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词条 Kuwait City
释义
     Golden Era (1946–1982)   1980s and later  

  1. Geography

  2. Climate

  3. Economy

  4. Culture

     Theatre  Soap operas  Sports 

  5. Gallery

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{short description|Capital city of Kuwait}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Kuwait City
|other_name = Madinat Al-Kuwayt
|native_name = {{lang|ar|مدينة الكويت}}
|nickname = {{lang|ar|مدينة الكويت}} [Ad-Dirah]
|settlement_type =
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|image_skyline =Kuwait City cropped.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = The skyline of Kuwait City
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|pushpin_map = Kuwait
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of Kuwait City in Kuwait
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = Kuwait
|subdivision_type1 = Governorate
|subdivision_name1 = Al Asimah
|subdivision_type2 =
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|area_metro_km2 = 200
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|population_urban = 2.4 million
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|coordinates = {{coord|29|22|11|N|47|58|42|E|region:KW|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m =|elevation_ft =|postal_code_type = |postal_code =|area_code =|blank_name =|blank_info =|blank1_name =|blank1_info =|website =|footnotes =}} Kuwait City ({{lang-ar|مدينة الكويت}}) is the capital and largest city of Kuwait. Located at the heart of the country on the shore of the Persian Gulf, and containing Kuwait's National Assembly (parliament), most governmental offices, the headquarters of most Kuwaiti corporations and banks, it is the indisputable political, cultural and economical centre of the emirate. It is considered a global city.Kuwait City's trade and transportation needs are served by Kuwait International Airport, Mina Al-Shuwaik (Shuwaik Port) and Mina Al Ahmadi (Ahmadi Port).==History=={{off topic|Kuwait|date=June 2015}}{{see also|Timeline of Kuwait City}}===Early history===In 1613, the town of Kuwait was founded in modern-day Kuwait City. In 1716, the Bani Utubs settled in Kuwait. At the time of the arrival of the Utubs, Kuwait was inhabited by a few fishermen and primarily functioned as a fishing village.{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0NH1CbXf24C&pg=PA64&dq|title=Constancy and Change in Contemporary Kuwait City: The Socio-cultural Dimensions of the Kuwait Courtyard and Diwaniyya|work=Mohammad Khalid A. Al-Jassar|year=2009|page=64}}
2. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e2LLngEACAAJ&dq|title=Shadows on the Sand: The Memoirs of Sir Gawain Bell|work=Gawain Bell|page=222|year=1983|isbn=9780905838922|author1=Bell|first1=Sir Gawain}}
3. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=kuwait+important+trading+port+pearl+merchants+import+export+goods&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1&gws_rd=ssl|title=ʻAlam-i Nisvāṉ – Volume 2, Issues 1–2|page=18|quote=Kuwait became an important trading port for import and export of goods from India, Africa and Arabia.}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ki642LknOh0C&pg=PA42&lpg=PA42&dq|title=Beyond the Storm: A Gulf Crisis Reader|work=Phyllis Bennis|pages=42}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0NH1CbXf24C&pg=PA66&lpg=PA66&dq|title=Constancy and Change in Contemporary Kuwait City|work=Mohammad Khalid A. Al-Jassar|year=2009|pages=66}}
6. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xVSkGtcT5YC&pg=PA4&dq|title=The Kuwait Crisis: Basic Documents|page=4|year=1991|isbn=9780521463089|author1=Lauterpacht|first1=E|last2=Greenwood|first2=C. J|last3=Weller|first3=Marc}}
7. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0NH1CbXf24C&pg=PA67&dq|title=Constancy and Change in Contemporary Kuwait City |page=67|year=2009|isbn=9781109229349 }}
8. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t6v2HHoWgbsC&pg=PA72&dq|title=Merchants, Mamluks, and Murder: The Political Economy of Trade in Eighteenth-Century Basra|author=Thabit Abdullah|page=72|isbn=9780791448076|year=2001}}
