| 词条 | List of international Turner Classic Movies channels |
| 释义 |
Turner Classic Movies, a movie-oriented network that was originally established as a cable channel in the United States, has expanded to include worldwide versions. CanadaIn Canada, Turner Classic Movies debuted on November 1, 2005 on the Shaw Cable system and Shaw Direct satellite service. Rogers Cable started offering TCM on December 12, 2006 as a free preview channel for all digital customers, and added it to the "Ultimate TV" analogue package on or around February 1, 2007. While the schedule for the Canadian channel is generally the same as the US channel, some films are replaced for broadcast into Canada due to rights issues and other reasons. Europe, Middle East and Africa{{Main|Turner Classic Movies (UK and Ireland)|TCM Cinéma|TCM (Spain)|TCM (North European TV channel)|Turner Classic Movies (Middle East)}}In Europe, Middle East and Africa, Turner Classic Movies was available as ten separate channels for Africa, Central and Eastern Europe, France/Switzerland/Belgium, Germany/Switzerland, Greece/Cyprus, Italy, Middle East, Nordic countries, Spain, the UK/Ireland/Malta, and a panregional channel with various feeds in different languages for the Nordic countries, Benelux and other countries. While in Poland it was introduced in 1998 until October 6, 2015 as part of the WizjaTV platform along with a local version of Cartoon Network, the European feed was launched in 1999 until January 1, 2014, when its predecessor, the international version of TNT dropped its film programming to become a general entertainment channel. Its penetration increased when it took over TNT's space on various platforms in 1999 and 2000. In Britain, TCM 2 launched on May 2, 2006. The channel, which is a spin-off from the UK version of Turner Classic Movies, focuses mainly on the bigger films from the MGM and Warner film archives including Citizen Kane, The Wizard of Oz, Casablanca, North by Northwest and Meet Me in St. Louis, among others. The channel closed on August 13, 2013 and was replaced with Turner Classic Movies +1. In December 2013, the pan-European channel closed in Portugal. In September 2013, Turner Broadcasting Systems revealed its plans to close down the pan-European channel for the Benelux market. The channel closed on 1 January 2014.[1] On 1 June 2017, TCM Europe closed down in all of the Nordic countries.[2] The Middle East/Africa TCM was rebranced in September 2018.[3] Currently, TCM is only available in the UK and Ireland, Spain, France, Switzerland and Belgium. Asia-Pacific{{Main|Turner Classic Movies (Asia)}}In Asia-Pacific, Turner Classic Movies is available as one feed that serves more than 14 territories. It was available in India until March 2, 2009 exclusively on Dish TV along with Boomerang. It is available in India on Tata Sky from August 2009 (Channel No. 357). It closed in January 2019.[4] Latin AmericaTCM is also available in Latin America, but this version receives little attention unlike the US and Europe, Middle East and Africa counterparts. This version in Latin America was called TCM Classic Hollywood until mid-2009. Starting on April 1, 2009, TCM Latin America was renamed TCM Classic Entertainment and started airing most of the programming from the former channel Retro, also owned by Turner Broadcasting System, and which also aired classic series and movies. Its programming is aired on TCM as Retro has been replaced by truTV.[5] References1. ^{{cite news|last=Kriek|first=Jarco|title=TCM Nederland stopt op 1 januari 2014|url=http://www.totaaltv.nl/nieuws/14075/tcm-nederland-stopt-op-1-januari-2014.html|newspaper=TotaalTV|date=2013-09-29}} 2. ^{{cite news|url=http://digitalt.tv/tv-kanalen-tcm-lukker-1-juni/|title=TV-kanalen TCM lukker 1. juni|publisher=Digitalt.tv|author=Bo Kjærgaard|date=April 18, 2017}} 3. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.gemnation.news/cartoon-network-and-tnt-to-launch-in-hd-on-dstv/|title=Cartoon Network and TNT to launch in HD on DStv|publisher=Gem Nation|date=December 17, 2018|accessdate=March 7, 2019}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.contentasia.tv/news/turner-fox-pull-plug-rip-trutv-tcm-nat-geo-music|title=Turner, Fox pull the plug: RIP truTV, TCM, Nat Geo Music}} 5. ^https://web.archive.org/web/20100513063859/http://ar.news.yahoo.com/s/25032009/30/entretenimiento-noticias-trutv-canal-historias-verdaderas.html External links
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