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词条 List of active separatist movements in Africa
释义

  1. Algeria

  2. Angola

  3. Cameroon

  4. Central African Republic

  5. Comoros

  6. Republic of the Congo

  7. Democratic Republic of the Congo

  8. Equatorial Guinea

  9. Ethiopia

  10. France

  11. Kenya

  12. Libya

  13. Mali

  14. Mauritius

  15. Morocco

  16. Namibia

  17. Niger

  18. Nigeria

  19. Rwanda

  20. Senegal

  21. Somalia

  22. South Africa

  23. South Sudan

  24. Spain

  25. Sudan

  26. Tanzania

  27. Uganda

  28. Zambia

  29. Zimbabwe

  30. See also

  31. References

{{More citations needed|date=March 2008}}

This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Africa. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

  1. They are active movements with living, active members.
  2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
  3. They are the citizen/inhabitants of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

  • De facto state: for regions with de facto autonomy from the government
  • Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state
  • Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession
    • De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region
    • Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control
    • Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
    • Militant organisation(s): for armed separatist organisations
    • Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities
    • Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s)

Algeria

{{flagicon image|Flag-kabyle.svg}} Kabylia
  • Ethnic group: Kabyle people[1]
    • Proposed state: Republic of Kabylia (Berber language: Tagduda Taqbaylit).
    • Government-in-exile: Provisional Government of Kabylia (ANAVAD AQVAYLI UΣTIL).[2]
    • Movement leader: Ferhat Mehenni.[3]
    • Political party: Kabylian Movement for Self-Determination (Mak-Anavad).[4]

Angola

  • Ethnic group: Lunda-Tchokwé people
    • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Lunda-Tchokwé (República Democrática da Lunda-Tchokwé) (RDLT)
    • Government-in-exile: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé (PDDELT)
    • Claimant group: Manifesto Jurídico Sociológico do Povo Lunda-Tchokwé (MJSPL), also an Advocacy group
    • Political party: Partido Democrático da Defesa do Estado Lunda-Tchokwé (PDDELT)
    • Traditional Kingdom: Lunda-Tchokwe Kingdom
    • Status: Juridical Fight on ICC
    • Leaders: Dr. Jota Filipe Malakito (The Founder Leader)
    • Movements: Mulher Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé (MULT), Pioneiros Unidos da Lunda-Tchokwé (PULT), Juventude Unida da Lunda-Tchokwé(JULT)
    • News Broadcast: www.diariodomanifestojuridicosociologicodopovolundes.com
    • Vindicating area: The Forgotten Portuguese Protectorate of Lunda (The entire East Part of current Angola) or current North-Lunda, South-Lunda, Moxico and Kuando-Kubango
    • Extension Vindicating area: 602.709 Km2
    • Population: 2.692.723 ( Since the 2014 )
{{Flaglist|Cabinda}}
  • Ethnic group: Cabindans
    • Proposed state: Republic of Cabinda[5]
    • Government-in-exile: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
    • Political party: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC), Liberation Front of the State of Cabinda
    • Militant organization: Forças Armadas de Cabinda (FAC)

Cameroon

{{Flaglist|Ambazonia}}
  • Ethnic group: Anglophones of Southern Cameroons, consisting of over 80 ethnic groups
    • Population: 8 million people.
    • Proposed state: Federal Republic of Ambazonia[6]
    • Pressure group: Southern Cameroons National Council[7]
    • Militant groups: Ambazonia Defence Forces, other smaller militias
    • Status: Ongoing war

Central African Republic

{{flagicon image|Flag of Dar El Kuti Republic.svg}} Northern Muslim regions {{clarify|date=July 2017}}
  • Ethnic group: Muslims in the Central African Republic
    • Proposed state: Republic of Logone[8]
    • Pressure group and militant organization: Séléka[9]

Comoros

  • {{flaglist|Anjouan}}
  • Ethnic group:
    • Proposed state: {{Flaglist|Anjouan}}
    • Political parties: Anjouan People's Movement, Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais, Mawana[10]
  • {{Flaglist|Mohéli}}
  • Ethnic group:
    • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Mwali[11]

Republic of the Congo

  • South Congo (Brazzaville)
    • Pressure group: Provisional Assembly and governance of the State of South Congo
    • Proposed state: State of South Congo[12][13]
  • Loango
    • Pressure group: the royal clan "Tchimongo-Lumbu-Tchinkondi"
    • Traditional Kingdom: {{flag|Loango|name=Kingdom of Loango}}[14]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

