| 释义 |
- List of authors and works in the final edition, with later additions
- Reversals and non-inclusions
- Beacon results
- Notes
- References
- External links
This is a selected list of authors and works listed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum. The Index was discontinued on June 14, 1966 by Pope Paul VI.[1]{{Better source|date=May 2017|reason=The source says 'abolished' and does not provide the exact date; what does abolished/discontinued mean here, and how was this action reasoned, communicated?}} A complete list of the authors and writings present in the subsequent editions of the index are listed in J. Martinez de Bujanda, Index Librorum Prohibitorum, 1600–1966, Geneva, 2002. The Index includes entries for single or multiple works by an author, all works by an author in a given genre or dealing with a given topic. The scope of the prohibition is defined by a Latin phrase in the Index: - Omnia opera dramatica: all plays
- Omnes fabulae amatoriae: all novels, or romances
- Opera omnia theologica: all theological works
- Opera omnia: all works (see note below)
The Index includes entries banning all works of a particular writer. Most of these were inserted in the Index at a time when the Index itself stated that the prohibition of someone's "opera omnia" (all his works) did not cover works whose contents did not concern religion and were not forbidden by the general rules of the Index, but this explanation was omitted in the 1929 edition, an omission that was officially interpreted in 1940 as meaning that thenceforth "opera omnia" covered all the author's works without exception.[2] List of authors and works in the final edition, with later additionsThis is a selected list of the authors and works appearing in the final published edition of the Index in 1948, with later additions until the Index was discontinued in 1966. | Banned | Name | Works | Ref. | | 1600}}1600 | Bruno}}Bruno, Giordano | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Bruno
}} | 1626}}1626, 1657, 1658,
1659, 1672 | Grotius}}Grotius, Hugo | Opera omnia theologica;
De Imperio summarum potestatum circa sacra (pub. 1647);
Annales et historiae de rebus belgicis (pub. 1657);
+6 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Grotius
}} | | 1645}}1645 | Browne}}Browne, Thomas | Religio medici; the religion of a physician | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Browne
}} | | 1649}}1649 | Hobbes}}Hobbes, Thomas | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Hobbes
}} | | 1657}}1657, 1789 | Pascal}}Pascal, Blaise | Lettres provinciales (1657);
Pensées (pub. 1670), with notes by Voltaire | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Pascal
}} | | 1659}}1659 | Calvin}}Calvin, John | Lexicon iuridicum iuris caesarei simul et canonici | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Calvin
}} | | 1663}}1663 | Descartes}}Descartes, René | Meditations (1641);
Les passions de l'âme (1649);
Opera philosophica. Donec corrig.;
+4 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Descartes
}} | | 1667}}1667 | Leti}}Leti, Gregorio | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Leti
}} | | 1668}}1668 | Bacon}}Bacon, Francis | De dignitate et augmentis scientiarum libri IX. Donec corrig. | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Bacon
}} | | 1676}}1676 | Montaigne}}Montaigne, Michel de | Essays | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Montaigne
}} | | 1679}}1679, 1690 | Spinoza}}Spinoza, Baruch | Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (1677);
Opera posthuma | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Spinoza
}} | | 1684}}1684 | Eriugena}}Eriugena, Johannes Scotus | De divisione naturae libri quinque diu desiderati | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Eriugena
}} | | 1689}}1689, 1707, 1712 | Malebranche}}Malebranche, Nicolas | Traité de la nature et de la grace (1680);
Traité de morale (1684);
+4 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Malebranche
}} | | 1694}}1694, 1758 | Milton}}Milton, John | Literae pseudo-senatus anglicani, Cromwellii reliquorumque perduellium nomine ac iussu conscriptae (1676);
Paradise Lost (1667) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Milton
}} | | 1703}}1703 | Lafontaine}}La Fontaine, Jean de | Contes et Nouvelles | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Lafontaine