9. ^{{cite book|url=http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1266/1/1266.pdf|title=The impact of economic activities on the social and political structures of Kuwait (1896–1946)|page=108}}
10. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=The+port+of+Kuwait+was+then%2c+and+is+still%2c+the+principal+dhow-+building+and+trading+port+of+the+Arabian+Gulf%2c+though+offering+little+trade+itself.+I&oq=The+port+of+Kuwait+was+then%2c+and+is+still%2c+the+principal+dhow-+building+and+trading+port+of+the+Arabian+Gulf%2c+though+offering+little+trade+itself.+I&aqs=chrome..69i57&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8#q=The+port+of+Kuwait+was+then%2c+and+is+still%2c+the+principal+dhow-+building+and+trading+port+of+the+Arabian+Gulf%2c+though+offering+little+trade+itself.+I&tbm=bks|title=Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East: Cultural depth and diversity|page=156|quote=The port of Kuwait was then, and is still, the principal dhow- building and trading port of the Persian Gulf, though offering little trade itself.}}
11. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=For+centuries+its+native+vessels%2C+designed+for+ocean+travel%2C+carried+the+bulk+of+the+trade+between+India%2C+East+Africa%2C+and+the+Red+Sea+ports.+The+building+of+these+dhows+became+an+important+industry%2C+and+the+waterfront+of+the+town+of+Kuwait+was+&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&|title=Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde, Volume 130|author=M. Nijhoff |page=111|year=1974}}
12. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=From+India+to+Fast+Africa%2C+and+from+the+Red+Sea+ports+to+North+Eastern+Arabia%2C+the+bulk+of+the+trade+was+carried+on+by+Kuwaiti+vessels.&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1&gws_rd=ssl|title=Indian Foreign Affairs|page=29|year=1965}}
13. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=During+this+and+the+succeeding+century+its+native+vessels%2C+designed+for+ocean+travel%2C+carried+the+bulk+of+the+trade+between+India%2C+East+Africa%2C+and+Red+Sea+ports+and+northeastern+Arabia.&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks|title=The Arabian Peninsula|author=Richard Harlakenden Sanger |page=150|year=1970}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zXXGAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA93&dq|title=The Postal Agencies in Eastern Arabia and the Gulf |work=Neil Donaldson|year=2008 |page=93}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R0NH1CbXf24C&pg=PA68&dq|title=Constancy and Change in Contemporary Kuwait City|work= Mohammad Khalid A. Al-Jassar|pages=68}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iT_8KzTECwMC&pg=PA18&dq|title=Waqai-i manazil-i Rum: Tipu Sultan's mission to Constantinople|work=Mohibbul Hasan|year=2007|page=18|quote=For owing to Basra's misfortunes, Kuwait and Zubarah became rich.}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g5MewSBHkG4C&pg=PA114&dq|title=The Politics of Regional Trade in Iraq, Arabia, and the Gulf, 1745–1900 |work=Hala Mundhir Fattah |year=1997 |page=114}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DRtWm-UkS-oC&pg=PA48&dq|title=Seafaring in the Arabian Gulf and Oman: People of the Dhow|work=Dionisius A. Agius|year=2012|page=48}}
19. ^{{cite book |url=https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Kuwaitis+developed+a+reputation+as+the+best+sailors+in+the+Persian+Gulf+&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1|title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|year=2009|page=321}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ncfIAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA272&dq|title=The Arabian Gulf in History|page=272 |work=Lawrence G. Potter |year=2009}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D8di8GN_hKsC&pg=PA37&dq|title=Oil and Politics in the Gulf: Rulers and Merchants in Kuwait and Qatar |work=Jill Crystal |year=1995 |page=37}}
22. ^{{cite book |editor-first=Noura |editor-last=Al Sager |url={{google books|201yBgAAQBAJ|page=7|plainurl=yes}} |title=Acquiring Modernity: Kuwait's Modern Era Between Memory and Forgetting|date=2014 |page=7 |publisher=National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters |isbn=9789990604238}}
