pansy Division and Tribe 8 led the queercore offshoot of hardcore punk that helped solidify LGBT arts in the decade.[16]

The 2000s saw LGBT music branch off into its own genre, and new artists like Lady Gaga, Christina Aguilera, Will Young, The Scissor Sisters, The Gossip, RuPaul, Jeffree Star, Mika, Dario, Adam Lambert, t.A.T.u., Sakima, Dawnstar, and Troye Sivan supported a growing industry, spreading the message of equality and positivity.

In 2012, Against Me! singer and guitarist came out as a trans woman and changed her name to Laura Jane Grace.[17] Country singer Chely Wright came faced death threats and declining record sales after coming out in 2011. She made Wish Me Away, a documentary about her experience and it won several major awards in 2012 including trophies from the Los Angeles Film Festival, the Seattle LGBT Festival and the Tallgrass Film Festival.[17] And openly gay artists such as Tegan and Sara gained popularity; the duo produced a pro-tolerance advert jingle for Oreo in 2014.[18]

Many openly LGBT musicians have become very successful, such as Elton John, who has the best-selling single in Billboard of the 1990s ("Candle in the Wind 1997"), and the single "Anything is Possible"/"Evergreen" by Will Young, which was the best-selling single of the decade in the 2000s.[19] Country singer Ty Herndon came out as gay in 2014, after three number one hits on Billboard Hot Country Songs.[20]

Some popular LGBT artists and bands today are Kehlani,[21]

Hayley Kiyoko, Demi Lovato, King Princess, Pabllo Vittar, Mary Lambert, Halsey,[22] MUNA,[23] Kevin Abstract (Brockhampton), Sam Smith, Le1f, Azealia Banks, Sia, Electrosexual, Perfume Genius, Courtney Barnett, Troye Sivan, Calum Scott, Greyson Chance, Kim Petras, Angel Haze, Hurray for the Riff Raff, SINCLAIR, Against Me!, Rostam, Tom Goss, Shura, Superfruit, Years and Years, PVRIS, Frank Ocean, ILoveMakonnen, Billy Gilman,[24] Syd, Ladyhawke and Mykki Blanco.[25][26][27] Prominent electronic music artist and synthesist for the band LCD Soundsystem, Gavin Rayna Russom came out publicly as a transgender woman in July 2017.[28] In April 2018, Janelle Monáe[29] came out as queer with her album Dirty Computer, and released the song "Make Me Feel"; the music video detailing a woman's attraction to two club goers.

Straight and cisgender allies have also produced LGBT-oriented music. Country artist Phil Vassar released the song "Bobbi with an I" in 2009, which uses a humorous narrative to encourage acceptance of transgender individuals. Singer-songwriter Hozier released the song "Take Me to Church", whose music video partially focused on religion-based homophobia.[30] "1-800-273-8255", a song performed by Logic and Alessia Cara, dealt with homophobia and the pain that it results in. Macklemore & Ryan Lewis teamed up with Mary Lambert to make "Same Love", a song about same sex marriage that focused on the message that love conquers all. The music video for Avicii's single "Silhouettes" depicts a person undergoing sex reassignment surgery.

Lady Gaga's 2011 song "Born This Way" has been called a gay anthem for its message of self-love.[31] Singer and actor Christian Chavez used his song "Libertad" to make a stance for gay rights and sexual freedom.[17] Troye Sivan's music has been highly acclaimed for its authentic feel of gay millennial music experimenting with chill pop and activism such as "HEAVEN", "Bloom", and "My My My!".[32]

OUTMusic Awards

Since 2001, the American OUTMusic Awards program has functioned as an annual LGBT awards ceremony that mirrors the Grammys. OUTMusic Inc., a 501 (c) 3 organization, was re-founded as the LGBT Academy of Recording Arts by Diedra Meredith in 2007.[33] The awards are to recognize some of the LGBT artists who have made significant contributions to the music industry.[34][35]

