词条 | List of ambassadors of the United States to Syria |
释义 |
|post = Ambassador |body = the United States to Syria |native_name = سفارة الولايات المتحدة في سورية |insignia = US Department of State official seal.svg |insigniasize = 120px |insigniacaption = Seal of the United States Department of State |department = |image = |alt = |incumbent = Joel Rayburn as Special Envoy |incumbentsince = July 2018[1] |style = |residence = |nominator = The President of the United States |appointer = |appointerpost = |termlength = |inaugural = George Wadsworth as consul general |formation = 1942 |last = |abolished = |succession = |deputy = |salary = |website = U.S. Embassy - Damascus }} The United States Ambassador to Syria is the official representative of the President of the United States to the President of Syria. From the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire in 1922 until 1944, had been under the control of France as a part of the League of Nations French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon. The United States appointed George Wadsworth as agent and consul general to Syria and Lebanon on October 9, 1942, to provide a quasi-diplomatic presence in Damascus until the United States determined that Syria achieved effective independence in 1944. The United States recognized Syria as an independent state on September 8, 1944, when the Syrian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jamil Mardam Bey, informed the United States that Syria fully recognized and would protect existing rights of the United States and its nationals. This Syrian assurance was in response to a letter sent on September 7, 1944, by the U.S. diplomatic agent and consul general in Syria that offered "full and unconditional recognition" upon receipt of such written assurances. The United States established diplomatic relations with Syria when George Wadsworth presented his credentials as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary on November 17, 1944. Wadsworth was concurrently the envoy to Syria and Lebanon while resident in Beirut.[2] Egypt and Syria united to form a new state, the United Arab Republic (UAR) on February 22, 1958 with its capital in Cairo. The U. S. recognized the UAR and the embassy in Damascus was reclassified as a consulate general. Syria seceded from the Union in 1961 and U. S.–Syria diplomatic relations were reestablished on October 10, 1961. The consulate general was once again elevated to embassy status.[2] Syria severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on June 6, 1967 in the wake of the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. In the interim a U.S. Interests Section in Syria was established on February 8, 1974, in the Italian Embassy with Thomas J. Scotes as Principal Officer. Normal relations were resumed in 1974.[2] The U. S. recalled its ambassador to Syria in 2005 after the assassination of Rafic Hariri. A series of chargés d’affaires represented the U.S. until the appointment of Robert Stephen Ford in January 2011.[3] Ambassadors and chiefs of mission{{U.S. diplomatic terms}}
Note: Syria joined Egypt to form the United Arab Republic on February 22, 1958. The U.S. embassy in Damascus was downgraded to consulate status. After Syria seceded from the UAR, the consulate was reestablished as an embassy on October 10, 1961.
Note: Syria severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on June 6, 1967. Ambassador Smythe departed Syria two days later. Note: The U.S. established an Interests Section on February 8, 1974 in the Italian embassy with Thomas J. Scotes as principal officer. The embassy in Damascus was reestablished on June 16, 1974, with Scotes as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim.
Note: Ambassador Scobey was recalled "for urgent consultations" on February 15, 2005, after the assassination of Rafic Hariri. Several chargés represented the U.S. until January 2011.
Note: Syria severed diplomatic relations with United States in 2012 in response to its support of the Syrian rebels during the Syrian Civil War. Note: The U.S. established an Interests Section on February 6, 2012 in the Polish Embassy in Damascus, until the Polish Embassy closed. Since March 1, 2013, a new Interests Section operates via the Government of the Czech Republic through its embassy in Damascus. Only emergency services for U.S. citizens are available. Neither U.S. passports nor visas to the United States can be issued in Damascus.
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2018/08/285653.htm|title=The Secretary's Special Representative for Syria Engagement, Ambassador James Jeffrey, and Special Envoy for Syria, Joel Rayburn, Travel to Israel, Jordan, and Turkey|publisher=United States Department of State|accessdate=2018-11-30}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/syria|title=Syria|publisher=United States Department of State|accessdate=2011-08-27}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3580.htm|title=Background Note: Syria|publisher=United States Department of State|accessdate=2011-08-27}} 4. ^1 Wadsworth was oncurrently commissioned to Syria and Lebanon while resident in Beirut. 5. ^Alling was appointed and took the oath of office, but did not proceed to post. He was instead commissioned as the first Ambassador to Pakistan. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://damascus.usembassy.gov/about_the_embassy.html|title=About the Embassy|publisher=United States Department of State, U.S. Embassy Damascus|accessdate=2011-08-27}} 7. ^Moose was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on Jun 4, 1953. 8. ^Knight was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on January 30, 1962. 9. ^{{cite news| url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8519328.stm | title= Obama nominates first US ambassador to Syria since 2005 | publisher= BBC News| date= 17 February 2010}} 10. ^Recess appointment; expires at the end of 2011 unless confirmed by the Senate. {{cite web|url=http://www.afsa.org/ambassadorlist.aspx|title=List of Ambassadorial Appointments|date=August 19, 2011|publisher=United States Foreign Service Association|accessdate=2011-08-21}}
External links
4 : Lists of ambassadors of the United States|Lists of ambassadors to Syria|Ambassadors of the United States to Syria|Syria–United States relations |
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