| 词条 | Lady Nijō |
| 释义 |
Lady Nijō was a member of the Koga family, a branch of the Minamoto clan descended from Emperor Murakami. Her father and paternal grandfather held important positions at the imperial court, and many of her relatives and ancestors had high reputations for their literary abilities. Her real name does not survive. The name "Nijō" was given to her at the court: it was common practice at the time to designate court ladies by street names, and "Nijō" ("Second Avenue") designates a high rank. According to the Towazugatari, Emperor Go-Fukakusa was in love with Nijō's mother, Sukedai. However, she died shortly after Nijō was born, and Go-Fukakusa turned his affections to Nijō. She was taken to the court at the age of four, and was subsequently raised there. The Towazugatari begins in 1271, when Nijō, aged 14, is given by her father to Go-Fukakusa as a concubine. It is unclear whether Nijō should be considered a formal wife (seisai) or a concubine (meshudo): there is evidence in the Confessions to support both interpretations.[1] The narrative proceeds to describe Nijō's life at the court, which was plagued by numerous troubles. Her father died when she was 15, and her relationship with the emperor was strained from the beginning, because she took several other lovers over the years, including one whom she knew before becoming a concubine. Matters were complicated further by Nijō's pregnancies: the only child she bore to Go-Fukakusa died in infancy, and the other three children she had were not by the emperor. Go-Fukakusa's consort, Higashi-nijō, was greatly displeased with Nijō's behaviour and Go-Fukakusa's apparent affinity for the concubine. Ultimately, it was due to Higashi-nijō's request that Nijō was expelled from the court in 1283. Nijō's next steps are revealed in books 4 and 5 of Towazugatari. Like many women in Medieval Japan whose lives met with unfortunate circumstances, Nijō became a Buddhist nun. She traveled to saсred and historical places, returning to the capital regularly. Kimura Saeko notes that some of these visits never actually took place, meaning that sections of Nijō's travels are fictionalised.[1] Book 4 begins in 1289, skipping several years (thus leading scholars to believe that some material may be missing); book 5 skips some more years and describes Nijō's grief at Go-Fukakusa's death in 1304. Towazugatari ends in 1306, and nothing is known about what happened to Nijō afterwards or when she died. Nijō's autobiography did not enjoy wide circulation. A single 17th-century copy was discovered among the holdings of the Imperial Household in 1940,[2] with several gaps in book 5, noted by the scribe. The scholar who found Towazugatari was Yamagishi Tohukei. The book was published in 1950, with a complete annotated edition following in 1966. There were two English translations:
In popular cultureLady Nijo appears as a character in Caryl Churchill's play Top Girls. References1. ^1 {{Cite book|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/603749273|title=Aspects of classical Japanese travel writing.|last=国際文化教育センター.|first=城西大学.|date=2007|publisher=Center for Inter-Cultural Studies and Education, Josai University|oclc=603749273}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2017/12/23/books/book-reviews/confessions-lady-nijo-memoir-timeless-depth-beauty/#.XJwLN7jLjIU|title='The Confessions of Lady Nijo': a memoir of timeless depth and beauty|last=Jones|first=T. C.|date=23 December 2017|website=The Japan Times|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=27 March 2019}}
5 : Japanese concubines|People of Heian-period Japan|Japanese women writers|1258 births|14th-century deaths |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。