See also

  • Gay anthem
  • LGBT hip hop

References

1. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Taylor|first=Jodie|date=August 2012|title=Taking it in the ear: On musico-sexual synergies and the (queer) possibility that music is sex|journal=Continuum|volume=26|issue=4|pages=603–614|doi=10.1080/10304312.2012.698039}}
2. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jakq1gbKSFAC&pg=PP10#v=onepage&q=%22queer%20music%22|title=Playing it Queer: Popular Music, Identity and Queer World-making|last=Taylor|first=Jodie|date=2012|publisher=Peter Lang|isbn=9783034305532|language=en}}
3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Feigenbaum|first=Anna|date=2010-12-01|title="Now I'm a Happy Dyke!": Creating Collective Identity and Queer Community in Greenham Women's Songs|journal=Journal of Popular Music Studies|language=en|volume=22|issue=4|pages=367–388|doi=10.1111/j.1533-1598.2010.01251.x|issn=1533-1598}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/history.aspx|title=History of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Social Movements|website=http://www.apa.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-13}}
5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2015/08/30/mainstream-music-embraces-lgbt-perspective/71418148/|title=Mainstream music embraces LGBT perspective|work=USA TODAY|access-date=2018-04-13|language=en}}
6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sloop|first=John|date=August 2005|title=In a Queer Time and Place and Race: Intersectionality Comes of Age|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Speech|volume=91|issue=3|pages=312–326|doi=10.1080/00335630500350368}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://gayteens.about.com/od/glbtteenlifestyle/tp/GLBT-Authors---Performers.htm |title=GLBT music, books and Entertainment |first=Ellen|last=Friedrichs |date= |website= |publisher=About.com |accessdate=15 January 2011}}
8. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.nyclgbtsites.org/site/paradise-garage/ | title=Paradise Garage}}
9. ^1 2 {{Cite journal|last=Susoyev|first=Steve|date=April 2018|title=David Bowie made Me Gay: 100 Years of LGBT Music|url=https://search.proquest.com/genderwatch/docview/1977556749/CB08E0BBDA9847E4PQ/1?accountid=7418|journal=Lambda Literary Review|volume=|pages=|via=ProQuest}}
10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Hubbs|first=Nadine|date=April 2018|title=Bernstein, Homophobia, Historiography|url=https://search.proquest.com/genderwatch/docview/223655612/fulltextPDF/8435E6290463493CPQ/2?accountid=7418|journal=Women & Music|volume=|pages=|via=ProQuest}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2018/07/13/stephen-sondheim-musical-company-gay-couple/|title=Stephen Sondheim musical 'Company' edited to include gay couple - PinkNews · PinkNews|website=www.pinknews.co.uk|access-date=2019-02-04}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/10078823/The-lonely-Liberace-I-knew.html|title=The lonely Liberace I knew|last=Thornton|first=Michael|date=2013-05-24|access-date=2018-08-01|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235}}
13. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeremy-helligar/pop-music-could-use-anoth_b_5101352.html|title=Pop Music Could Use Another Decade as 'Gay' as the '80s|last=Helligar|first=Jeremy|date=2014-04-09|website=Huffington Post|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-05}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/7556687/dead-or-alive-pete-burns-lgbt-pioneer-tribute|title=Remembering Dead or Alive's Pete Burns, An Overlooked LGBT Pioneer|last=|first=|date=2016-10-25|website=billboard.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-02-05}}
15. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/musics-unsung-lgbtq-heroes-629374/|title=Music's Unsung LGBTQ Heroes|last=Shorey|first=Jerry Portwood,Jon Freeman,Brittany Spanos,Suzy Exposito,Stacy Lambe,Zoe Camp,Marcus Borton,Eric|last2=Stone|first2=Rolling|date=2018-06-15|website=Rolling Stone|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-05}}
16. ^{{cite journal|last1=Gomillion|first1=Sarah|last2=Giuliano|first2=Traci|date=25 Feb 2011|title=The Influence of Media Role Models on Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Identity|journal=Journal of Homosexuality|volume=58|issue=3|pages=330–354|doi=10.1080/00918369.2011.546729|pmid=21360390}}
17. ^1 2 {{cite web|last1=Staff|first1=Billboard|title=25 Pivotal LGBT Moments In Music|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/list/513476/major-lgbt-music-moments|website=Billboard|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=8 April 2018}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/branding/5884978/tegan-sara-teams-with-oreo-for-original-song-to-debut-in-grammy|title=Tegan and Sara Oreo Jingle}}