  • {{flagicon_image|Flag of the Kingdom of Kongo.svg}} Bas-Congo
    • Pressure group: Bundu dia Kongo
    • Proposed state: Kingdom of Kongo[15]
  • {{Flaglist|Katanga}}
    • Political parties: Union of Independent Federalists and Republicans
    • Militant organizations: Mai Mai Kata Katanga
    • Status: Sporadic violence
  • Kwili, Kivu, Bukavu
    • Proposed state: United Republic of Kivu[16]
    • Status: Insurgency[17]

Equatorial Guinea

Bioko
  • Ethnic group: Bubi
    • Proposed state: Bioko Island
    • Pressure group: Movement for the Self-Determination of Bioko Island
    • Status: The indigenous Bubi people are now outnumbered by Fernandinos and Fang immigrants from the mainland.[18]

Ethiopia

  • {{Flaglist|Afar}}
    • Proposed state: Islamic State of Afaria
    • Political party: Afar Liberation Front
  • {{Flaglist|Gambela}}
    • Militant organization: Gambela People's Liberation Front
  • {{Flaglist|Ogaden}} ({{Flaglist|Somali Region}})
    • Proposed state: Republic of Ogadenia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization) or {{Flag|Somalia}}
    • Political party: Ogaden National Liberation Front, Western Somali Liberation Front, Ogaden Republican Army
    • Pressure group: Ogaden Youth Association
  • {{Flaglist|Oromia}}
    • Proposed state: Republic of Oromia (also known as Oromia) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
    • Militant organizations: Oromo Independence Movement, Oromo Liberation Front, Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia, Conference of Oromiya Peoples Liberation Front, Oromo Youth Revolutionary Movement (also known as Abiddaa)
    • Pressure group: The National Youth Movement for Freedom and Democracy (also known as Qeerroo)
  • Sidama Zone
    • Proposed state: Republic of Sidama
    • Political party: Sidama Liberation Front

France

  • {{flagicon image|Proposed flag of Réunion (VAR).svg}} Réunion

Secessionist movements:

  • Political party: Lorganizasion Popilèr po Libèr nout Péi (Lplp) – Popular Front for National Liberation: composed of Nasion Rénioné, Mar, Drapo rouz, Patriot rénioné and Mir.
  • Political party: Marxist–Leninist Communist Organisation of Réunion
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Mayotte (local).svg}} Mayotte continues to have autonomist movements despite the island having voted to become France's 101st department in 2011.[19]

Kenya

  • Mombasa
    • Proposed state: {{flagicon_image|Mombasa_flag.png}} Mombasa Republic
    • Political party: Mombasa Republican Council[20][21]
  • Wajir County, Mandera County, Garissa County (Former North Eastern Province)
    • Proposed state: Western Republic of Somalia or {{Flag|Somalia}}

Libya

Proposed states:{{flag|Cyrenaica}}
  • Ethnic group: Libyan
    • Proposed autonomous area: Semi-autonomous "State of Cyrenaica"
    • Political Groups: Movement for Federal Libya, National Union Party, Cyrenaica Youth Movement
    • Senior Leaders: Dr. Abubakr Buera, Mr.Faraj Kezza, Dr.Azza Huwati, Ms.Najat Obedi, Mr. Mohamed Buisir, Mr. Ahmad Sannusi, Ms.Sarah Ali
    • Youth Leaders: Fathi Agori, Enas AlJazwi, Muheddine Mansuri, Osama Buera, Essa Arabi, Zeid Erragas, Mohamed Ali, Mustafa Orefy, Mabrooka Najm
{{flag|Toubouland}}
  • Ethnic group: Toubou
    • Proposed state: {{flag|Toubouland}}
    • Militant organization: Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya

Mali

{{Flaglist|Azawad}}
  • Ethnic Groups: Tuareg, as well as Songhai, Fula[22] and Arabs/Moors
    • Proposed state: Azawad
    • Political party: Coordination of Azawad Movements (Includes MNLA)
    • Militant organisations: National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad

Mauritius

  • {{Flaglist|Rodrigues}}[23]

Morocco

{{Flaglist|Rif}}
  • Ethnic group: Riffian
    • Proposed state: Rif
    • Political party: RIM
    • Militant organisation(s): RIM
  • Rif Independence Movement – occurred in Morocco during the 1920s,[24][25] and was revitalized in 2013.[26] Rif Independence Movement is a charter member of the Organization of Emerging African States.[26]
{{see also|Status of Western Sahara}}

