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词条 List of Governors of Alaska
释义

  1. Governors before statehood

     Commanders of the Department of Alaska  Governors of the District of Alaska  Governors of the Territory of Alaska 

  2. Governors of the State of Alaska

  3. See also

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox Political post
|post = Governor
|body = Alaska
|insignia = State Seal of Alaska.svg
|insigniasize = 150px
|insigniacaption = The Seal of the State of Alaska
|image = Senator Mike Dunleavy.jpg
|incumbent = Mike Dunleavy
|incumbentsince = December 3, 2018
|residence = Alaska Governor's Mansion
|termlength = Four years, renewable once
|formation = January 3, 1959
|inaugural = William A. Egan
|deputy = Valerie Davidson
|salary = $145,000 [1]
|website = gov.alaska.gov
}}

The Governor of Alaska is the chief executive of the U.S. state of Alaska. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Alaska's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws.

Eleven people have served as governor of the State of Alaska over 13 distinct terms, though Alaska had over 30 civilian and military governors during its long history as a United States territory. Only two governors, William A. Egan and Bill Walker, were born in Alaska. Two people, Egan and Wally Hickel, have been elected to multiple non-consecutive terms as governor. Hickel is also noted for a rare third party win in American politics, having been elected to a term in 1990 representing the Alaskan Independence Party. The longest-serving governor of the state was Egan, who was elected three times and served nearly 12 years. The longest-serving territorial governor was Ernest Gruening, who served 13½ years.

The current governor is Republican Mike Dunleavy, who took office on December 3, 2018.

Governors before statehood

Alaska was purchased by the United States from the Russian Empire in 1867, with formal transfer occurring on October 18, 1867,[2] which is now celebrated as Alaska Day. Before then, it was known as Russian America or Russian Alaska, controlled by the governors and general managers of the Russian-American Company.

Commanders of the Department of Alaska

The vast region was initially designated the Department of Alaska, under the jurisdiction of the Department of War and administered by the U.S. Army officers until 1877, when the Army was withdrawn from Alaska. The Department of the Treasury then took control, with the Collector of Customs as the highest ranking federal official in the territory. In 1879, the U.S. Navy was given jurisdiction over the department.[3]

Some believe the first American administrator of Alaska was Polish immigrant Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski. However, the Anchorage Daily News was unable to find any conclusive information to support this claim.[4]

Chief federal officers of the Department of Alaska
{{abbr|No.|NumberCommanderPositionTerm in office
1Jefferson C. DavisArmy ColonelOctober 18, 1867}}
–
August 31, 1870
2George K. BradyArmy CaptainSeptember 1, 1870}}
–
September 22, 1870
3John C. TidballArmy MajorSeptember 23, 1870}}
–
September 19, 1871
4Harvey A. AllenArmy MajorSeptember 20, 1871}}
–
January 3, 1873
5Joseph StewartArmy MajorJanuary 4, 1873}}
–
April 20, 1874
6George B. Rodney Jr.Army CaptainApril 21, 1874}}
–
August 16, 1874
7Joseph B. CampbellArmy CaptainAugust 17, 1874}}
–
June 14, 1876
8John MendenhallArmy MajorJune 15, 1876}}
–
March 4, 1877
9Arthur MorrisArmy CaptainMarch 5, 1877}}
–
June 14, 1877
10Montgomery P. BerryCollector of CustomsJune 14, 1877}}
–
August 13, 1877
11Henry Charles DeAhnaCollector of CustomsAugust 14, 1877}}
–
March 26, 1878
12M. D. BallCollector of CustomsMarch 27, 1878}}
–
June 13, 1879
13Lester A. BeardsleeNavy CaptainJune 14, 1879}}
–
September 12, 1880
14Henry GlassNavy CommanderSeptember 13, 1880}}
–
August 9, 1881
15Edward P. LullNavy CommanderAugust 10, 1881}}
–
October 18, 1881
16Henry GlassNavy CommanderOctober 19, 1881}}
–
March 12, 1882
17Frederick PearsonNavy CommanderMarch 13, 1882}}
–
October 3, 1882
18Edgar C. MerrimanNavy CommanderOctober 4, 1882}}
–
September 13, 1883
19Joseph CoghlanNavy CommanderSeptember 15, 1883}}
–
September 13, 1884
20Henry E. NicholsNavy Lieutenant commanderSeptember 14, 1884}}
–
September 15, 1884

Governors of the District of Alaska

On May 17, 1884, the Department of Alaska was redesignated the District of Alaska, an incorporated but unorganized territory with a civil government. The governor was appointed by the President of the United States.