}} | | 1717}}1717 | Maimonides}}Maimonides | 'Tractate on Idolatry from the Mishneh Torah with notes by Dionysius Vossius' | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Maimonides
}} | | 1729}}1729 | Addison}}Addison, Joseph | Remarks on Several Parts of Italy (1705; revised 1718) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Addison
}} | | 1734}}1734, 1737 | Locke}}Locke, John | An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689);
The Reasonableness of Christianity, as Delivered in the Scriptures (1695) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Locke
}} | | 1738}}1738 | Swedenborg}}Swedenborg, Emanuel | Principia (1734) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Swedenborg
}} | | 1742}}1742 | Berkeley}}Berkeley, George | Alciphron, or The Minute Philosopher | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Berkeley
}} | | 1743}}1743 | Defoe}}Defoe, Daniel | The Political History of the Devil (1726) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Defoe
}} | | 1744}}1744 | Richardson}}Richardson, Samuel | Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded (1740) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Richardson
}} | | 1751}}1751, 1762 | Montesquieu}}Montesquieu | Lettres Persanes (1721);
De l'esprit des lois (1748) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Montesquieu
}} | 1752}}1752, 1753, 1757,
1761, 1762, 1765,
1766, 1768, 1769,
1771, 1773, 1776,
1779 | Voltaire}}Voltaire | Candide (1759);
Traité sur la tolérance (1763);
Lettres philosophiques (1733; revised 1778);
+38 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Voltaire
}} | | 1758}}1758, 1804 | Diderot}}Diderot, Denis | Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers (1751–72);
Jacques le fataliste et son maître (pub. 1796) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Diderot
}} | | 1758}}1758 | d'Alembert}}d'Alembert, Jean le Rond | Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers (1751–72) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for d'Alembert
}} | | 1759}}1759, 1774 | Helvetius}}Helvétius, Claude Adrien | De l'Esprit (1758);
De l'homme, de ses facultés intellectuelles et de son éducation | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Helvetius
}} | | 1761}}1761 | Hume}}Hume, David | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Hume
}} | | 1762}}1762, 1766, 1806, | Rousseau}}Rousseau, Jean-Jacques | Émile, ou de l'éducation (1762);
Du contrat social (1762);
Julie, ou la nouvelle Héloïse (1761)
| 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Rousseau
}} | | 1764}}1764 | Kollár}}Kollár, Adam František | De originibus et usu perpetuo potestatis legislatoriae circa sacra apostolicorum regum Ungariae (1764) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Kollár
}} | | 1766}}1766 | Beccaria}}Beccaria, Cesare | Dei Delitti e delle pene (1764) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Beccaria
}} | | 1783}}1783 | Gibbon}}Gibbon, Edward | Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776–1788) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Gibbon
}} | 1815}}1815, 1840, 1859,
1863, 1866, 1896 | Michelet}}Michelet, Jules | 6 titles | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Michelet
}} | | 1817}}1817 | Darwin}}Darwin, Erasmus | Zoonomia; or The Laws of Organic Life (1794) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Darwin
}} | | 1819}}1819 | Sterne}}Sterne, Laurence | A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy (1768) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Sterne
}} | | 1827}}1827 | Condorcet}}Condorcet, Nicholas de | Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (1794) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Condorcet
}} | | 1827}}1827 | Kant}}Kant, Immanuel | Critique of Pure Reason (1781; revised 1787) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Kant
}} | | 1828}}1828 | Stendhal}}Stendhal | Omnes fabulae amatoriae | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Stendhal
}} | 1834}}1834, 1837, 1838,
1841, 1843, 1846, | Lamennais}}Lamennais, Hugues Felicité Robert de | 7 works | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Lamennais
}} | | 1834}}1834 | Casanova}}Casanova, Giacomo | Mémoires | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Casanova