23. ^{{cite web |editor-first=Farah |editor-last=Al-Nakib |url=https://www.academia.edu/8186917/_Kuwaits_Modernity_Between_Memory_and_Forgetting_Introduction_to_Acquiring_Modernity_booklet_accompanying_the_Kuwait_Pavilion_at_La_Biennale_di_Venezias_14th_International_Architecture_Exhibition_ |title=Kuwait's Modernity Between Memory and Forgetting |website=Academia.edu |date=2014 |page=7}}
24. ^{{cite web|author=Farid, Alia |url=http://aliafarid.net/Art-Papers |title=Acquiring Modernity: Kuwait at the 14th International Architecture Exhibition |website=aliafarid.net |date=2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221184242/http://aliafarid.net/Art-Papers |archivedate=21 February 2015 |df= }}
25. ^{{cite journal |last=Gonzales |first=Desi |date=November–December 2014 |title=Acquiring Modernity: Kuwait at the 14th International Architecture Exhibition |url=http://www.artpapers.org/feature_articles/feature3_2014_1112.html |journal=Art Papers}}
26. ^{{cite news|title=Looking for Origins of Arab Modernism in Kuwait |url=http://hyperallergic.com/191773/looking-for-the-origins-of-arab-modernism-in-kuwait/ |journal=Hyperallergic}}
27. ^{{cite journal |last=Al-Nakib |first=Farah |journal=Built Environment |title=Towards an Urban Alternative for Kuwait: Protests and Public Participation |date=1 March 2014 |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=101–117 |url=https://www.academia.edu/7913072/Towards_an_Urban_Alternative_for_Kuwait_Protests_and_Public_Participation}}
28. ^{{cite web |url=http://gulfartguide.com/essay/cultural-developments-in-kuwait/ |title=Cultural developments in Kuwait |date=March 2013 |access-date=16 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021858/http://gulfartguide.com/essay/cultural-developments-in-kuwait/ |archive-date=29 November 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
29. ^{{cite journal |first=Sam|last=Chee Kong |url=http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article44637.html |title=What Can Nations Learn from Norway and Kuwait in Managing Sovereign Wealth Funds |journal=Market Oracle |date=1 March 2014}}
30. ^{{cite news |first=Farah |last=al-Nakib |date=17 September 2014 |url=http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/19265/understanding-modernity_a-review-of-the-kuwait-pav |title=Understanding Modernity: A Review of the Kuwait Pavilion at the Venice Biennale |work=Jadaliyya |publisher= Arab Studies Institute}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arabtimesonline.com/NewsDetails/tabid/96/smid/414/ArticleID/191792/reftab/36/t/Kuwait-literary-scene-a-little-complex/Default.aspx |title=Kuwait Literary Scene A Little Complex |quote=A magazine, Al Arabi, was published in 1958 in Kuwait. It was the most popular magazine in the Arab world. It came out it in all the Arabic countries, and about a quarter million copies were published every month. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129040817/http://www.arabtimesonline.com/NewsDetails/tabid/96/smid/414/ArticleID/191792/reftab/36/t/Kuwait-literary-scene-a-little-complex/Default.aspx |archivedate=29 November 2014 |df= }}
32. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t4DFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&dq|title=News Media in the Arab World: A Study of 10 Arab and Muslim Countries|page=24|isbn=9781441102393|author1=Gunter|first1=Barrie|last2=Dickinson|first2=Roger|date=6 June 2013}}
33. ^{{cite book |editor-first1=Abdulaziz |editor-last1=Sager |editor-first2=Christian |editor-last2=Koch |editor-first3=Hasanain |editor-last3=Tawfiq Ibrahim |url={{google books|FMsuAQAAIAAJ|page=39|plainurl=yes}} |title=Gulf Yearbook 2006-2007 |publisher=I. B. Tauris |location=Dubai, UAE |date=2008 |page=39 |quote=The Kuwaiti press has always enjoyed a level of freedom unparalleled in any other Arab country. }}
34. ^{{cite web |first=Jane |last=Kinninmont |url=http://islamicommentary.org/2013/02/jane-kinninmont-the-case-of-kuwait-debating-free-speech-and-social-media-in-the-gulf/ |title=The Case of Kuwait: Debating Free Speech and Social Media in the Gulf |website= ISLAMiCommentary |date=15 February 2013}}