Governors of the District of Alaska
{{abbr|No.|NumberGovernorTerm in officeAppointed by
1John Henry KinkeadJuly 4, 1884}}
–
May 7, 1885		Chester A. Arthur
2Alfred P. SwinefordMay 7, 1885}}
–
April 20, 1889		Grover Cleveland
3Lyman Enos KnappApril 20, 1889}}
–
June 18, 1893		Benjamin Harrison
4James SheakleyJune 18, 1893}}
–
June 23, 1897		Grover Cleveland
5John Green BradyJune 23, 1897}}
–
March 2, 1906{{efn|Brady was forced to resign due to his involvement with the fraudulent Reynolds–Alaska Development Company.[5]}}		William McKinley
6Wilford Bacon HoggattMarch 10, 1906}}[6]
–
May 20, 1909		Theodore Roosevelt
7Walter Eli ClarkMay 20, 1909}}
–
August 24, 1912		William Howard Taft

Governors of the Territory of Alaska

The District of Alaska was organized into Alaska Territory on August 24, 1912. Governors continued to be appointed by the President of the United States.

Governors of the Territory of Alaska
{{abbr|No.|NumberPortraitTerm in officeAppointed by
1Walter Eli ClarkAugust 24, 1912}}
–
April 18, 1913		William Howard Taft
2John Franklin Alexander StrongApril 18, 1913}}
–
April 12, 1918{{efn|Resigned on request after it was discovered he was still a Canadian citizen.[7]}}		Woodrow Wilson
3Thomas Riggs Jr.April 12, 1918}}
–
June 16, 1921
4Scott Cordelle BoneJune 16, 1921}}
–
August 16, 1925		Warren G. Harding
5George Alexander ParksAugust 16, 1925}}
–
April 19, 1933		Calvin Coolidge
6John Weir TroyApril 19, 1933}}
–
December 6, 1939		Franklin D. Roosevelt
7Ernest Gruening{{efn|During most of World War II, Lt. Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr., was the military commander of Alaska, and held much executive power over the territory.[8]December 6, 1939}}
–
April 10, 1953
8B. Frank HeintzlemanApril 10, 1953}}
–
January 3, 1957{{efn|Resigned; was reportedly unhappy with the job, and did not expect to be reappointed.[9]}}		Dwight D. Eisenhower
—Waino HendricksonJanuary 3, 1957}}
–
April 8, 1957		Acting{{efn>As secretary of Alaska, acted as governor for remainder of term.[10]|name=ssacted}}
9Mike StepovichApril 8, 1957}}
–
August 9, 1958{{efn|Resigned to run for United States Senate, losing that election.[10]}}		Dwight D. Eisenhower
—Waino HendricksonAugust 9, 1958}}
–
January 3, 1959		Acting{{efn>name=ssacted}}

Governors of the State of Alaska

Alaska was admitted to the Union on January 3, 1959.

The state constitution provides for the election of a governor and lieutenant governor every four years on the same ticket, with their terms commencing on the first Monday in the December following the election.[11] Governors are allowed to succeed themselves once, having to wait four years after their second term in a row before being allowed to run again.[12] Should the office of governor become vacant, the lieutenant governor assumes the title of governor.[13] The original constitution of 1956 created the office of secretary of state, which was functionally identical to a lieutenant governor, and was renamed to "lieutenant governor" in 1970.[14]