19. ^{{cite web|url={{BillboardURLbyName|artist=ricky martin|chart=Latin Pop Songs C}} |title=History of Ricky Martin's peak position |author= |date= |website= |publisher=Billboard.com |accessdate=15 January 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2F%23%2Fartist%2FRihanna%2Fchart-history%2F658897%3Ff%3D793%26g%3DSingles&date=2011-10-02 |archivedate= 2 October 2011 |df= }}
20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/article/ty-herndon-comes-out-gay|title=Ty Herndon Comes Out As Gay}}
21. ^{{cite web|last1=Ahmed|first1=Insanul|title=Kehlani Discusses Shady Managers, Her Bisexuality, and Her Many Tattoos|url=http://www.complex.com/music/2015/04/kehlani-complex-magazine-april-may-2015|website=Complex.com|accessdate=10 January 2018|ref=7}}
22. ^{{cite web|last1=Martins|first1=Chris|title=Art-Pop Singer Halsey on Being Bipolar, Bisexual and an 'Inconvenient Woman'|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/6671107/halsey-the-weeknd-drugs-badlands-billboard-feature|website=Billboard.com|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
23. ^{{cite web|last1=Bruner|first1=Raisa|title=Hear Girl Band MUNA's Uplifting New Song for the LGBTQ Community, 'I Know a Place'|url=http://time.com/4588327/muna-lgbtq-song-premiere-i-know-a-place/|publisher=Time|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
24. ^{{cite web|last1=Shelburne|first1=Craig|title=Billy Gilman Comes Out as Gay|url=http://www.cmt.com/news/1745621/billy-gilman-comes-out-as-gay/|publisher=CMT|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
25. ^{{cite web|last1=Kitchener|first1=Shaun|title=Pride 2017: The gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender popstars conquering music|url=https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/music/826271/Gay-popstars-lesbian-bisexual-transgender-Pride-music-industry-out|website=Express|accessdate=10 January 2018|ref=8|date=2017-07-08}}
26. ^{{cite web|title=25 Pivotal LGBT Moments In Music|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/list/513476/major-lgbt-music-moments|website=Billboard.com|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
27. ^{{cite web|last1=LaCount|first1=Amy|title=16 LGBT Musicians Who Are Shattering Stereotypes and Making It Big|url=https://mic.com/articles/107488/16-lgbt-musicians-who-are-shattering-stereotypes-and-making-it-big|website=Mic.com|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/thepitch/lcd-soundsystems-gavin-russom-comes-out-as-transgender-interview/|title=LCD Soundsystem's Gavin Russom On Coming Out as Transgender {{!}} Pitchfork|website=pitchfork.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-09}}
29. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/12/janelle-monae-gay_n_3914772.html|title=Janelle Monae Discusses Gay Rumors, Lesbian-Tinged Lyrics In 'Electric Lady'|last=Sieczkowski|first=Cavan|date=2013-09-12|work=Huffington Post|access-date=2018-02-26|language=en-US}}
30. ^{{cite web|last1=Stumme|first1=Clifford|title=What does "Take Me to Church" by Hozier Mean?|url=https://www.popsongprofessor.com/blog/2015/04/15/what-does-take-me-to-church-by-hozier-mean|publisher=The Pop Song Professor|accessdate=10 January 2018}}
31. ^{{cite web|last1=Moniuszko|first1=Mono|title=Mainstream music embraces LGBT perspective|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2015/08/30/mainstream-music-embraces-lgbt-perspective/71418148/|website=USA Today|publisher=USA Today|accessdate=8 April 2018}}
32. ^https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8460669/troye-sivan-songs-pride-lgbt
33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/charlotte-robinson/diedra-meredith-talks-lgb_b_9186338.html |title=Diedra Meredith Talks LGBT Academy of Recording Arts & More |publisher=Huffington Post |date=February 11, 2016 |author=Robinson, Charlotte}}
34. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.glaad.org/blog/lgbt-academy-recording-arts-announces-8th-annual-outmusic-awards |title=LGBT Academy of Recording Arts Announces 8th Annual OUTMusic Awards |author=Kane, Matt |date=August 17, 2012 |publisher=GLAAD}}
35. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.outmusicawards.com/#!about/c1zld |title=About|accessdate=7 May 2015 |website=OUT Music Awards}}
  • Queer Music History 101 by JD Doyle
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20111028064522/http://www.glbtq.com/arts/music_popular.html glbtq.com popular music overview]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20111020203542/http://www.glbtq.com/arts/music_classical.html glbtq.com classical music overview]
  • Homoground.com Community of Queer Musicians

1 : LGBT-related music
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