}} | | 1835}}1835 | Bentham}}Bentham, Jeremy | Deontology, or The science of morality (1834);
+3 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Bentham
}} | | 1836}}1836 | Heine}}Heine, Heinrich | Reisebilder;
De l'Allemagne;
De la France | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Heine
}} | | 1840}}1840 | Sand}}Sand, George | Omnes fabulae amatoriae | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Sand
}} | | 1841}}1841 | Balzac}}Balzac, Honoré de | Omnes fabulae amatoriae | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Balzac
}} | | 1849}}1849 | Gioberti}}Gioberti, Vincenzo | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Gioberti
}} | | 1852}}1852 | Proudhon}}Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Proudhon
}} | | 1856}}1856 | Mill}}Mill, John Stuart | Principles of Political Economy (1848) | 1=Stuart Mill}}&country=8052&Search=Search Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for John Stuart Mill
}} | 1859}}1859, 1860, 1863,
1866, 1869, 1877,
1881, 1882, 1884,
1891, 1892, | Renan}}Renan, Ernest | 19 titles | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Renan
}} | | 1863}}1863, 1880 | Dumas2}}Dumas, Alexandre (fils) | Omnes fabulae amatoriae;
La question du divorce | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Dumas
}} | | 1863}}1863 | Dumas}}Dumas, Alexandre (père) | Omnes fabulae amatoriae | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Dumas
}} | | 1864}}1864 | Comte}}Comte, Auguste | Cours de philosophie positive | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Comte
}} | | 1864}}1864 | Flaubert}}Flaubert, Gustave | Madame Bovary (1856);
Salammbô (1862) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Flaubert
}} | | 1873}}1873 | Larousse}}Larousse, Pierre | Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe siècle (1866–76) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Larousse
}} | | 1876}}1876 | Draper}}Draper, John William | History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Draper
}} | | 1894}}1894 | Zola}}Zola, Émile | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Zola
}} | 1911}}1911, 1928, 1935,
1939 | Dannunzio}}D'Annunzio, Gabriele | Omnia opera dramatica;
Omnes fabulae amatoriae;
+3 more | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Dannunzio
}} | | 1914}}1914 | Bergson}}Bergson, Henri | Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience;
Matière et mémoire; essai sur la relation du corps à l'esprit;
L'évolution créatrice
| 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Bergson
}} | | 1914}}1914 | Maeterlinck}}Maeterlinck, Maurice | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Maeterlinck
}} | | 1922}}1922 | France}}France, Anatole | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for France
}} | | 1931}}1931 | Van de Velde}}van de Velde, Theodoor Hendrik | Het volkomen huwelijk (1926) | 1=de Velde}}&country=8052&Search=Search Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Van de Velde
}} | | 1948}}1948 | Sartre}}Sartre, Jean-Paul | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Sartre
}} | | 1952}}1952 | Gide}}Gide, André | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Gide
}} | | 1952}}1952 | Moravia}}Moravia, Alberto | Opera omnia | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Moravia
}} | | 1953}}1953 | Kazantzakis}}Kazantzakis, Nikos | The Last Temptation of Christ (1955) | 1=Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for Kazantzakis
}} | | 1956}}1956 | De Beauvoir}}de Beauvoir, Simone | The Second Sex (1949);
The Mandarins (1954) | 1=Beauvoir}}&country=8052&Search=Search Beacon for Freedom of Expression search for De Beauvoir
}} | |