Data is sourced from the National Governors Association, unless supplemental references are required.}}
{{abbr|No.|NumberGovernorTerm in officePartyElectionLt. Governor{{efn|The office of lieutenant governor was named secretary of state until 1970.[14]|{{efn|Lieutenant governors have all represented the same party as their governor.
1 William A. Egan{{dts|January 3, 1959}}
–
December 5, 1966
(term limited)		Democratic1958 Hugh Wade
1962
2Wally HickelDecember 5, 1966}}
–
January 29, 1969
(resigned){{efn|Hickel resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior.[15]}}		Republican1966Keith Harvey Miller
3Keith Harvey MillerJanuary 29, 1969}}
–
December 7, 1970
(lost election)[16]		RepublicanSucceeded from
Secretary
of State		Robert W. Ward
1William A. EganDecember 7, 1970}}
–
December 2, 1974
(lost election)		Democratic1970H. A. Boucher
4Jay Hammond{{dts|December 2, 1974}}
–
December 6, 1982
(term limited)		Republican1974Lowell Thomas Jr.
1978Terry Miller
5{{Css Image Crop|Image=Bill Sheffield 1989.jpg|bSize=200|cWidth=101|cHeight=130|oTop=5|oLeft=45|Location=center}}Bill SheffieldDecember 6, 1982}}
–
December 1, 1986
(not candidate for election)		Democratic1982Steve McAlpine
6Steve CowperDecember 1, 1986}}
–
December 3, 1990
(not candidate for election)		Democratic1986
2Wally HickelDecember 3, 1990}}
–
December 5, 1994
(not candidate for election)		Independence{{efn>Hickel was elected as a member of the Alaskan Independence Party, and switched to the Republican party in April 1994.[17]}}1990Jack Coghill
7Tony Knowles{{dts|December 5, 1994}}
–
December 2, 2002
(term limited)		Democratic1994Fran Ulmer
1998
8Frank MurkowskiDecember 2, 2002}}
–
December 4, 2006
(not candidate for election)		Republican2002Loren Leman
9Sarah PalinDecember 4, 2006}}
–
July 26, 2009
(resigned){{efn|Palin resigned, citing the costs of ethics investigations.[18]}}		Republican2006Sean Parnell
10Sean Parnell{{dts|July 26, 2009}}
–
December 1, 2014
(lost election)[19]		RepublicanSucceeded from
Lieutenant
Governor		Vacant
Craig Campbell
(took office August 10, 2009){{efn|Campbell's position was termed "Temporary Substitute Lieutenant Governor[20] until he was confirmed by the Alaska Legislature on August 10, 2009.[21]}}
2010Mead Treadwell
11Bill Walker{{dts|December 1, 2014}}
–
December 3, 2018
(withdrew from election)[22]		Independent2014Byron Mallott
(resigned October 16, 2018)[23]
Valerie Davidson
12Mike Dunleavy–
present{{efn>Dunleavy's first term expires on December 5, 2022.}}		Republican2018Kevin Meyer