35. ^{{cite book |title= Muslim Education Quarterly |url= https://www.google.com/search?q=Kuwait+is+a+primary+example+of+a+Muslim+society+which+embraced+liberal+and+Western+attitudes+throughout+the+sixties+and+seventies.&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1&gws_rd=ssl |publisher= Islamic Academy |date=1990 |volume=8 |page=61 |quote=Kuwait is a primary example of a Muslim society which embraced liberal and Western attitudes throughout the sixties and seventies. }}
36. ^{{cite book |editor-last=Rubin |editor-first=Barry |url={{google books|wEih57-GWQQC|page=306|plainurl=yes}} |title=Guide to Islamist Movements |volume=Volume 1 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |location=Armonk, New York |date=2010 |page=306 |isbn=9780765641380}}
37. ^{{cite book |first=Deborah L. |last=Wheeler |url={{google books|v6aWc8fM1iEC|page=99|plainurl=yes}} |title=The Internet In The Middle East: Global Expectations And Local Imaginations |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albany, New York |page=99 |isbn=9780791465868}}
38. ^{{cite news |first=Evan |last=Osnos |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-07-11/news/0407110232_1_kuwait-university-mutairi-kuwaiti/2 |title=In Kuwait, conservatism a launch pad to success |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=11 July 2004 |quote=In the 1960s and most of the '70s, men and women at Kuwait University dined and danced together, and miniskirts were more common than hijab head coverings, professors and alumni say.}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stock-market-crash.net/souk.htm |title=Kuwait's Souk al-Manakh Stock Bubble |publisher=Stock-market-crash.net |date=23 June 2012 |accessdate=14 January 2013}}
40. ^{{cite book|last=Hunter|first=Shireen T.|title=Iran and the world : continuity in a revolutionary decade|year=1990|publisher=Indiana University Press|page=117}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://fpif.org/frankensteins_lament_in_kuwait/|title=Frankenstein's Lament in Kuwait}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_213.shtml|title=Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait; 1990|work=Acig.org|accessdate=28 June 2010}}
43. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=DejCbO1mvCYC&pg=PA156&dq=Kuwait+slant+drilling |title=The Colonial Present: Afghanistan … |author=Derek Gregory |publisher=Wiley|accessdate=28 June 2010|isbn=978-1-57718-090-6|year=2004}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://earthshots.usgs.gov/Iraq/Iraqtext |title=Iraq and Kuwait: 1972, 1990, 1991, 1997 |publisher=Earthshots: Satellite Images of Environmental Change |date= |accessdate=14 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120429014811/http://earthshots.usgs.gov/Iraq/Iraqtext |archivedate=29 April 2012 }}
45. ^{{cite web|title=The Use of Terror During Iraq's Invasion of Kuwait|url=http://jafi.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Current+Issues/Peace+and+Conflict/The+Use+of+Terror+in+Kuwait.htm}}
46. ^{{cite news|title=Iraq and Kuwait Discuss Fate of 600 Missing Since Gulf War |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2003/jan/09/world/fg-missing9 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=9 January 2003}}
47. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ku.html |title=Kuwait |website=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |date=10 April 2015}}
48. ^{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-82709/Bubiyan |title=Bubiyan (island, Kuwait) |accessdate=28 June 2010}}
49. ^{{cite web |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0000613 |title=Structurae [en]: Bubiyan Bridge (1983) |website=En.structurae.de |date=19 October 2002 |accessdate=28 June 2010}}
50. ^{{cite encyclopedia|first=Daniel |last=Pendick |title=Kuwaiti Oil Lakes |encyclopedia=Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/sidebar_761594234/Kuwaiti_Oil_Lakes.html |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwsRnHE5?url=http://encarta.msn.com/sidebar_761594234/Kuwaiti_Oil_Lakes.html |archivedate= 1 November 2009 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://www1.american.edu/ted/kuwait.htm |title=The Economic and Environmental Impact of the Gulf War on Kuwait and the Persian Gulf |work=American.edu |accessdate=28 June 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219043510/http://www1.american.edu/ted/kuwait.htm |archivedate=19 December 2010 }}