Namibia

{{Flaglist|Caprivi}}
  • Ethnic Group: Lozi
    • Proposed state: Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge[27]
    • Political party: Caprivi African National Union
    • Militant organization: Caprivi Liberation Army[28]

Niger

Agadez
  • Ethnic group: Tuareg
    • Proposed state: Agadez
    • Militant organization: Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Sahara
    • Political parties: Taniminnak Tidot N Tenere, Tidot Union of Tenere
    • Proposed state: Akal N Tenere, Tenere Republic

Nigeria

{{Flaglist|Biafra}}
  • Ethnic group: Igbo
    • Proposed state: Republic of Biafra (defunct)
    • National Liberation Movement: Bilie Human Rights Initiative
    • Political party: Biafran Congress Party (BCP), Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra,
    • Separatist movements: The Indigenous People of Biafra, Biafra Zionist Movement, Biafra Rebirth
    • Government in exile: Biafran Government in exile[29]
    • Radio News Broadcast: {{url|www.radiobiafra.co}}, {{url|www.peopleofbiafra.org}}, {{url|www.biafragalaxy.com}}
  • (KaarOojiire)Yorubaland
    • Ethnic group: Yoruba
    • Proposed state: Orile-ede Olominira ile Oduduwa (Republic) [30]
    • Capital: Ibadan
    • Political Party: Action Group (Nigeria) (Defunct).
    • Political Organizations: Afenifere, Afenifere Renewal Group, DAWN Commission
    • Pressure group: Yoruba Liberation Command (YOLICOM), Oduduwa Grand Alliance For Independence (OGAFI), Young Yoruba for Freedom (YYF) , Movement For Oduduwa Republic (MOFORE)
    • Movement Spokesperson: George Akinola.
    • Militant Organization: Oodua Peoples Congress(OPC), Agbekoya, Young Yoruba for Freedom (YYF) ,
    • National Anthem: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=NJeho8FBod0
  • Arewa Group: Hausa
    • Sabon Lugbe Vigilante Group SLVG

Rwanda

  • {{flag|Batwaland}} (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Ethnic group: Twa
    • Proposed state: {{flag|Batwaland}}
    • Political party: Association for the Promotion of Batwa

Senegal

{{Flaglist|Casamance}}
  • Ethnic group: Diola
    • Proposed state: Casamance
    • Militant organization: Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance[31]

Somalia

{{flag|Somaliland}}
  • Ethnic group: Somali
    • De facto state: {{flag|Somaliland}}
    • Political organisations: Government of Somaliland
    • Militant organisation: Somaliland Armed Forces

South Africa

Boer/Afrikaner homeland

  • Ethnic group: Afrikaners
    • Proposed state: Volkstaat[32]
    • Political Party: Freedom Front Plus (in parliament and member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization).[33] Outside parliament: National Conservative Party of South Africa, Boerestaat Party, Herstigte Nasionale Party.
    • Pressure group: Orania Movement
    • Status: Accord on Afrikaner self-determination
KwaZulu Natal
  • Ethnic group: Zulu
    • Proposed state: Zulu Kingdom[34]
    • Pressure group: Zulu royal family

Cape Republic

  • Linguistic group: Afrikaans speakers
    • Proposed State: Western Cape, Northern Cape (Excluding two districts), six municipalities within the Eastern Cape and one municipality in Free State.[35]
    • Political Party: Cape Party[36]

South Sudan

Nuerland
  • Ethnic group: Nuer
    • Militant organization: Nuer White Army, SPLA-Nasir (1991 - 1994)
    • Status: Ongoing insurgency

Spain

{{See also|List of active separatist movements in Europe#Spain|Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain}}{{Flag|Canary Islands}} (Main article: Canarian nationalism)
  • Ethnic group: Canarians
  • Political parties (autonomist): Coalición Canaria, Partido Nacionalista Canario, Centro Canario Nacionalista, Nueva Canarias
  • Political parties (secessionist): FREPIC-AWAÑAK, Alternativa Nacionalista Canaria, Alternativa Popular Canaria, Unidad del Pueblo, Inekaren
  • Youth movement: Azarug
  • Proposed state: Canary Islands (sometimes also Western Sahara and Tamazgha)

