| 词条 | Kurash |
| 释义 |
HistoryThe first official All-USSR koresh championship took place in Kazan in 1928 and was followed by the first TASSR (Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) national championship in 1949. Since 1956, regular Tatar Köräş competitions have been organized in honor of the national hero and poet Musa Cälil. At the turn of 1950 and 1960, the Soviet Federation of freestyle wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, and sambo started to develop Tatar Köräş. Sportsmen from the neighbour regions, such as Bashkortostan, Mordovia, and Ulyanovsk City came to compete in Kazan for the first time in 1959. In 1960, the capital of Tatarstan was appointed host of the first RSFSR (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic) national koresh championship, an event that has been repeated every year since that date. It was organized in Kazan about 15 times, but also in other cities, such as Salavat, Orenburg, Oktyabrsky, Tuymazy, Chelyabinsk, Cheboksary, Almetievsk, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Naberezhnye Chelny. Sportsmen from 36 Russian regions have participated in the Russian championships over the past years. EventsThe International Kurash Association (IKA), founded in 1998, holds championships since 1999. World Senior championships were held in Tashkent (Uzbekistan) in 1999, in Antalya (Turkey) in 2000, in Budapest (Hungary) in 2001, in Erevan (Armenia) in 2002, in Tashkent (Uzbekistan) in 2005, in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia) in 2007, in Alushta (Ukraine) in 2009,[4] in Termez (Uzbekistan) in 2011,[5] in Istanbul (Turkey) in 2013,[6] and in Khorramabad (Iran) in 2015.[7] The XI World Senior Championships will be held in Istanbul (Turkey) in 2017.[8] The International Tatar Belt Wrestling Köräş Association was founded on 9 September 2009 with the aim of popularizing Tatar traditions abroad and offer Continental and World opportunities to all sportsmen wishing to compete in Tatar Köräş. It became a member of FILA's World Traditional Wrestling Committee in 2009 and held its second World Championship during the FILA World Wrestling Games that took place in Šiauliai (LTU) in September 2009. The third World Championship was held in Kazan in May 2010 and attracted a participation of about 100 wrestlers from 17 countries. Kurash made its debut at 2018 Asian Games which was held in Jakarta and Palembang, Indonesia. [9] Kurash RulesContestants attempt to score (and finish the match) with high amplitude throws. The trousers or legs may not be grabbed. There are three scoring points viz. Halal, Yambosh and Chala. The player who scores a Halal wins the bout. To score a Halal you need to throw your opponent on his back with full control, force and speed. The throw that is close to Halal is given Yambosh. Two Yambosh makes a Halal. The throw that is close to Yambosh is given Chala. No number of Chala can equal a Yambosh. There are three penalties in Kurash. The first penalty is called Tambik, second penalty is Dakki and the third penalty is Girrom which means disqualification. The bout starts with salutation which is called Tazim. And to pause the bout Tokta is used and to cancel a point Bekar is used.[10] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Foundation|first=Turkish Language|title=TDK|url=http://www.tdk.org.tr/index.php?option=com_lehceler&arama=lehceler&guid=TDK.LHC.508d3ab3c36583.83691827|work=home to roam|date=28 October 2012}} 2. ^{{cite web|last=Drayton|first=James|title=Sabantuy|url=http://hometoroam.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/sabantuy.html|work=home to roam|accessdate=11 July 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|last=Drayton|first=James|title=Sabantuy|url=http://hometoroam.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/sabantuy.html|work=home to roam|accessdate=11 July 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=History of Kurash|url=http://kurash-ika.org/en/istoriya-kurasha/|publisher=International Kurash Association|accessdate=30 August 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=VIII World senior championships|url=http://kurash-ika.org/en/viii-chempionat-mira-den-pervy-j/|publisher=International Kurash Association|accessdate=30 August 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=IX World senior championships|url=http://kurash-ika.org/en/itogi-pervogo-dnya-chempionata-mira/|publisher=International Kurash Association|accessdate=30 August 2016}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=X World senior championships|url=http://kurash-ika.org/en/itogi-pervogo-dnya-chempionata-mira-po-kurashu-v-irane/|publisher=International Kurash Association|accessdate=30 August 2016}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=IKA calendar 2016-2018|url=http://kurash-ika.org/userfiles/files/IKA_calendar_2016-2018_upd_11aug16.pdf|publisher=International Kurash Association|accessdate=30 August 2016}} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/08/31/asian-games-2018-underdog-indonesian-shocks-favorites-to-win-bronze.html|title=Asian Games: Underdog Indonesian shocks favorites to win bronze|newspaper=The Jakarta Post|accessdate=31 August 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web|last=Verma|first=Ravi|title=KurashRules|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oCBT165EAX0|work=home to roam|accessdate=25 July 2015}} External links{{commons category}}
5 : Sport in Uzbekistan|Folk wrestling styles|Tatar culture|Bashkir culture|Traditional sports of Iran |
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