Reversals and non-inclusionsThere have been cases of reversal with respect to works that were on the Index, such as those of Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei. The Inquisition's ban on reprinting Galileo's works was lifted in 1718 when permission was granted to publish an edition of his works (excluding the condemned Dialogue) in Florence.[3] In 1741 Pope Benedict XIV authorised the publication of an edition of Galileo's complete scientific works[4] which included a mildly censored version of the Dialogue.[5] In 1758 the general prohibition against works advocating heliocentrism was removed from the Index of prohibited books, although the specific ban on uncensored versions of the Dialogue and Copernicus's De Revolutionibus remained.[6] All traces of official opposition to heliocentrism by the church disappeared in 1835 when these works were finally dropped from the Index.[7] Not on the Index were Aristophanes, Juvenal, John Cleland, James Joyce and D. H. Lawrence. According to Wallace et al., this was because the primary criterion for banning the work was anticlericalism, blasphemy and heresy. Some authors whose views are generally unacceptable to the Church (e.g. Karl Marx) were never put on the Index; nor was Charles Darwin (see Evolution and the Roman Catholic Church).[8][9] Works that were included in the Index, and later removed, include: | Banned | Name | Works | Ref. | | 1585 | Dante Alighieri | De Monarchia (1312–13)? | | 1616 to 1835 | Nicolaus Copernicus | De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (1543) | | to 1835 | Johannes Kepler | Astronomia nova (1609);
Harmonices Mundi (1619);
Epitome Astronomiae Copernicanae (1617–21) | | Sade | Justine (1791);
Juliette (1797–1801) | | Madame de Staël | Corinne, ou l'Italie (1807) | | until 1959 | Victor Hugo | Notre Dame de Paris (1831);
Les Misérables (1862) | |
- Libri Carolini, supposedly by Charlemagne
- Rabelais[10]
- Allan Kardec (The Spirits Book)
Beacon results{{notelist|30em}}Notes1. ^"Galileo and Books", Department of History and Philosophy of Science of the University of Cambridge
2. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=Tie0hkcrpg4C&pg=PA36 Jesús Martínez de Bujanda, Index librorum prohibitorum: 1600-1966] (Droz 2002 {{ISBN|2-600-00818-7}}), p. 36
3. ^Heilbron (2005, p. 299).
4. ^Two of his non-scientific works, the letters to Castelli and the Grand Duchess Christina, were explicitly not allowed to be included (Coyne 2005, p. 347).
5. ^Heilbron (2005, pp. 303–04); Coyne (2005, p. 347). The uncensored version of the Dialogue remained on the Index of prohibited books, however (Heilbron 2005, p. 279).
6. ^Heilbron (2005, p. 307); Coyne (2005, p. 347) The practical effect of the ban in its later years seems to have been that clergy could publish discussions of heliocentric physics with a formal disclaimer assuring its hypothetical character and their obedience to the church decrees against motion of the earth: see for example the commented edition (1742) of Newton's 'Principia' by Fathers Le Seur and Jacquier, which contains such a disclaimer ('Declaratio') before the third book (Propositions 25 onwards) dealing with the lunar theory.
7. ^McMullin (2005, p. 6); Coyne (2005, p. 346).
8. ^Vatican opens up secrets of Index of Forbidden Books.
9. ^Heneghan, Tom, "Secrets Behind The Forbidden Books", America, The National Catholic Weekly, February 7, 2005
10. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/indexlibrorum.html |title= Modern History Sourcebook: Index librorum prohibitorum, 1557–1966 (Index of Prohibited Books) |first= Paul |last= Halsall |date= May 1, 1998 |publisher= Internet History Sourcebooks Project (Fordham University) }}
References- {{cite book |last=Coyne |first=George V. |date=2005 |others=In McMullin |pages=340–359 |title=The Church's Most Recent Attempt to Dispel the Galileo Myth |ref=Reference-Coyne-2005}}
- {{cite book |last=Heilbron |first=John L. |author-link=John L. Heilbron |date=2005 |title=Censorship of Astronomy in Italy after Galileo |others=In McMullin |pages=279–322 |ref=Reference-Heilbron-2005}}
- {{cite book |editor-last=McMullin |editor-first=Ernan |editor-link=Ernan McMullin |date= 2005 |title=The Church and Galileo |location= Notre Dame, In |publisher= University of Notre Dame Press |isbn=0-268-03483-4 |ref=Reference-McMullin-2005}}
External links{{commons|Index Librorum Prohibitorum|Index Librorum Prohibitorum}}- Searchable database of Index Librorum Prohibitorum at Beacon for Freedom of Expression
- Facsimile of the 1559 index
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070203140259/http://www.cvm.qc.ca/gconti/905/BABEL/Index%20Librorum%20Prohibitorum-1948.htm The complete list of banned books in 1948]
- List of famous authors in the index
{{DISPLAYTITLE:List of authors and works on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum}} 3 : Book censorship|Lists of books|Lists of Roman Catholics |