52. ^{{cite encyclopedia |title=Kuwait (country) |encyclopedia=Encarta |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563200_2/Kuwait_(country).html |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwsRFbGL?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563200_2/Kuwait_(country).html |archivedate=1 November 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy-all |date=|accessdate=4 July 2011 }}
53. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/jul/22/where-world-hottest-city-kuwait-karachi-ahvaz|title=Where is the world's hottest city?|work=the Guardian|accessdate=3 March 2016}}
54. ^{{Cite web |url=http://worldweather.wmo.int/113/c01498.htm |title=World Weather Information Service – Kuwait City |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |accessdate=19 February 2014 }}
55. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_II/KW/40582.TXT| title = Kuwait International Airport Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = 15 January 2015}}
56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/article.html |title=Dr.Jeff Masters' article published January 2013 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |accessdate=20 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117064246/http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/article.html |archivedate=17 January 2013 }}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.siliconindia.com/finance/news/10-Most-Valuable-Currencies-in-the-World-nid-109953.html|title=10 Most Valuable Currencies in the World|work=Silicon India}}
58. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2116.html#ku|title=The World Factbook|publisher=CIA Factbook}}
59. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-12025499|title=Reviving Kuwait's theatre industry|work=BBC News}}
60. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O06bOHRW7s8C&pg=PA277&dq|title=Popular Culture in the Arab World: Arts, Politics, and the Media|page=277|isbn=9789774160547|author1=Hammond|first1=Andrew|year=2007}}
61. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nsqec4PcdmYC&pg=PT143&dq|title=The World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: The Arab world|isbn=9780415059329|author1=Rubin|first1=Don|date=January 1999}}
62. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TG2mP5KTDn8C&pg=PA147&dq|title=The World of Theatre: An Account of the Theatre Seasons 1996–97, 1997–98 and 1998–99|page=147|isbn=9780415238663|author1=Herbert|first1=Ian|last2=Leclercq|first2=Nicole|last3=Institute|first3=International Theatre|year=2000}}
63. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.kuwaittimes.net/entertainment-gets-soapy-ramadan-kuwait/|title=Entertainment gets soapy during Ramadan in Kuwait}}
64. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=Some+Kuwaiti+soap+operas+have+become+extremely+popular+and%2C+although+they+are+usually+performed+in+the+Kuwaiti+dialect%2C+they+have+been+shown+with+success+as+far+away+as+Tunisia.&btnG=Search+Books&tbm=bks&tbo=1&gws_rd=ssl|title=Kuwait: vanguard of the Gulf|page=113|quote=Some Kuwaiti soap operas have become extremely popular and, although they are usually performed in the Kuwaiti dialect, they have been shown with success as far away as Tunisia.}}
65. ^2015 FIBA Asia Championship – Kuwait Roster, FIBA.com, accessed 16 February 2016.

External links

{{commons category|Kuwait City}}
  • {{wikivoyage-inline|Kuwait City}}
{{Kuwait City}}{{Kuwait topics}}{{List of Asian capitals by region}}{{Capitals of Arab countries}}{{Arab Capital of Culture}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kuwait City}}

8 : Kuwait City|Populated places in Kuwait|Capitals in Asia|Populated coastal places in Kuwait|Port cities and towns in Kuwait|Port cities and towns of the Persian Gulf|Districts of Al Asimah Governorate (Kuwait)|Populated places established in 1613

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