Sudan

{{Flaglist|Darfur}}
  • Ethnic group: Fur, Zaghawe, Masalit
    • Proposed state: Darfur
    • Militant organization: Darfur Liberation Front
    • Status: War in Darfur
Eastern Front
  • Ethnic group: Beja, Rashaida
  • Militant organization: Beja Congress, Rashaida Free Lions

Tanzania

{{Flaglist|Zanzibar}}
  • Ethnic group: Swahili
    • Proposed state: {{flag|Zanzibar}}
    • Political party: Civic United Front (member of Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization), Uamsho[37]

Uganda

{{Flaglist|Buganda}}
  • Ethnic group: Ganda
    • Proposed state: Kingdom of Buganda
    • De facto autonomous area: Kingdom of Buganda
    • Youth movement: Buganda Youth Movement
{{Flaglist|Rwenzururu}}
  • Ethnic group: Konjo people
    • Proposed state: Yiira Republic

Zambia

Barotse
  • Ethnic group: Lozi
    • Proposed state: {{Flaglist|Barotseland}}
    • Militant organization: Barotse Royal Establishment[38]

Zimbabwe

Matabeleland
  • Ethnic group: Matabele
    • Proposed state: Matabeleland, Mthwakazi Free State
    • Militant organization: Mthwakazi Liberation Front (M.L.F.)[39]
    • Political party: Matabeleland Freedom Party[40]

See also

  • Lists of active separatist movements
  • List of historical separatist movements