See also

  • List of Alaska State Legislatures

Notes

{{notelist|2}}

References

General
{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_alaska.html | title=Alaska: Past Governors Bios | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=November 24, 2018}}
  • {{cite book | title=The Alaska Almanac: Facts about Alaska | edition=30th |last=Gates |first=Nancy |year=2007 |publisher=Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co. |isbn=0-88240-652-3 |pages=85–87 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_0sbbGO69gC |accessdate=August 3, 2010}}
{{refend}}
Constitution
{{refbegin}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://ltgov.alaska.gov/services/alaskas-constitution/ | title=Constitution of the State of Alaska | year=1956 | publisher=Alaska State Legislature | accessdate=October 12, 2017}}
{{refend}}
Specific
1. ^{{cite web | url=http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/system/files/4.3.2018.pdf | title=The Governors: Compensation, Staff, Travel and Residence | publisher=The Council of State Governments | date=April 3, 2018 | accessdate=October 17, 2018 }}
2. ^{{cite web | url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1866-1898/alaska-purchase | title=Purchase of Alaska, 1867 | publisher=United States Department of State Office of the Historian | accessdate=October 12, 2017}}
3. ^Gates p. 86
4. ^{{cite news | last = Ruskin | first = Liz|date = 2002-12-20 | title = Barking up the wrong Pole: Hero wasn't governor | work = Anchorage Daily News | url=http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/wbkrzyzanowski.htm | accessdate=August 26, 2008}}
5. ^{{cite book |title=The Copper Spike |last=Janson |first=Lone |year=1975 |publisher=Alaska Northwest Publishing Co. |isbn=0-88240-045-2 |page=44}}
6. ^{{cite news |title=New Governor of Alaska |page=5 |newspaper=New York Times |date=March 11, 1906 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9903E7D6103EE733A25752C1A9659C946797D6CF }}
7. ^{{cite book |title=Many Battles: The Autobiography of Ernest Gruening |last=Gruening |first=Ernest |authorlink=Ernest Gruening |year=1973 |publisher=Liveright |isbn=0-87140-565-2 |page=216}}
8. ^{{cite book |title=Personal Justice Denied: Report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians |year=1997 |publisher=University of Washington Press |isbn=0-295-97558-X |page=319 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7r3U_KuP_Q0C}}
9. ^{{cite book |title=A History of Alaska Statehood |last=Naske |first=Claus-M. |year=1985 |publisher=University Press of America |isbn=0-8191-4556-4 |page=244}}
10. ^1 {{cite book |title=Alaska: A History of the 49th State |last=Naske |first=Claus-M. |author2=Herman E. Slotnick |year=1979 |publisher=Eerdmans |isbn=0-8028-7041-4 |page=309}}
11. ^AK Const. art. III, § 4
12. ^AK Const. art. III, § 5
13. ^AK Const. art. III, § 11
14. ^1 AK Const. amendments
15. ^{{cite web | url=https://classic.nga.org/cms/walter-j-hickel | title=Walter J. Hickel | publisher=National Governors Association | accessdate=November 24, 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.elections.alaska.gov/results/70GENR/70genr.pdf | title = 1970 Gubernatorial General Election Results - Alaska | accessdate = 2009-08-31 | publisher = Alaska Division of Elections| archiveurl= http://www.elections.alaska.gov/results/70GENR/70genr.pdf| archivedate= 2 September 2009 | deadurl= no}}
17. ^{{cite news |title=Alaska's Gov. Hickel Rejoins Gop Amid Speculation Over Another Term |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19940415&slug=1905548 |agency= Associated Press | work=The Seattle Times |date=April 15, 1994 |accessdate=September 28, 2008}}
18. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/06/us/06palin.html |title=Legal Bills Swayed Palin, Official Says |work=The New York Times |date=July 5, 2009 | accessdate=October 12, 2017}}
19. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.elections.alaska.gov/results/14GENR/data/results.htm |title=2014 General Election November 4, 2014 Official Results |date=November 11, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |publisher=elections.alaska.gov }}
20. ^{{cite web |url= http://juneauempire.com/stories/072809/sta_471747292.shtml#.Wd-eQmhSxaQ |title= Alaska gets first ever 'temporary substitute' lt. governor |publisher= Juneau Empire |date= July 28, 2009 |last= Forgey |first= Pat |accessdate= October 12, 2017 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20171013014106/http://juneauempire.com/stories/072809/sta_471747292.shtml#.Wd-eQmhSxaQ |archivedate= October 13, 2017 |df= }}
21. ^{{cite web |work= legis.state.ak.us |url= http://www.legis.state.ak.us/basis/get_single_journal.asp?session=26&date=20090810&beg_page=1247&end_page=1258&chamber=H |title= House Journal, Alaska State Legislature, Twenty-Sixth Legislature, First Special Session |agency= State of Alaska |date= August 10, 2009 |accessdate= December 17, 2009}}
22. ^{{cite web |last1=Zak |first1=Annie |title=Gov. Bill Walker drops out of campaign for Alaska governor |url=https://www.adn.com/politics/2018/10/19/gov-bill-walker-drops-out-of-campaign-for-alaska-governor/ |website=Anchorage Daily News |publisher=Anchorage Daily News |accessdate=20 October 2018|date=2018-10-19 }}
23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.adn.com/politics/2018/10/16/alaska-lt-gov-byron-mallott-abruptly-resigns-followiing-inappropriate-comments/|title=Alaska Lt. Gov. Byron Mallott abruptly resigns following “inappropriate comments”|first1=Annie|last1=Zak|first2=Tegan|last2=Hanlon|first3=Alex|last3=DeMarban|date=October 16, 2018|work=Anchorage Daily News}}

External links

{{commons category | Governors of Alaska}}
  • Office of the Governor of Alaska
{{Lists of US Governors}}{{Governors of Alaska}}{{Alaska}}{{Alaska year nav}}{{Featured list}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Alaska, List of Governors of}}

6 : Governors of Alaska|Lists of Alaska politicians|Lists of state governors of the United States|Lists of territorial governors of the United States|Political history of Alaska|State constitutional officers of Alaska
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