References

1. ^{{cite web|last1=Grace Young|title=Kabyle people|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|accessdate=30 July 2010}}
2. ^{{cite journal|last1=The 2nd Kabylian Movement for Self-Determination Congress|title=Kabylian Movement for Self-Determination Status|date=10 December 2011|issue=Chapter VIII|pages=Art. 19. 21. 22. 23}}
3. ^{{cite web|last1=Ferhat Mehenni|title=Blog|website=Mak-Anavad Leader Blog|accessdate=10 December 2011}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.makabylie.org/|author=MAK- Mouvement pour l'Autodétermination de la Kabylie|title= Official Website}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/flec.htm|title=Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.ambazonia.org/|title=Government of Ambazonia|author=Official Website of the Government of the Federal Republic of Ambazonia|date=2016|publisher=Government of Ambazonia Official Website|accessdate=December 26, 2017}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.africafiles.org/article.asp?ID=10276&ThisURL=./western.asp&URLName=Western%20Region|title=Southern Cameroons National Council plans street protests to have activists freed|publisher=The Post News|date=2005-11-27|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/central-african-republic-rebels-declare-autonomous-state-in-north/2015/12/15/8efdd3a8-a380-11e5-ad3f-991ce3374e23_story.html|title=Central African Republic rebels declare autonomous state in north|date=15 December 2015|publisher=The Washington Post|accessdate=20 December 2015}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://springtimeofnations.blogspot.com/2014/04/muslim-rebels-in-central-african.html|title=Springtime of Nations|author=Chris Roth|publisher=|accessdate=23 October 2014}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.comores-online.com/mwezinet/politique/partis/mpa.htm|title=MPA - Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais|publisher=MweziNet|accessdate=2009-04-11}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4954ce49c.html|title=World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Comoros : Overview|publisher=UNHCR|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://sudcongo.wordpress.com/|title=ETAT DU SUD CONGO|work=ETAT DU SUD CONGO|accessdate=23 October 2014}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://blogs.mediapart.fr/blog/jecmaus/160914/congo-brazzaville-etat-du-sud-congo-drapeau-devise-armoiries-et-limites-geographiques|title=(Congo-Brazzaville) Etat du Sud-Congo : drapeau, devise, armoiries et limites géographiques|publisher=|accessdate=23 October 2014}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royaumeloango.org/|title=Site Officiel du Royaume Loango - Soyez les Bienvenus !|first=André|last=Patrick|website=www.royaumeloango.org|accessdate=31 July 2017}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.radiookapi.net/files/file_file_183.pdf |format=PDF |title=SPECIAL INQUIRY INTO THE BAS CONGO EVENTS OF FEBRUARY AND MARCH 2008 |publisher=Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights |date=May 2008 |accessdate=2009-05-10 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430050034/http://www.radiookapi.net/files/file_file_183.pdf |archivedate=April 30, 2009 }}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.africafederation.net/Kivu.htm|title = United Republic of Kivu|publisher = Federation of Free States of Africa|accessdate=2015-11-05}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/issue/557/6623|title=Democratic republic of Congo: Civil war erupts once again|publisher=The Socialist (UK)|author=Iain Dalton|date=2008-11-19|accessdate=2009-04-12}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ipu.org/hr-e/162/geq07.htm|title=CASE N° GEQ/07 - MARCELO LOHOSO - EQUATORIAL GUINEA|publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
19. ^http://mayotte.rfo.fr/infos/dossiers/politique-quand-mayotte-deviendra-departement_1706.html
20. ^http://theafricareport.com/index.php/20120517501811752/east-horn-africa/kenya-s-mombasa-republican-council%E2%80%A9-the-coast-calls-for-freedom-501811752.html
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2012/sep/06/africa-map-separatist-movements-interactive|title=The separatist map of Africa: interactive|author=Luc Torres|work=the Guardian|accessdate=23 October 2014}}
22. ^In {{lang-ff|Fulɓe}}; in {{lang-fr|link=no|Peul}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mathaba.net/news/?x=589484 |title=Cri de Liberté |publisher=Mathaba News Network |date=2008-04-21 |accessdate=2009-04-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619144803/http://www.mathaba.net/news/?x=589484 |archivedate=2015-06-19 |df= }}
24. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Zs4uw9Uw1C0C&pg=PA46 White Gypsies: Race and Stardom in Spanish Musical Films - Eva Woods Peiró]. p. 46.
25. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=eSWDAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Rif+Independence+Movement%22&dq=%22Rif+Independence+Movement%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=0PFlU6L_O8O-oQTlkIG4Dw&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAg What the Arabs think - William Roe Polk]. p. 52.
26. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/155144338/The-Rif-Independence-Movement-Joins-OEAS|title=The Rif Independence Movement Joins OEAS|website=Scribd|accessdate=31 July 2017}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/caprivi.htm|title=Caprivi Liberation Front|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
28. ^{{cite book|last=Forrest |first=Joshua B.|title=Subnationalism in Africa: Ethnicity, Alliances, and Politics|date= |year=2003|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|isbn=1-58826-227-8|page=188}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.biafraland.com/ProvisionalGovHdr.htm|title=Voice of Biafra International|website=www.biafraland.com|accessdate=31 July 2017}}
30. ^{{Cite news|url=https://newtelegraphonline.com/2017/09/want-oduduwa-republic/|title=Why we want Oduduwa Republic?|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/mfdc.htm|title=Mouvement des Forces Démocratiques du le Casamance (MFDC)|publisher=GlobalSecurity.org|accessdate=2009-04-11}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mg.co.za/article/2008-10-12-ek-is-wit-en-trots-daarop|title='Ek is wit en trots daarop'|publisher=Mail & Guardian|date =2008-10-12|accessdate=2009-04-10}}
33. ^Members: Afrikaner, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
34. ^https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/1969893/zwelithini-threatens-zulus-will-leave-sa-and-take-kzn-with-them/
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.politicsweb.co.za/opinion/an-independent-western-cape|title=An independent Western Cape? - OPINION - Politicsweb|website=www.politicsweb.co.za|accessdate=31 July 2017}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/elections/news/cape-party-wants-western-cape-to-break-away-from-rest-of-sa-20160707|title=Cape Party still wants to 'free' Western Cape from rest of SA|publisher=|accessdate=31 July 2017}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21565641-muslim-extremism-spreads-down-east-africa%E2%80%99s-coastline-contagion-discontent|title=Contagion of discontent: Muslim extremism spreads down east Africa coastline|publisher=The Economist|date=3 November 2012}}
38. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=55102 |title = Assessment for Lozi in Zambia |publisher = Minorities at Risk |accessdate = 2009-04-10 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100603031428/http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=55102 |archivedate = 2010-06-03 |df = }}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bulawayo24.com/index-id-news-sc-press+release-byo-10581-article-Mthwakazi+Liberation+Front+is+1+year+old+-+Achievements+and+the+road+ahead.html|title=Bulawayo24 NEWS -|publisher=|accessdate=23 October 2014}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://matabelelandfreedomparty.org/mata-const.php |title=Matabeleland Freedom Party |publisher= |accessdate=23 October 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319063918/http://matabelelandfreedomparty.org/mata-const.php |archivedate=19 March 2014 |df= }}
{{Separatist movements per continent}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Active Separatist Movements In Africa, List Of}}

4 : Africa-related lists|Disputed territories in Africa|Secessionist organizations|Society-related lists
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